Software cost estimation

The paper gives an overview of the state of the art of software cost estimation (SCE). The main questions to be answered in the paper are: (1) What are the reasons for overruns of budgets and planned durations? (2) What are the prerequisites for estimating? (3) How can software development effort be estimated? (4) What can software project management expect from SCE models, how accurate are estimations which are made using these kind of models, and what are the pros and cons of cost estimation models

The Effectivity Of Public Services Based On Smart Goverment In Bukit Raya Distric Pekanbaru City

The Bukit Raya District in Pekanbaru City is the first sub-district to implement one of the pillars, namely E-Government, from the realization of the Pekanbaru City Vision, also known as the Smart City Madani concept. The Bukit Raya District Government of Pekanbaru City, based on Pekanbaru Mayor Regulation Number 56 of 2019, has made a transformation in the form of various public service innovations by utilizing the use of IT technology to facilitate services as one of the indicators of the pillars of smart government (Smart Government) with the vision of working hard, being disciplined, creative, innovative, and having an entrepreneurial spirit and spirit. This is intended to create clean governance and the realization of good governance in order to provide quality, fast, precise, cheap, and good public services. The research problem that will be answered is how effective the transformation of public services based on Smart Government is applied in Bukit Raya District, Pekanbaru City. The theory used refers to the opinion of Bryson (2002) about hexagonal services, which rests on the assumption that services that are considered effective must go through a market test in the Service Management System. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Relevant analysis methods are performance analysis techniques, individual experiences, and institutional behavior (Moeleong, 2006; Bugin, 2011). The results showed that the effectiveness of the transformation of public services based on "Smart-Government" carried out by the Bukit Raya District Government in Pekanbaru City was classified as less effective. This is due to, the service management system factor, which has relatively many application menus and makes it difficult for users; limited human resources in the field of information technology; limited smartphone ownership; data and information that is less continuous and transparent about development programs; and others. In addition, the online-based service designs are not supported by a database of community needs, so that people still feel less satisfied, less fluent, and less able to do business. Research recommendations include simplifying the standard standards of smart-government-based public service systems into one internet website application with a comprehensive menu of applications according to the needs of the community

What kind of tools are needed for Configuration Management in Aircraft Industry?

There is little literature on the use of Configuration Management (CM) in the Aviation Industry. However, it can be very useful today, where complexity to manufacture aircraft is increasing, and application of CM is very fitted. The pieces of the aircraft are manufactured in different countries, even the same parts are assembled in different countries and factories. Designs in different materials and increasingly lightweight, but do not increase the complexity, and it connects to customers seeking very different versions of the same model, which are changing over the years. The main objective of the study is what tools are used to implement the CM in the aviation industry, with an immediate industrial applicability. Furthermore it is intended that the tools are easy to use, economical and are available on the market, what has been observed throughout the study. CM is a discipline that is born from the necessity to assure control in the complex processes relationships. The results included, from the point of view of the change process phases, the activities made for each tool are underhand in several ones, for this reason is difficult to make a distinction of the tools involved in each phas

The impact of machine learning on the efficiency of the B2B sales service in pharmaceutical companies

The explanatory study examines the possible value of Machine Learning in the B2B sales process in pharmaceutical companies. Sales representatives accounting for a wide range of activities, suffering from time consuming and repetitive tasks. This study investigates the potential of Machine Learning applications for B2B sales in order to facilitate sales representative’s daily tasks and enhance the entire sales process. The results have been obtained through qualitative research based on 8 interviews with AI-experts, pharma consultants and sales representatives as well as secondary data in form of academic articles and reports. The findings reveal that, compared to other departments, ML-applications in B2B sales are less applied at the current stage, but mostly in the customer service process. The interviews have shown that the usage of ML-applications is possible within all steps of the sales process and enhances its overall efficiency and effectivity in terms of time, costs and quality. Furthermore, tasks which increase the efficiency of the sales department through ML applications are outlined. By applying ML within the B2B sales process, the daily work of sales representatives can be facilitated, which ultimately could not only have a positive impact on customer satisfaction, but also on employee commitment leading to competitive advantage in the price intense environment of the pharmaceutical industry.O presente estudo foca-se na possível importância da Aprendizagem Automática no serviço de vendas B2B em Empresas Farmacêuticas. Representantes de vendas responsáveis por uma grande variedade de actividades, afectados pelas demoradas e longas tarefas. Esta dissertação examina o potêncial da Aprendizagem Automática nas vendas B2B a fim de facilitar as tarefas diárias dos representantes de vendas, e de melhorar ainda todo o processo de vendas. Os resultados são obtidos através de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em 10 entrevistas com AI-experts, consultantes farmacêuticos e representantes de vendas, assim como fichas de dados provenientes de artigos e relatórios. Os resultados revelam que, em comparação com outros departamentos, a aplicação da Aprendizagem Automática em vendas B2B são actualmente menos aplicadas, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao atendimento ao cliente. As entrevistas mostraram que o uso da Aprendizagem Automática é possível em todas as fases do processo de vendas sendo que melhora toda a sua eficiência e efetividade em termos de tempo, custos e qualidade. Posteriormente, as tarefas de vendas mais eficientes dentro das farmácias estão estabelecidas; pelo que, a introdução da Aprendizagem Automática dentro do processo de vendas B2B poderá facilitar e, inclusive, melhorar o trabalho dos representantes de vendas, sendo que esta otimazação poderá, por conseguinte, não só ter um impacto positivo na satisfação do cliente como também no compromisso dos empregados originando, desta forma, uma vantagem competitiva face ao intenso ambiente de preços na industria farmacêutica