Blockchain Education Concept 4.0: Student-Centered iLearning Blockchain Framework

Technological developments encourage digitization in the learning process. Inversely proportional to the results of competency evaluation which are still centralized. Cause competitiveness and competence of students that are not measured quantitatively. The application of micro-teaching can be an option in solving existing problems. Combining gamification and blockchain makes the learning process more enjoyable with game techniques, where activities such as learning, lecture assignments, and assessments are documented transparently and have reliable security. This student-centered learning process is called GamiChain (Gamification Blockchain). This blockchain gamification-based learning application is also an important activity that can be a brilliant breakthrough in education. This application aims to encourage the student creativity ecosystem, to make students have a more competitive spirit to compete with maximum capabilities. And can display learning outcomes in the form of certificates that are accurate in authenticity and can be used in the industrial world. GamiChain can form an official standard of learning by documenting lectures permanently, transparently, and distributed formally and informally into the Blockchain network with the help of smart contracts. The Gamification method in education is used in this research. Results Evaluation of blockchain application in education through GamiChain (Gamification Blockchain) can benefit universities to create official certifications and increase confidence in student scores transparently and sustainably that they can control

Fintech Trends Relationships Research: A Bibliometric Citation Meta-Analysis

This paper presents a review among how scholarly research on Fintech trends relationships has evolved over the past years by conducting a bibliometric citation. This literature analysis was based on the publication journals and articles in the ISI Web of Science databases. We show the impact of cited journals, key articles and outline possible future research avenues. Also, we map how the top publications are related in terms of their citation relationships and identify six different research fields, or lines of enquiry: (1) Payments, (2) Insurance, (3) Deposit & Lending, (4) Capital Raising, (5) Investment Management, (6) Market Provisioning. The study explores rankings of fintech-related journals list the first six journals had contributed eighty percentage of published papers, and concerned with the roles of information and communication technologies in the economy and society. Focusing on the research frontiers in finance, our paper identifies emerging research trends. We highlight possible pathways for researchers to build on existing knowledge and pursue opportunities for innovative and exciting new research contributing to an expansion of the research frontiers

Tourism 4.0: Challenges in Marketing a Paradigm Shift

Since the early beginnings people have been traveling and tourism industry has been always adapting to the social and technological development. In the era of digitalization, it needs to adapt again. Around 1.3 billion persons are traveling yearly around the world. Thus, a small change in this sector has a huge impact on the whole society. We propose a new paradigm, Tourism 4.0, appearing with the quest to unlock the innovation potential in the whole tourism sector. This will be done with the help of key enabling technologies from the Industry 4.0, such as Internet of Things, Big Data, Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. By establishing a collaborative ecosystem involving local inhabitants, local authority, tourists, service providers and government, we can co-create an enriched tourism experience in both the physical and the digital world. With this, we can shift from tourist-centered focus to a tourism-centered focus around the local community. Who is the consumer in this new paradigm of tourism and what is the role of marketing in a paradigm shift? The chapter will analyze the current development and present the main shifts due to it

Decentralizing Science: Towards an Interoperable Open Peer Review Ecosystem using Blockchain

Science publication and its Peer Review system strongly rely on a few major industry players controlling most journals (e.g. Elsevier), databases (e.g. Scopus) and metrics (e.g. JCR Impact Factor), while keeping most articles behind paywalls. Critics to such system include concerns about fairness, quality, performance, cost, unpaid labor, transparency, and accuracy of the evaluation process. The Open Access movement has tried to provide free access to the published research articles, but most of the aforementioned issues remain. In such context, decentralized technologies such as blockchain offer an opportunity to experiment with new models for science production and dissemination relying on a decentralized infrastructure, aiming to tackle multiple of the current system shortcomings. This paper makes a proposal for an interoperable decentralized system for an open peer review ecosystem, relying on emerging distributed technologies such as blockchain and IPFS. Such system, named ``Decentralized Science'' (DecSci), aims to enable a decentralized reviewer reputation system, which relies on an Open Access by-design infrastructure, together with transparent governance processes. Two prototypes have been implemented: a proof-of-concept prototype to validate DecSci's technological feasibility, and a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) prototype co-designed with journal editors. In addition, three evaluations have been carried out: an exploratory survey to assess interest on the issues tackled, a set of interviews to confirm the main problems for editors, and another set of interviews to validate the MVP prototype. Additionally, the paper discusses the multiple interoperability challenges such proposal faces, including an architecture to tackle them. This work finishes with a review of some of the open challenges that this ambitious proposal may face

Humanitarian practice fit for the digital age

This essay seeks to examine some of the implications of advanced digital technologies on the humanitarian sector. It first situates data and technology-driven transformations in the broader context of humanitarian innovation and reform. It outlines how the increasing scale and complexity of humanitarian needs and operating environments has led to experimentation with new tools and approaches, business models and organisational roles in the sector. These innovations are occurring against the background of the localisation agenda, competition from the private sector, collapsing trust in institutions, and increased scrutiny of charities. The essay then highlights how technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, biometrics, and blockchain are increasing the capacity of the sector to improve humanitarian outcomes for people in crisis through new functionalities and services, greater insights into emerging vulnerabilities and risks, and enhanced organisational performance. Conversely, the essay then explores how these tools and systems are introducing a host of potential harms by exposing vulnerable people and communities to new forms of intrusion, insecurity, and inequality. This includes issues of data protection, cyber security, inherent biases in technological tools, and the reality of the digital divide and exclusion. Lastly, the essay outlines an emerging critical research agenda and active policy debates about responsible, ethical and inclusive design, use and regulation of technology in humanitarian contexts

PLACING A BID: A COMPARISON OF THE TRADITIONAL MARKETPLACE (STOCKS) AND NON-TRADITIONAL MARKETS (NFTS)

Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) are exploding in the marketplace and are not losing momentum anytime soon. Artists, athletes, celebrities, and even brands and luxury houses are rolling out NFTs. With this excitement, a great deal of profit is being generated; the market cap of NFTs is expected to grow from $3 billion in 2022 to$13.6 billion in 2027 (a compound annual growth rate of 35 percent).1 Blockchain technologies are an empowering platform for democratization of financial instruments and transactions. Cryptocurrency has received some regulation from the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), but clarity and regulation of NFTs have yet to be developed. A key hurdle around deciding whether to regulate NFTs stems from categorization of NFTs as commodities or securities or neither. This paper is not meant to propose any substantive regulatory or legal policies; rather, to investigate the foundation of NFTs and the ecosystem it occupies in order to begin to think about whether to regulate them. With that said, I attempt to introduce a framework of factors that I utilize to analyze whether NFTs are more like stocks, less like stocks, or not at all like stocks in terms of their ability to act as a security. The factors that are weighed are: valuation strategies or ecosystems (such as social media and trading bots), platform or transactional capacity (such as blockchain as a platform, brokerages and exchanges), and finally investment potential or the expectation of investment (such as risk and profitability). This is the first part of my two-part analysis. Because I conclude NFT markets do not look like traditional markets in certain key respects, I look to analyze NFTs under the Howey Test under an investment contract catch-all instead. In sum, NFTs can be a security under the Howey Test, I analyze the Bored Ape Yacht Club NFT as a case study of this. The promise of community and buying into a community with perks, clout and influence, as well as potential profit off the NFT itself satisfies the elements of the Howey Test