Participation in Active and Passive Music Interventions by Individuals with Alzheimer\u27s Disease and Related Dementias: Effects on Agitation

The ability of music to produce calming effects on us is well documented, and its use is becoming an increasingly accepted intervention with populations displaying agitated and disruptive behaviors, such as people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or other dementias. One reason for its widespread use is because research has demonstrated music’s efficacy in reducing agitation, and consequently disruptive behaviors, in those with AD. Prior studies on music’s effects on agitation in older people with AD have utilized either recorded music used passively, or active sessions with a music therapist or musicians, but none have compared the effects of each type of intervention. The purpose of the current study is to examine music’s effects on levels of agitation in people with AD or other dementias. The research design is quasi-experimental, utilizing a convenience sample of people with AD who live at home and are cared for by an informal caregiver. The current study is unique in several ways. First, past studies of music interventions with people with AD and related dementias have used either passive or active interventions, but have not compared the effects of both as the current study attempts to do. Next, past studies of music therapy with people with dementia have not examined how participation during the music sessions affects agitated behaviors. Past studies have demonstrated variations in participants’ responses to music therapy and activities, and this may be due to whether or not the participant is actually engaged with the intervention. This study assesses engagement by including participation as a variable. Lastly, the current study utilizes a unique sample of people with AD and related dementias who will continue to live at home during the course of the study

Immunization and Autism of Children 3 to 16 Years Old in Rumah Autis Bekasi

Autism is defined as neurology disorder affecting brain functionalities so that resulting communication, social interaction, behavior difficulties and the symptom appears before age 3. This study is aimed at understanding the factors related to autism cases in Rumah Autis Bekasi. Methods: There variables in this study namely, independent variable was immunization and dependent variable was autism and confounding variable were genetic, parents’ age, maternal health history during pregnancy, and medication during pregnancy. Primary data collected through questionaire and interview to the families of autism. This is a case study on 60 samples divided into 30 samples of autism in Rumah Autis and 30 samples of normal people living nearby with the proportion 1:1. The data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate using chi square test, and multivariate statistical analysis using regresi logistic. The results show that there is no correlation between immunization history and the autism with p-value 0.774>0.05. There is a correlation between the father’s age and the autism with p-value 0.038<0.05 and OR 0.333,there is a significant relationship between maternal health history and autism with p-value 0.038<0.05 and OR 3.763 and multivariate analysis shows that the most dominant variable is maternal health history with p-value 0.019 and OR 13.496. This study suggests that the pregnant women should check up their condition if there are some health problems and taking medication without doctor’s prescription. Keyword: Immunization, Autism, Children 3 to 16 years ol

Microbial contamination and efficacy of disinfection procedures of companion robots in care homes

Background Paro and other robot animals can improve wellbeing for older adults and people with dementia, through reducing depression, agitation and medication use. However, nursing and care staff we contacted expressed infection control concerns. Little related research has been published. We assessed (i) how microbiologically contaminated robot animals become during use by older people within a care home and (ii) efficacy of a cleaning procedure. Methods This study had two stages. In stage one we assessed microbial load on eight robot animals after interaction with four care home residents, and again following cleaning by a researcher. Robot animals provided a range of shell-types, including fur, soft plastic, and solid plastic. Stage two involved a similar process with two robot animals, but a care staff member conducted cleaning. The cleaning process involved spraying with anti-bacterial product, brushing fur-type shells, followed by vigorous top-to-tail cleaning with anti-bacterial wipes on all shell types. Two samples were taken from each of eight robots in stage one and two robots in stage two (20 samples total). Samples were collected using contact plate stamping and evaluated using aerobic colony count and identification (gram stain, colony morphology, coagulase agglutination). Colony counts were measured by colony forming units per square centimetre (CFU/cm2). Results Most robots acquired microbial loads well above an acceptable threshold of 2.5 CFU/cm2 following use. The bacteria identified were micrococcus species, coagulase negative staphylococcus, diptheriods, aerobic spore bearers, and staphylococcus aureus, all of which carry risk for human health. For all devices the CFU/cm2 reduced to well within accepted limits following cleaning by both researcher and care staff member. Conclusions Companion robots will acquire significant levels of bacteria during normal use. The simple cleaning procedure detailed in this study reduced microbial load to acceptable levels in controlled experiments. Further work is needed in the field and to check the impact on the transmission of viruses

Microbial contamination and efficacy of disinfection procedures of companion robots in care homes

Contains fulltext : 221797.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Background: Paro and other robot animals can improve wellbeing for older adults and people with dementia, through reducing depression, agitation and medication use. However, nursing and care staff we contacted expressed infection control concerns. Little related research has been published. We assessed (i) how microbiologically contaminated robot animals become during use by older people within a care home and (ii) efficacy of a cleaning procedure. Methods: This study had two stages. In stage one we assessed microbial load on eight robot animals after interaction with four care home residents, and again following cleaning by a researcher. Robot animals provided a range of shell-types, including fur, soft plastic, and solid plastic. Stage two involved a similar process with two robot animals, but a care staff member conducted cleaning. The cleaning process involved spraying with anti-bacterial product, brushing fur-type shells, followed by vigorous top-to-tail cleaning with anti-bacterial wipes on all shell types. Two samples were taken from each of eight robots in stage one and two robots in stage two (20 samples total). Samples were collected using contact plate stamping and evaluated using aerobic colony count and identification (gram stain, colony morphology, coagulase agglutination). Colony counts were measured by colony forming units per square centimetre (CFU/cm2). Results: Most robots acquired microbial loads well above an acceptable threshold of 2.5 CFU/cm2 following use. The bacteria identified were micrococcus species, coagulase negative staphylococcus, diptheriods, aerobic spore bearers, and staphylococcus aureus, all of which carry risk for human health. For all devices the CFU/cm2 reduced to well within accepted limits following cleaning by both researcher and care staff member. Conclusions: Companion robots will acquire significant levels of bacteria during normal use. The simple cleaning procedure detailed in this study reduced microbial load to acceptable levels in controlled experiments. Further work is needed in the field and to check the impact on the transmission of viruses.17 p

Impact sensory stimulation interventions have on transitions for children with disabilities in aquatic therapy

This study examines children with ASD, and the impact sensory stimulation techniques have in an aquatic therapy setting on transitional behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of sensory stimulation interventions on transition difficulty between tasks in children with ASD. The main focus was to observe behavioral outcomes and the impact agitator jets have on transitions in a child with ASD. This study provided valuable information to both aquatic therapy settings and individuals with ASD. The design for this case report was quantitative, as it assessed observational behaviors based on the assessment for data collection. Data collection conducted by multiple researchers through observations. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Inter-Rater Reliability of Cohen’s Kappa utilizing SPSS. This single-subject case design involved one individual diagnosed with ASD, who utilized RT treatment in an aquatic setting. The significance of this study provided insight into transition difficulties for individuals with ASD and a way to decrease negative behaviors seen when transitioning from task to task

Relationship of Attitude about Premarital Pregnancy and the Incidence of Premarital Pregnancies in Kulon Progo 2015

Based on Kulon Progo Health Department report in 2012, there were 25% of brides were positively pregnant. In 2013, around 44% of brides were already pregnant. Pre-marital preganancy is influenced by internal and external factors, one of them is attitude about pre-marital pregnancy. This research aims to determine the relationship between attitude about pre-marital pregnancy and pre-marital pregnancy incidence in Kulon Progo. This research is observational research with cross sectional design. The population is brides in Kulon Progo in 2015. The sampel was obtained by simple random sampling, 120 respondents from 1 Community Health Center in every district with inclusive criteria of graduate from elementary school and exclusive criteria of health workers. The independent variable was attitude about pre-marital pregnancy. The dependent variable was pre-marital pregnancy. The instruments were questionairre and data collecting format. The data were analyzed using correlation analysis chi-square with significant level of 5% (p=0,05). This study showed that most of the brides in Kulon Progo were in the age of 20-30 years old, midly educated, and employed. Pre-marital marriage in brides in Kulon Progo was 15 people (12,5). Most of the brides in Kulon Progo had positive attitude about premarital marriage. The Conclusion is there is a significant relationship between attitude about pre-marital marriage and pre-marital pregnancy incidence. Keywords: pre-marital pregnancy, incidence of pre-marital pregnanc

PROCEEDING BOOK THE 3rd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTH SCIENCE 2016 “Optimizing theMental Health under SDGs”

Dear honorary guests and participants, It is our great pleasure to invite you in The International Conference on Health Science Named “Optimizing the Mental Health under Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)”. This event is held annually to improve the quality of Yogyakarta Health Polytechnic as a referral institution. The third aim from SDGs’s seventeen aim is to ensure our life healthy and to improve welfare to all people in all ages. That aim has 13 targets of national health system, one of them is in 2030 can decrease one over three of premature death because of Non-communicable diseases and cares, and to improve health also mental health. Mental health is important same as physics health and we have to keep them. Mental health from one person is different from the other, they can change because environmental changes and we have to pass life phase. We hope that we can keep it to have a good mental health, and we hope this conference can give contribution to develop the role of institution supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this meeting we present great qualification scientists to share knowledge and experiences in health sciences such as midwifery, nursing, dental health, environmental health, health analyst, nutrition, and health of community. Health practitioners, students and lecturer are also welcome to the conference. They can share and improve their knowledge in harmonic science atmosphere to get another view of health science. We hope this conference can be one of tools to communicate and interact between those who related to health science. We hope you all enjoy this conference and we would like welcome you in Yogyakarta

Retrying Leopold and Loeb: A Neuropsychological Perspective

They called it the crime of the century; in 1924 in Chicago two brilliant, well-educated, and wealthy young men kidnapped and murdered a 14-year-old boy and killed him for the thrill of it . Expert testimony was presented by several well-known psychiatrists and psychologists, but even with all their clinical insights, none could reach a conclusion about the causal relation between their disturbed childhoods and a violent senseless crime. In fact, the well-known criminal defense attorney Clarence Darrow made little mention of the extensive psychiatric and psychological workups, and the judge did not deal with it in his sentencing. A review of the findings does suggest a delusional disorder for one of the defendants and psychopathy for the other; the interaction of these two disordered personalities led to a perfect storm a confluence of factors that only in combination could result in the brutal crime. Recent developments in neuropsychology allow us to see how these two disordered personalities interacted; the neuropsychological basis of delusional disorder and of psychopathy will be explored in this presentation along with a re-imagined closing argument by their attorney