2,242 research outputs found
Managed Careâs Crimea: Medical Necessity, Therapeutic Benefit, and the Goals of Administrative Process in Health Insurance
En brotyp som Ă€r vanlig bland brokonstruktioner Ă€r plattrambron. Denna brotyp byggs bĂ„de med slak- och spĂ€nnarmering. Det Ă€r dock vanligare att bygga med slakarmering Ă€n spĂ€nnarmering, vilket övervĂ€gs sĂ€rskilt dĂ„ spĂ€nnvidderna Ă€r ungefĂ€r 25- 30 meter eller mer. Inledningsvis har en noggrann litteraturstudie genomförts tillsammans med en intervju av en kunnig brokonstruktör för att sĂ€kerstĂ€lla en interaktion mellan teori och aktuell praxis. Detta arbete har haft ett huvudmĂ„l, vilket Ă€r att ur ett struktur- och kostnadsperspektiv jĂ€mföra och utvĂ€rdera hur behovet av slakarmering varierar i en plattrambros farbana dĂ„ spĂ€nnvidder varieras och betongtvĂ€rsnitt Ă€ndras. Arbetet har utförts med hjĂ€lp av finita elementprogrammet âBrigade Standardâ, vilket erbjuder en tre-dimensionell strukturanalys. Fyra olika tvĂ€rsnitt för spĂ€nnvidder mellan 10-20 meter analyseras. Dimensioner pĂ„ brodelar bestĂ€ms med hjĂ€lp av tumregler samt generella rĂ„d frĂ„n intervjuperson; höjd i fĂ€lt enligt L/20, L/25, L/30 samt L/35, dĂ€r L Ă€r spĂ€nnvidden. Resultatet visar frĂ€mst att för ökade spĂ€nnvidder mot 20 meter ökar lasteffekten pĂ„ grund av egentyngd drastiskt och dĂ„ sĂ€rskilt det tvĂ€rsnitt som Ă€r störst, det vill sĂ€ga L/20. Vidare visas Ă€ven att slankare tvĂ€rsnitt resulterar i aningen högre armeringsmĂ€ngd. Dock pĂ„verkas betongkostnaden i större utstrĂ€ckning av slankare tvĂ€rsnitt och sĂ€rskilt större spĂ€nnvidder. Ăven om större spĂ€nnvidd och slankare tvĂ€rsnitt föranleder ett större armeringsbehov, fĂ„s en lĂ€gre totalkostnad. Det bör noteras att priset pĂ„ betong och stĂ„l Ă€r starkt beroende av konjunktur och tillgĂ„ng till material. Denna studie kan bli Ă€nnu intressantare dĂ„ priset varierar kraftigt för stĂ„l och föranleder att betongpriset blir mindre dominerande Ă€n vad det Ă€r idag. Huvudprodukten frĂ„n detta arbete Ă€r att med hjĂ€lp av tabeller och nya priser kunna berĂ€kna en preliminĂ€r totalkostnad för plattrambrons farbana för olika spĂ€nnvidder och hur olika tvĂ€rsnittsalternativ pĂ„verkar denna kostnad
Managed Careâs Crimea: Medical Necessity, Therapeutic Benefit, and the Goals of Administrative Process in Health Insurance
This Essay explores the concept of medical necessity as it has evolved in the judicial and administrative oversight of managed care. The goals of the Essay are to illustrate the range of plausible rationales for establishing administrative procedures to govern medical necessity disputes, and to demonstrate the difficulty of incorporating into those procedures the most important professional and social responsibilities of managed care in todayâs health care system. Part I of the Essay explains the ideological and practical significance of medical necessity as managed care has evolved. Part II examines medical necessity as a legal problem, and questions whether current independent review programs match social needs. Part III offers an alternative perspective on oversight of decisionmaking in managed care that emphasizes therapeutic effect rather than contractual enforcement. Part IV describes improvements in both independent review and overall medical necessity policy that would better serve therapeutic objectives. Among other things, the Essay suggests that independent review procedures should be different for insured individuals who are severely or chronically ill than for those who are only occasional users of health care services
Double Secret Protection: Bridging Federal and State Law To Protect Privacy Rights for Telemental and Mobile Health Users
Mental health care in the United States is plagued by stigma, cost, and access issues that prevent many people from seeking and continuing treatment for mental health conditions. Emergent technology, however, may offer a solution. Through telemental health, patients can connect with providers remotelyâavoiding stigmatizing situations that can arise from traditional healthcare delivery, receiving more affordable care, and reaching providers across geographic boundaries. And with mobile health technology, people can use smart phone applications both to self-monitor their mental health and to communicate with their doctors. But people do not want to take advantage of telemental and mobile health unless their privacy is protected. After evaluating the applicability of current health information privacy law to these new forms of treatment, this Note proposes changes to the federal regime to protect privacy rights for telemental and mobile health users
Double Secret Protection: Bridging Federal and State Law To Protect Privacy Rights for Telemental and Mobile Health Users
Mental health care in the United States is plagued by stigma, cost, and access issues that prevent many people from seeking and continuing treatment for mental health conditions. Emergent technology, however, may offer a solution. Through telemental health, patients can connect with providers remotelyâavoiding stigmatizing situations that can arise from traditional healthcare delivery, receiving more affordable care, and reaching providers across geographic boundaries. And with mobile health technology, people can use smart phone applications both to self-monitor their mental health and to communicate with their doctors. But people do not want to take advantage of telemental and mobile health unless their privacy is protected. After evaluating the applicability of current health information privacy law to these new forms of treatment, this Note proposes changes to the federal regime to protect privacy rights for telemental and mobile health users
Rerouting Technique for Faster Restoration of Preempted Calls
In a communication network where resources are shared between instantaneous request (IR) and book-ahead (BA) connections, activation of future BA connections causes preemption of many on-going IR connections upon resource scarcity. A solution to this problem is to reroute the preempted calls via alternative feasible paths, which often does not ensure acceptably low disruption of service. In this paper, a new rerouting strategy is proposed that uses the destination node to initiate the rerouting and thereby reduces the rerouting time, which ultimately improves the service disruption time. Simulations on a widely used network topology suggest that the proposed rerouting scheme achieves more successful rerouting rate with lower service disruption time, while not compromising other network performance metrics like utilization and call blocking rate
A New Vision for Health Care: A Leadership Role for Business
This report urges employers, along with government, not only to stay the course but to actively lead in implementing specific changes in private and public policies that could produce a health care system that works for all Americans. Since the publication of this report, CED has reversed its health care policy recommendations
Exact and suboptimal reactive strategies for resource-constrained project scheduling with uncertain resource availabilities.
In order to cope with the uncertainty inherent in practical project management, proactive and/or reactive strategies can be used. Proactive strategies try to anticipate future disruptions by incorporating slack time or excess resource availability into the schedule, whereas reactive strategies react after a disruption happened and try to revert to a feasible schedule. Traditionally, reactive approaches have focused on obtaining a good schedule with respect to the original objective function or a schedule that deviates as little as possible from the baseline schedule. In this paper, we present various approaches, exact as well as heuristic, for optimizing the latter objective and thus encouraging schedule stability. Furthermore, in contrast to traditional rescheduling algorithms, we present a new heuristic that also takes future uncertainty into account when repairing the schedule. We consider a variant of the resource- constrained project scheduling problem in which the uncertainty is modeled by means of unexpected resource breakdowns. The results of an extensive computational experiment are given to compare the performance of the proposed strategies.Schedule stability; Stability; Algorithms; Heuristic; Uncertainty; Project scheduling; Scheduling; Performance; Strategy; Order; Project management; Management; Time;
- âŠ