73 research outputs found

    Design and implementation of a human-robot collaborative assembly workstation in a modular robotized production line

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    Over the last decades, the Industrial Automation domain at factory shop floors experienced an exponential growth in the use of robots. The objective of such change aims to increase the efficiency at reasonable cost. However, not all the tasks formerly performed by humans in factories, are fully substituted by robots nowadays, specially the ones requiring high-level of dexterity. In fact, Europe is moving towards implementing efficient work spaces were humans can work safely, aided by robots. In this context, industrial and research sectors have ambitious plans to achieve solutions that involve coexistence and simultaneity at work between humans and collaborative robots, a.k.a. “cobots” or co-robots, for permitting a safe interaction for the same or interrelated manufacturing processes. Many cobot producers started to present their products, but those arrived before the industry have clear and several needs of this particular technology. This work presents an approach about how to demonstrate human-robot collaborative manufacturing? How to implement a dual-arm human-robot collaborative workstation? How to integrate a human-robot collaborative workstation into a modular interconnected production line? and What are the advantages and challenges of current HRC technologies at the shop floor? by documenting the formulation of a human-robot collaborative assembly process, implemented by designing and building an assembly workstation that exemplifies a scenario of interaction between a dual arm cobot and a human operator, in order to assembly a product box, as a part of a large-scale modular robotized production line. The model produced by this work is part of the research facilities at the Future Automation Systems and Technologies Laboratory in Tampere University

    Kollaboratív robotok ipari alkalmazása - áttekintés

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    Az emberek és a robotok közötti együttműködésre már az első ipari robotkarok megjelenése óta igény jelentkezik. Ennek az együttműködésnek számos fizikai, jogszabályi, illetve szabványi feltétele van. Ebben a cikkben bemutatásra kerül milyen arányban használják az iparban az együttműködő robotkarokat, továbbá leírja milyen formái léteznek az ilyen jellegű ember-gép kapcsolatnak. Megvizsgálja, hogy mely szabályozásoknak kell megfelelnie a kollaboratív robot biztonságos és szabványos tervezése és üzemeltetése esetén, alapul véve az “ISO/TS 15066 Robotok és robotszerkezetek. Kollaboratív robotok” technikai specifikációt. Ezt követően alkalmazási példákon keresztül kerülnek bemutatásra különböző megoldások, esettanulmányok. Végezetül értékelésre kerül milyen lehetséges irányok mutatkoznak az ember-robot együttműködés során, figyelembevéve az átalakulóban lévő „2006/42/EK” Gépdirektívát. Abstract: There is a demand to collaborate between the human and robot, from the appearance of the first industrial robots. This collaboration has a lot of physical, legal, and standards aspects. This paper describes the proportion of collaborative robotic arms used in the industry, moreover it presents the forms of this type of human-machine relationship. Examination of the regulations to be followed is presented for the safe, standard design and operation of a collaborative robot, based on “ISO / TS 15066 Robots and Robotics. Collaborative robots." technical specification. After that, various solutions and case studies are presented through application examples. Finally, the possible directions for human-robot collaboration will be assessed, taking into account the evolving "Machinery Directive - 2006/42/EC"

    Robots learn to behave: improving human-robot collaboration in flexible manufacturing applications

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    L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

    Worker-robot cooperation and integration into the manufacturing workcell via the holonic control architecture

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    Cooperative manufacturing is a new field of research, which addresses new challenges beyond the physical safety of the worker. Those new challenges appear due to the need to connect the worker and the cobot from the informatics point of view in one cooperative workcell. This requires developing an appropriate manufacturing control system, which fits the nature of both the worker and the cobot. Furthermore, the manufacturing control system must be able to understand the production variations, to guide the cooperation between worker and the cobot and adapt with the production variations.Die kooperative Fertigung ist ein neues Forschungsgebiet, das sich neuen Herausforderungen stellt. Diese neuen Herausforderungen ergeben sich aus der Notwendigkeit, den Arbeiter und den Cobot aus der Sicht der Informatik in einem kooperativen Arbeitsplatz zu verbinden. Dies erfordert die Entwicklung eines geeigneten Produktionskontrollsystems, das sowohl der Natur des Arbeiters als auch der des Cobots entspricht. Darüber hinaus muss die Fertigungssteuerung in der Lage sein, die Produktionsschwankungen zu verstehen, um die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Arbeiter und Cobot zu steuern

    Comfort, Acceptance, and Preferences: The Designing of a Human-Robot Workstation that Puts the Human First

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    The purely manual versions of manufacturing are becoming less common, and automation is increasing. With mass production moving towards mass customization this change is inevitable. However, a future of automation does not mean that operators are going to be replaced. In fact, it means that operators’ jobs are about to become more meaningful and value adding for themselves and the company. Soon majority of the jobs where operators do the repetitive mindless task of a robot will be gone. It is time for Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) to advance the assembly process to the next level. Human-robot teams will be formed to combine their individual strengths and compensate for their individual weaknesses. The success of human-robot collaboration heavily depends on the operator’s acceptance of the robot. Unfortunately, operators are worried about robots taking their jobs, diminishing their self-worth, and putting them in danger. To mitigate these concerns the objective of this thesis is to model the design requirements of a human-robot collaborative assembly station that appeals to operator comfort and acceptance while still supporting the needs of production. A combination of fulfilling requirements, providing the operator with a better understanding of the robot’s capabilities, and providing the operator with limited control could lead to an improved interaction between operators and robots. Operator feedback was obtained from professionals in industry through surveys and structured interviews. Then the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) tool was used to translate the vague operator requirements captured in the survey responses and interviews into product-relevant parameters that designers and engineers can apply. The nine operator requirements derived for working with robots are safety, dependability, value-adding, controllability, helpfulness, easy to communicate with, teachable, easy to fix, and enjoyable to work with

    Smart working technologies in industry 4.0 : contributions to different manufacturing activities and workers’ skills

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    A Indústria 4.0 é considerada a quarta revolução industrial porque utiliza uma ampla integração de tecnologias de informação e de operação na fabricação industrial. Apesar dessa perspectiva tecnológica, diversos estudos vêm evidenciando a importância de considerar o fator humano para o desenvolvimento de um sistema de manufatura inteligente. Nesse sentido, a dimensão denominada como Smart Working precisa ser melhor investigada, uma vez que entender como as tecnologias afetam os trabalhadores e as habilidades desses são cruciais para o bom desempenho das fábricas. Em razão disso, o objetivo desta dissertação foi entender como as Smart Working Technologies (SWT) podem contribuir para as atividades e as habilidades dos trabalhadores da manufatura. Para tanto, primeiramente foi realizada uma análise abrangente da literatura para identificar as SWT e seus impactos nas capacidades dos trabalhadores em suas atividades de manufatura. Deste modo, foram analisados 80 artigos que relacionam as SWT em oito atividades de manufatura. Posteriormente, foi selecionada uma das SWT mais relevantes conforme a literatura, os robôs colaborativos, para identificar os efeitos das tecnologias nas habilidades dos trabalhadores. Deste modo, foram analisados 138 casos de aplicação reportados por uma das empresas fornecedoras líderes mundiais, bem como três entrevistas com empresas adotantes da tecnologia. Os resultados apontam que existem 15 SWT que podem ser implementadas nas atividades de manufatura e relacionadas às capacidades dos trabalhadores. Além disso, os resultados também apontam que podem existir quatro efeitos das SWT nas habilidades dos trabalhadores. Estes achados demonstram que de acordo com a estratégia da empresa uma SWT pode impactar de diferentes formas os trabalhadores.Industry 4.0 is considered the fourth industrial revolution because it uses a broad integration of information and operating technologies in industrial manufacturing. Despite this technological perspective, several studies have highlighted the importance of considering the human factor to develop a smart manufacturing system. In this sense, the Smart Working dimension needs to be further investigated since understanding how technologies affect workers and their skills are crucial for factories' good performance. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was to understand how Smart Working Technologies (SWT) can contribute to the activities and skills of manufacturing workers. To this end, firstly a systematic literature review was carried out to identify SWTs and their impacts on workers' capabilities in their manufacturing activities. Thus, 80 articles relating to SWT in eight manufacturing activities were analyzed. Subsequently, one of the most relevant SWTs according to the literature, collaborative robots, was selected to identify the effects of technologies on workers' skills. In this way, 138 application cases reported by one of the world's leading supplier companies were analyzed, as well as three interviews with companies that adopted the technology. The results show that there are 15 SWT that can be implemented in manufacturing activities and related to workers' capabilities. In addition, the results also point out that there may be four effects of SWT on workers' skills. According to the company's strategy, these findings demonstrate that an SWT can impact workers in different ways

    Safe navigation and human-robot interaction in assistant robotic applications

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    L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

    Kollaboratív robotok ipari alkalmazása – Áttekintés

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    There is a demand to collaborate between the human and robot, from the appearance of the first industrial robots. This collaboration has a lot of physical, legal, and standards aspects. This paper describes the proportion of collaborative robotic arms used in the industry, moreover it presents the forms of this type of human-machine relationship. Examination of the regulations to be followed is presented for the safe, standard design and operation of a collaborative robot, based on “ISO / TS 15066 Robots and Robotics. Collaborative robots." technical specification. After that, various solutions and case studies are presented through application examples. Finally, the possible directions for human-robot collaboration will be assessed, taking into account the evolving "Machinery Directive - 2006/42/EC".Az emberek és a robotok közötti együttműködésre már az első ipari robotkarok megjelenése óta igény jelentkezik. Ennek az együttműködésnek számos fizikai, jogszabályi, illetve szabványi feltétele van. Ebben a cikkben bemutatásra kerül milyen arányban használják az iparban az együttműködő robotkarokat, továbbá leírja milyen formái léteznek az ilyen jellegű ember-gép kapcsolatnak. Megvizsgálja, hogy mely szabályozásoknak kell megfelelnie a kollaboratív robot biztonságos és szabványos tervezése és üzemeltetése esetén, alapul véve az “ISO/TS 15066 Robotok és robotszerkezetek. Kollaboratív robotok” technikai specifikációt. Ezt követően alkalmazási példákon keresztül kerülnek bemutatásra különböző megoldások, esettanulmányok. Végezetül értékelésre kerül milyen lehetséges irányok mutatkoznak az ember-robot együttműködés során, figyelembevéve az átalakulóban lévő „2006/42/EK” Gépdirektívát
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