3,358 research outputs found
Maximizing Welfare in Social Networks under a Utility Driven Influence Diffusion Model
Motivated by applications such as viral marketing, the problem of influence
maximization (IM) has been extensively studied in the literature. The goal is
to select a small number of users to adopt an item such that it results in a
large cascade of adoptions by others. Existing works have three key
limitations. (1) They do not account for economic considerations of a user in
buying/adopting items. (2) Most studies on multiple items focus on competition,
with complementary items receiving limited attention. (3) For the network
owner, maximizing social welfare is important to ensure customer loyalty, which
is not addressed in prior work in the IM literature. In this paper, we address
all three limitations and propose a novel model called UIC that combines
utility-driven item adoption with influence propagation over networks. Focusing
on the mutually complementary setting, we formulate the problem of social
welfare maximization in this novel setting. We show that while the objective
function is neither submodular nor supermodular, surprisingly a simple greedy
allocation algorithm achieves a factor of of the optimum
expected social welfare. We develop \textsf{bundleGRD}, a scalable version of
this approximation algorithm, and demonstrate, with comprehensive experiments
on real and synthetic datasets, that it significantly outperforms all
baselines.Comment: 33 page
Sustainability in FinTechs: An Explanation through Business Model Scalability and Market Valuation
Framework: Financial Technology (FinTech) is an industry composed of diversified firms
that combine financial services with innovative technologies. The research question and main goal are
attempting to answer whether they are more similar to traditional banks or trendy technological firms
deploying their innovativeness to favor financial inclusion and sustainability. Justification: Evaluators
may wonder if FinTechs follow the typical evaluation patterns of bank/financial intermediaries or
those of technological firms. Preliminary empirical evidence shows that the latter interpretation
is the one consistent with the stock-market mood. Objective: This study goes beyond the extant
literature, analyzing the differences between FinTechs and traditional banks in market valuation,
and showing the potential for digital interaction and cross-pollination of complementary business
models. Methodology: The differences will be empirically analyzed with the stock market valuation
and the multipliers associated with these firms. Results: The main contribution of this paper is that
the appraisal approaches of FinTechs follow those of technological startups, having a revenue model
much more scalable than that of a typical bank. FinTechs may so provide a solution for sustainable
finance with microfinance and crowdfunding among others. FinTechs and traditional banks may
eventually converge towards a common market exploiting co-opetition strategies
Justicia: A Stochastic SAT Approach to Formally Verify Fairness
As a technology ML is oblivious to societal good or bad, and thus, the field
of fair machine learning has stepped up to propose multiple mathematical
definitions, algorithms, and systems to ensure different notions of fairness in
ML applications. Given the multitude of propositions, it has become imperative
to formally verify the fairness metrics satisfied by different algorithms on
different datasets. In this paper, we propose a \textit{stochastic
satisfiability} (SSAT) framework, Justicia, that formally verifies different
fairness measures of supervised learning algorithms with respect to the
underlying data distribution. We instantiate Justicia on multiple
classification and bias mitigation algorithms, and datasets to verify different
fairness metrics, such as disparate impact, statistical parity, and equalized
odds. Justicia is scalable, accurate, and operates on non-Boolean and compound
sensitive attributes unlike existing distribution-based verifiers, such as
FairSquare and VeriFair. Being distribution-based by design, Justicia is more
robust than the verifiers, such as AIF360, that operate on specific test
samples. We also theoretically bound the finite-sample error of the verified
fairness measure.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures, 5 theorem
Modeling Variability in the Video Domain: Language and Experience Report
This paper reports about a new domain-specific variability modeling language, called VM, resulting from the close collaboration with industrial partners in the video domain. We expose the requirements and advanced variability constructs required to characterize and realize variations of physical properties of a video (such as objects' speed or scene illumination). The results of our experiments and industrial experience show that VM is effective to model complex variability information and can be exploited to synthesize video variants. We concluded that basic variability mechanisms are useful but not enough, attributes and multi-features are of prior importance, and meta-information is relevant for efficient variability analysis. In addition, we questioned the existence of one-size-fits-all variability modeling solution applicable in any industry. Yet, some common needs for modeling variability are becoming apparent such as support for attributes and multi-features.Ce document dĂ©crit un nouveau langage de modĂ©lisation dĂ©diĂ©e Ă la variabilitĂ©, appelĂ© VM, rĂ©sultant de la collaboration avec des partenaires industriels dans le domaine de la vidĂ©o. Nous exposons les exigences et les constructions de la variabilitĂ© avancĂ©es requises pour caractĂ©riser et implĂ©menter les variations des propriĂ©tĂ©s physiques d'une vidĂ©o (tels que la vitesse des objets ou l'illumination de la scĂšne). Les rĂ©sultats de nos expĂ©rimentations et de l'expĂ©rience industrielle montrent que VM est efficace pour modĂ©liser l'information de variabilitĂ© complexe et peut ĂȘtre exploitĂ©e pour synthĂ©tiser des variantes de vidĂ©o. Nous avons conclu que les mĂ©canismes basiques de la variabilitĂ© sont certes utiles, mais insuffisants. Les attributs et multi-caractĂ©ristiques sont nĂ©cessaires alors que les mĂ©ta-informations sont pertinentes pour une analyse efficace de la variabilitĂ©. En s'appuyant sur notre expĂ©rience, nous mettons en doute l'existence d'une solution de modĂ©lisation de la variabilitĂ© applicable Ă n'importe quelle industrie et domaine. NĂ©anmoins, certains besoins communs pour la modĂ©lisation de la variabilitĂ© Ă sont apparents, comme le support pour les attributs et multi-caractĂ©ristiques
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