2,840,577 research outputs found

    Always and never the same: Women\u27s long-distance friendships during life course transitions

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    Various challenges can threaten the security of personal relationships, but one of the most difficult problems to manage is geographic distance. As more people live apart from someone about whom they care, the prevalence of long-distance relationships will increase. However, research on how long-distance friendships are characterized and accomplished lags behind. Therefore, the present study was designed to uncover how women define and maintain their long-distance friendships. A total of 34 interviews were conducted with first-year undergraduate students, first-year graduate students, and recently-hired faculty members at a large university. The interview transcripts were analyzed inductively, which resulted in the creation of nine categories. These were eventually reduced to six maintenance behaviors: openness, assurances, positivity, joint activities, personal networks, and mediated communication. Participants also challenged definitions of long-distance friendship based upon geography and replaced them with definitions based upon communication (access to interaction, use of mediated communication, level of closeness, and a commitment to expend the necessary time and energy to make it work). Although long-distance friendships may require more effort and involve more mediated communication, this study demonstrates that long-distance friends rely on similar maintenance behaviors as geographically-close friends. This indicates that long-distance friendships may not be as dramatically different or as perplexing as commonly thought. Overall, the present study reveals that long-distance friendships can be satisfying and maintained successfully, which challenges both cultural assumptions and traditional social science research. Many long-distance friendships are well-equipped to weather both changes and challenges, making them flexible, not fragile

    Anticipatory responses to pulsed resources: An introduction

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    Vigorous exchange of ideas is an essential part of the business of science. What makes that interaction so much more interesting than ordinary conversation is that, in science, ideas always have to be based on documented observation of the real world.No one disputes that requirement, yet it does not automatically ensure agreement, even when all parties are observing the same bits of the same world. That is because what we see in front of our eyes is powerfully influenced by what is behind them. Observations are never free of assumptions, which in turn are never independent of previous knowledge and experience

    Editorial

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    On behalf of the editorial team, I have great pleasure in presenting to you this issue of 'Ushus' with a new look and feel. The tenth issue of 'Ushus' is a gratifying watershed for all of us who launched the journal in 2002 and completed the ten consecutive issues successfully. Innovation and creativity are always at the top of the corporate and institutional agenda. Never a fad, but always in or out of fashion, innovations and creativity get rediscovered as a growth enabler. Each generation embarks on the same enthusiastic quest for newer things and faces the same challenge of overcoming innovation stifles

    Quantification and polarity: negative adverbial intensifiers ('never ever', 'not at all', etc.) in Hausa

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    Hausa has a typologically interesting but poorly understood set of quantifying time and degree adverbs—equivalent to English 'never ever', 'not at all', etc.—which behave as negative polarity items and enhance the pragmatic impact of a negative utterance (both verbal and non-verbal). The functional distribution of these adverbial intensifiers is unusual, however, in that some are "bipolar", i.e., they can express opposite (minimal/maximal) values according to whether they occur in negative or positive syntactic environments, with the minimal intensifiers operating at the negative pole. An intensifier such as dàɗai, for example, can mean either 'never' (negative) or 'always' (positive), and other modifiers, e.g., atàbau, can express these same temporal meanings in addition to 'absolutely'. This paper provides a unified account of this natural functional class of adverbs, and is seen as a contribution to cross-linguistic research into polarity items and their licensing contexts

    Quantification and polarity: negative adverbial intensifiers (‘never ever’, ‘not at all’, etc.) in Hausa.

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    Hausa has a typologically interesting but poorly understood set of quantifying time and degree adverbs—equivalent to English 'never ever', 'not at all', etc.—which behave as negative polarity items and enhance the pragmatic impact of a negative utterance (both verbal and non-verbal). The functional distribution of these adverbial intensifiers is unusual, however, in that some are "bipolar", i.e., they can express opposite (minimal/maximal) values according to whether they occur in negative or positive syntactic environments, with the minimal intensifiers operating at the negative pole. An intensifier such as dàɗai, for example, can mean either 'never' (negative) or 'always' (positive), and other modifiers, e.g., atàbau, can express these same temporal meanings in addition to 'absolutely'. This paper provides a unified account of this natural functional class of adverbs, and is seen as a contribution to cross-linguistic research into polarity items and their licensing contexts

    Can conformal Transformations change the fate of 2D black holes?

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    By using a classical Liouville-type model of two dimensional dilaton gravity we show that the one-loop theory implies that the fate of a black hole depends on the conformal frame. There is one frame for which the evaporation process never stops and another one leading to a complete disappearance of the black hole. This can be seen as a consequence of the fact that thermodynamic variables are not conformally invariant. In the second case the evaporation always produces the same static and regular end-point geometry, irrespective of the initial state.Comment: Some typos corrected. A few comments and two references added. Accepted for publication in PLB. Latex, 11 pages, no figure

    Tunneling times with covariant measurements

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    We consider the time delay of massive, non-relativistic, one-dimensional particles due to a tunneling potential. In this setting the well-known Hartman effect asserts that often the sub-ensemble of particles going through the tunnel seems to cross the tunnel region instantaneously. An obstacle to the utilization of this effect for getting faster signals is the exponential damping by the tunnel, so there seems to be a trade-off between speedup and intensity. In this paper we prove that this trade-off is never in favor of faster signals: the probability for a signal to reach its destination before some deadline is always reduced by the tunnel, for arbitrary incoming states, arbitrary positive and compactly supported tunnel potentials, and arbitrary detectors. More specifically, we show this for several different ways to define ``the same incoming state'' and ''the same detector'' when comparing the settings with and without tunnel potential. The arrival time measurements are expressed in the time-covariant approach, but we also allow the detection to be a localization measurement at a later time.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

    2nd Place Essay: On Becoming a True Leader

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    The world is looking for true leaders. We are called by God to be influencers, leaders, lights in this dark world. And to be true leaders, we must never compromise integrity or character, but must always maintain the same high standards in private, as seen in public
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