121 research outputs found
Views from the students’ desks: How students experience and comprehend demand and difficulty in GCSE mathematics examination questions
This study investigates students’ understanding and experience of factors that create “demand” and “difficulty” in GCSE mathematics examination questions.
Around 600,000 students in England take GCSE examinations each year. The results of these high-stakes assessments affect students’ future prospects, as well as schools’ status and recruitment. The performance of the examination system is, therefore, highly significant, but the effective working of its assessment methods lacks systematic academic scrutiny.
Examiners manipulate factors relating to the “demand” (i.e. cognitive load) of examination questions, and these questions are experienced at different levels of “difficulty” by students. If the link between “demand” and “difficulty” cannot accurately be predicted by examiners, this poses a threat to the validity of inferences made from examination results. Existent research into demand and difficulty in examination questions has predominantly focused on the work of examiners: students’ voices have not been heard.
In this study, questionnaires and focus group interviews gathered the views of 224 secondary school GCSE mathematics students in 5 comprehensive schools in North East England. Reflexive thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2022) was used to investigate students’ responses and their inferences in relation to learning theories including cognitive load theory and taxonomies of learning.
The voices of students in this study reveal insights into question demands and difficulty. Students discuss recall, reasoning and application of knowledge. Many students associate question length with difficulty. Question clarity inspires student confidence. Context in a question introduces an unreliable element, motivating some and confusing others.
Students’ insights have implications for examiners, teachers, and students. The thesis concludes that there are compelling reasons, in terms of teaching and learning, improving question design, validity, and public confidence in the examination system, to listen to students’ views
Obstructions in Security-Aware Business Processes
This Open Access book explores the dilemma-like stalemate between security and regulatory compliance in business processes on the one hand and business continuity and governance on the other. The growing number of regulations, e.g., on information security, data protection, or privacy, implemented in increasingly digitized businesses can have an obstructive effect on the automated execution of business processes. Such security-related obstructions can particularly occur when an access control-based implementation of regulations blocks the execution of business processes. By handling obstructions, security in business processes is supposed to be improved. For this, the book presents a framework that allows the comprehensive analysis, detection, and handling of obstructions in a security-sensitive way. Thereby, methods based on common organizational security policies, process models, and logs are proposed. The Petri net-based modeling and related semantic and language-based research, as well as the analysis of event data and machine learning methods finally lead to the development of algorithms and experiments that can detect and resolve obstructions and are reproducible with the provided software
The First Century of the International Joint Commission
An essential introduction to, and overview of, the International Joint Commission and Canada-U.S. water relationships. The International Joint Commission oversees and protects the shared waters of Canada and the United States. Created by the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909, it is one of the world’s oldest international environmental bodies. A pioneering piece of transborder water governance, the IJC has been integral to the modern Canada-United States relationship. This is the definitive history of the International Joint Commission. Separating myth from reality and uncovering the historical evolution of the IJC from its inception to its present, this collection features an impressive interdisciplinary group of scholars and practitioners. Examining the many aspects of border waters from east to west The First Century of the International Joint Commission traces the three major periods of the IJC, detailing its early focus on water flow, its middle period of growth and increasing politicization, and its modern emphasis on ecosystems. Informative, detailed, and fascinating, The First Century of the International Joint Commission is essential reading for academics, contemporary policy makers, governments, and all those interested in sustainability, climate change, pollution, and resiliency along the Canada-US Border
An Ecological Theology of Liberation
Catholic Press Association Book Award Honorable Mention Catholic Social Teaching
"Here, in this global garden, we are all invited to continue to be an expression and parable of the Imago Dei as gardeners, carers and advocates of all creation as we become a concrete sign of the Kingdom of God here on Earth. The reading of the book is fluid, pleasant and carries the academic rigour necessary to be a widely read and used work in the academy." -- Paulo Ueti, Journal of Theology for Southern Africa
Castillo’s book is an important scholarly work that offers an attractive vision of a political ecology rooted in and fertilized by the creative wisdom of God.--Hilda P. Koster, Modern Theology, University of St. Michael’s College, University of Toronto
What is the relationship between salvation, human liberation, and care for creation? To answer this question Daniel Castillo expands on the ideas presented in Gustavo Gutiérrez’s classic work A Theology of Liberation and proposes a novel concept: green liberation theology. In this compelling and original work Castillo places Gutiérrez in dialogue with a diverse array of theological, ecological, and socio-scientific discourses, drawing upon the work of Jon Sobrino, Willie James Jennings, Walter Brueggemann, Ellen Davis, and others, paying special attention to Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si’
Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems
This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2022, which was held during April 2-7, 2022, in Munich, Germany, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2022. The 46 full papers and 4 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 159 submissions. The proceedings also contain 16 tool papers of the affiliated competition SV-Comp and 1 paper consisting of the competition report. TACAS is a forum for researchers, developers, and users interested in rigorously based tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems. The conference aims to bridge the gaps between different communities with this common interest and to support them in their quest to improve the utility, reliability, exibility, and efficiency of tools and algorithms for building computer-controlled systems
Construcción discursiva de la imagen de Rusia en la prensa británica y estadounidense en el año 2005. Un estudio contrastivo
Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filología, leída el 25-02-2022Linguistic expression and communication play a crucial role when it comes to understanding an image of a specific country, as well as the construction and interpretation of such image. The main goal in the present thesis is to carry out a contrastive study through the analysis of Russia’s image construction as a threat in the newspaper articles from the British press The Guardian and the American press The New York Times. This study focuses on the contrastive written discourse for the analysis of the texts which includes Russia, Great Britain and the United States as the main actors in the frame of International Relations in the year 2005.For the development of the aforementioned contrastive study, a general theoretical approach will be introduced to the concept of image applied to Russia, in order to understand how Russia’s complex historical evolution as a nation has configured the Western representations of Russia and its image from a historical, socio-political and ideological points of view. Additionally, there will be a more specific section focused on the historical configuration of the British and American perception of the image of Russia. This will help us understand how the views of these countries towards Russia are reflected in the British and American press articles. All this is closely related to the stereotypes, which constitute a direct consequence of the innumerable differences that Russia has been manifesting throughout its historical evolution with respect to the Western world. As will be seen, this fact highlights even more Russia’s anti-Western character. The next step will be to describe how such representations are reflected in the texts from the British and American digital press from a linguistic perspective...La expresión lingüística y la comunicación desempeñan un papel crucial a la hora de comprender la imagen de un país específico, así como la construcción e interpretación de la misma. El objetivo principal de la presente tesis es realizar un estudio contrastivo a través del análisis de la construcción de la imagen de Rusia como amenaza en los artículos de la prensa británica The Guardian y de la prensa estadounidense The New York Times. Este estudio se centra en el discurso escrito contrastivo para el análisis delos textos, el cual incluye a Rusia, Gran Bretaña y Estados Unidos como los principales actores en el marco de las Relaciones Internacionales en el año 2005.Para el desarrollo del mencionado estudio contrastivo, se introducirá un enfoque teórico general del concepto de imagen aplicado a Rusia, con el fin de comprender cómo la compleja evolución histórica de Rusia como nación ha configurado las representaciones del Occidente sobre Rusia y su imagen desde un punto de vista histórico, sociopolítico e ideológico. Adicionalmente, habrá una sección más específica centrada en la configuración histórica de la percepción británica y estadounidense de la imagen de Rusia. Esto nos ayudará a comprender en qué forma quedan reflejadas las percepciones de estos países sobre Rusia en los artículos de prensa británica y estadounidense. Todo ello está estrechamente relacionado con los estereotipos, que constituyen una consecuencia directa de las innumerables diferencias que Rusia ha venido manifestando a lo largo de su evolución histórica con respecto al mundo occidental. Como se verá, este hecho resalta aún más el carácter antioccidental de Rusia. El siguiente paso será describir cómo estas representaciones se reflejan en los textos de la prensa digital británica y estadounidense desde una perspectiva lingüística...Fac. de FilologíaTRUEunpu
Industrial Applications: New Solutions for the New Era
This book reprints articles from the Special Issue "Industrial Applications: New Solutions for the New Age" published online in the open-access journal Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This book consists of twelve published articles. This special edition belongs to the "Mechatronic and Intelligent Machines" section
A Buddha Land in This World
In the early twentieth century, Uchiyama Gudō, Seno’o Girō, Lin Qiuwu, and others advocated a Buddhism that was radical in two respects. Firstly, they adopted a more or less naturalist stance with respect to Buddhist doctrine and related matters, rejecting karma or other supernatural beliefs. And secondly, they held political and economic views that were radically anti-hegemonic, anti-capitalist, and revolutionary. Taking the idea of such a “radical Buddhism” seriously, A Buddha Land in This World: Philosophy, Utopia, and Radical Buddhism asks whether it is possible to develop a philosophy that is simultaneously naturalist, anti-capitalist, Buddhist, and consistent. Rather than a study of radical Buddhism, then, this book is an attempt to radicalize it.
The foundations of this “radicalized radical Buddhism” are provided by a realist interpretation of Yogācāra, elucidated and elaborated with some help from thinkers in the broader Tiantai/Tendai tradition and American philosophers Donald Davidson and W.V.O. Quine. A key implication of this foundation is that only this world and only this life are real, from which it follows that if Buddhism aims to alleviate suffering, it has to do so in this world and in this life. Twentieth-century radical Buddhists (as well as some engaged Buddhists) came to a similar conclusion, often expressed in their aim to realize “a Buddha land in this world.”
Building on this foundation, but also on Mahāyāna moral philosophy, this book argues for an ethics and social philosophy based on a definition of evil as that what is or should be expected to cause death or suffering. On that ground, capitalism should be rejected indeed, but utopianism must be treated with caution as well, which raises questions about what it means – from a radicalized radical Buddhist perspective – to aim for a Buddha land in this world
An Ecological Theology of Liberation
Catholic Press Association Book Award Honorable Mention Catholic Social Teaching
"Here, in this global garden, we are all invited to continue to be an expression and parable of the Imago Dei as gardeners, carers and advocates of all creation as we become a concrete sign of the Kingdom of God here on Earth. The reading of the book is fluid, pleasant and carries the academic rigour necessary to be a widely read and used work in the academy." -- Paulo Ueti, Journal of Theology for Southern Africa
"Castillo’s book is an important scholarly work that offers an attractive vision of a political ecology rooted in and fertilized by the creative wisdom of God." --Hilda P. Koster, Modern Theology, University of St. Michael’s College, University of Toronto
What is the relationship between salvation, human liberation, and care for creation? To answer this question Daniel Castillo expands on the ideas presented in Gustavo Gutiérrez’s classic work A Theology of Liberation and proposes a novel concept: green liberation theology. In this compelling and original work Castillo places Gutiérrez in dialogue with a diverse array of theological, ecological, and socio-scientific discourses, drawing upon the work of Jon Sobrino, Willie James Jennings, Walter Brueggemann, Ellen Davis, and others, paying special attention to Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si’
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