Countermeasures against a side-channel attack in a kernel memory

We proposed a zero-contention in cache lines a cache policy between REE and TEE to prevent from TruSpy attacks in a kernel memory of an embedded system. We suggested that delay time of data path of REE is equal or similar to that of data path of TEE to prevent timing side-channel attacks

Essays In Industrial Organization And Applied Microeconomics

This dissertation consists of three essays in the areas of Industrial Organization and Applied Microeconomics. The first essay studies high-tech firms\u27 product portfolio choices under competition. I develop a model of dynamic portfolio adjustments in the context of the Chinese smartphone market, using the product life cycle as an empirically tractable heuristic to capture firms\u27 dynamic incentives in new product introductions. I first show that product life cycles endogenously arise in markets with rapid technological innovations, are heterogeneous across products, and are affected by the level of market competition. I then estimate smartphone demand and manufacturers\u27 variable, maintenance and sunk introduction costs on a detailed monthly market-level dataset of Chinese smartphones between 2009 and 2014. Finally, I use a 2012 large-scale pro-competitive policy introduced by the Chinese government as an experiment to decompose the handset manufacturers\u27 incentives to introduce new products and show that the increased competition reduces the average product\u27s short-run profits by 5% but its lifetime profits by 41% by shrinking its product life cycle. These dynamic incentives have large implications for both consumer welfare gains from product variety and the speed of technology adoption in this market. In the second essay, my co-authors and I explore the sensitivity of the U.S. government\u27s ongoing incentive auction to multi-license ownership by broadcasters. We document significant broadcast TV license purchases by private equity firms prior to the auction and perform a prospective analysis of the effect of ownership concentration on auction outcomes. We find that multi-license holders are able to raise spectrum acquisition costs by 22% by strategically withholding some of their licenses to increase the price for their remaining licenses. We analyze a potential rule change that reduces the distortion in payouts to license holders by up to 80%, but find that lower participation could greatly increase payouts and exacerbate strategic effects. The third essay studies whether liberalizations of gun permits in the U.S. deterred violent crimes. Setting off an ongoing controversy, Lott and Mustard (1997) famously contended that so-called shall-issue laws (SILs) deterred violent crime. In this controversy the weapon of choice has been the differences-in-differences (DD) estimator applied to state and county panel data spanning various intervals of time. By treating violent crime as a career choice, this essay brings to bear a more general method, a cohort panel data model (CPDM) that incorporates the fundamental dynamic insights regarding entering and exiting a career. Our model distinguishes among three key parameters that jointly determine the effect of SILs on crime, (i) a direct effect on entry decisions, (ii) a surprise effect on exit decisions by individuals who entered criminal careers prior to the passage of SILs, and (iii) a selection effect on exit decisions by those who entered in the presence of SILs. We find significant and time-invariant results that reject the deterrence hypothesis as well as the DD model specification. Our results suggest that passages of SILs contribute to about one third of total violent crimes in 2011, particularly through higher turnover of violent criminals

Studies on the function of the human adrenal cortex in obesity and Cushing's syndrome

It is now well established that either primary or secondary effects of the adrenocortical hormones affect the kidney function, sweat and saliva, cardiovascular system, nervous system, muscle function, carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, fat metabolism, vitamin metabolism, electrolyte and water metabolism, lymphoid tissue, reticuloendothelial and mast cells, blood and bone marrow, malignancy, bone, skin and hair, appetite, resistance to damage, cellular reaction to inflammation and injury, sensitivity and antigen-antibody reactions, susceptibility to infection,thyroid gland, gonads and lactation (Pincus, 1962). Thus, it seems that there are few, if any, tissues or bodily processes which are not influenced by adrenocortical hormones.However, we owe our present-day concept of the importance of the adrenal cortex to the early observation of Addison (1855) who described the clinical features of the disease bearing his name, and who suggested that these glands are essential to health and that death occurred in their absence.Soon after, Brown-Sequard (1856) proved the vital importance of the adrenal glands by his studies of the effects of bilateral adrenalectomy in experimental animals. But it was not until the beginning of this century that serious attempts were made to prolong the life span of adrenalectomised animals by injection of the adrenocortical extract.The success of these experiments started an avalanche of investigations aiming at isolation and chemical identification of the active principle. Thus in 1930 an extract of the adrenal cortex was prepared simultaneously by two groups of workers; Hartman and Brownell, and Swingle and Pfiffner, and soon after, isolation of the Individual active hormones began . It was the work of Wintersteiner, Kendall, Reichstein and their associates (Wintersteiner and Ffiffnsr, 1936; Mason et al, 1937; Mason et al, 1938; Reichstein and Schoppee, 1943) that made possible the chemical identification of a large group of the adrenocortical hormones and shed more light on their physiological significance. Since then, more than sixty adrenocortical hormones have been isolated and identified.Semiquantitative tests for the assessment of adrenocortical function, by making use of the laboratory animals, started in 1938 when Anderson and Haymaker prolonged the life of adrenalectoraised dogs by injecting them with sera from patients suffering from Cushing's syndrome; adrenalectomised dogs injected with sera from normal subjects acted as controls. Other biological tests were also used in these early days, such as assessment of the degree of protection from exposure to cold after injection of serum, the use of urinary extracts to measure the survival time of adrenalectomised rats on exposure to cold, the degree of deposition of liver glycogen in fasting adrenalectomised rats, the extent of fall of circulating eosinophils in the adrenalectomised mice or the degree of sodium retention and potassium excretion in the adrenalectomised rats.Chemical tests for the quantitative estimation of adrenocortical function started in 1945 when Talbot and co-workers estimated the urinary corticosteroids by a colorimetric reaction and Hemphill and Reiss (1947) using the same colorimetric reaction to estimate corticosteroids in blood. These methods lacked specificity but, since then, marked advances in the field of chemical analysis and estimation of adrenocortical hormones have occurred with the result that a great number of simple and reliable tests of adrenocortical function have been introduced. These tests are nowadays of an immense help to both the clinician, helping him to combat the various adrenocortical dysfunctions, and the biochemist, helping him to clarify further the role of the adrenal cortex in human life

Portland Daily Press: May 16, 1900

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