169 research outputs found
Optically Powered Highly Energy-efficient Sensor Networks
In optically powered networks, both, communication signals and power for remotely located sensor nodes, are transmitted over an optical fiber. Key features of optically powered networks are node operation without local power supplies or batteries as well as operation with negligible susceptibility to electro-magnetic interference and to lightning. In this book, different kinds of optically powered devices and networks are investigated, and selected applications are demonstrated
Wireless sensor networks
Wireless sensor networks promise an unprecedented fine-grained interface between the virtual and the physical world. They are one of the most rapidly developing new information technologies, with applications in a wide range of fields including industrial process control, security and surveillance, environmental sensing, and structural health monitoring.
The subject of this project is motivated by the urgent need to provide a comprehensive and organized survey of the field. It shows how the core challenges of energy efficiency, robustness, and autonomy are addressed in these systems by networking techniques across multiple layers.
The topics covered include network deployment, wireless characteristics, time synchronization, congestion and error control, medium access, standards, topology control, routing, security, data transfer, transport protocols and new technologies and materials in fabricating sensors
FPGA based reconfigurable body area network using Nios II and uClinux
This research is focused on identifying an appropriate design for a reconfigurable
Body Area Network (BAN).
In order to investigate the benefits and drawbacks of the proposed design, a BAN
system prototype was built. This system consists of two distinct node types: a slave
node and a master node. These nodes communicate using ZigBee radio transceivers.
The microcontroller-based slave node acquires sensor data and transmits digitized
samples to the master node. The master node is FPGA-based and runs uClinux on
a soft-core microcontroller. The purpose of the master node is to receive, process
and store digitized sensor data. In order to verify the operation of the BAN system
prototype and demonstrate reconfigurability, a specific application was required.
Pattern recognition in electrocardiogram (ECG) data was the application used in
this work and the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database was used as the known data source
for verification. A custom test platform was designed and built for the purpose of
injecting data from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database into the BAN system.
The BAN system designed and built in this work demonstrates the ability to record
raw ECG data, detect R-peaks, calculate and record R-R intervals, detect premature
ventricular and atrial contractions. As this thesis will identify, many aspects of this
BAN system were designed to be highly reconfigurable allowing it to be used for a
wide range of BAN applications, in addition to pattern recognition of ECG data
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