6,609 research outputs found
Organized versus self-organized criticality in the abelian sandpile model
We define stabilizability of an infinite volume height configuration and of a
probability measure on height configurations. We show that for high enough
densities, a probability measure cannot be stabilized. We also show that in
some sense the thermodynamic limit of the uniform measures on the recurrent
configurations of the abelian sandpile model (ASM) is a maximal element of the
set of stabilizable measures. In that sense the self-organized critical
behavior of the ASM can be understood in terms of an ordinary transition
between stabilizable and non-stabilizableComment: 17 pages, appeared in Markov Processes and Related Fields 200
Energy Landscape Statistics of the Random Orthogonal Model
The Random Orthogonal Model (ROM) of Marinari-Parisi-Ritort [MPR1,MPR2] is a
model of statistical mechanics where the couplings among the spins are defined
by a matrix chosen randomly within the orthogonal ensemble. It reproduces the
most relevant properties of the Parisi solution of the Sherrington-Kirckpatrick
model. Here we compute the energy distribution, and work out an extimate for
the two-point correlation function. Moreover, we show exponential increase of
the number of metastable states also for non zero magnetic field.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures, submitted to J. Phys.
Mean-Field Equations for Spin Models with Orthogonal Interaction Matrices
We study the metastable states in Ising spin models with orthogonal
interaction matrices. We focus on three realizations of this model, the random
case and two non-random cases, i.e.\ the fully-frustrated model on an infinite
dimensional hypercube and the so-called sine-model. We use the mean-field (or
{\sc tap}) equations which we derive by resuming the high-temperature expansion
of the Gibbs free energy. In some special non-random cases, we can find the
absolute minimum of the free energy. For the random case we compute the average
number of solutions to the {\sc tap} equations. We find that the
configurational entropy (or complexity) is extensive in the range
T_{\mbox{\tiny RSB}}. Finally we present an apparently
unrelated replica calculation which reproduces the analytical expression for
the total number of {\sc tap} solutions.Comment: 22+3 pages, section 5 slightly modified, 1 Ref added, LaTeX and
uuencoded figures now independent of each other (easier to print). Postscript
available http://chimera.roma1.infn.it/index_papers_complex.htm
The Eyring-Kramers law for Markovian jump processes with symmetries
We prove an Eyring-Kramers law for the small eigenvalues and mean
first-passage times of a metastable Markovian jump process which is invariant
under a group of symmetries. Our results show that the usual Eyring-Kramers law
for asymmetric processes has to be corrected by a factor computable in terms of
stabilisers of group orbits. Furthermore, the symmetry can produce additional
Arrhenius exponents and modify the spectral gap. The results are based on
representation theory of finite groups.Comment: 39 pages, 9 figure
Metastable states, quasi-stationary distributions and soft measures
We establish metastability in the sense of Lebowitz and Penrose under
practical and simple hypothesis for (families of) Markov chains on finite
configuration space in some asymptotic regime, including the case of
configuration space size going to infinity. By comparing restricted ensemble
and quasi-stationary measures, we study point-wise convergence velocity of
Yaglom limits and prove asymptotic exponential exit law. We introduce soft
measures as interpolation between restricted ensemble and quasi-stationary
measure to prove an asymptotic exponential transition law on a generally
different time scale. By using potential theoretic tools, we prove a new
general Poincar\'e inequality and give sharp estimates via two-sided
variational principles on relaxation time as well as mean exit time and
transition time. We also establish local thermalization on a shorter time scale
and give mixing time asymptotics up to a constant factor through a two-sided
variational principal. All our asymptotics are given with explicit quantitative
bounds on the corrective terms.Comment: 41 page
Estimation of the infinitesimal generator by square-root approximation
For the analysis of molecular processes, the estimation of time-scales, i.e.,
transition rates, is very important. Estimating the transition rates between
molecular conformations is -- from a mathematical point of view -- an invariant
subspace projection problem. A certain infinitesimal generator acting on
function space is projected to a low-dimensional rate matrix. This projection
can be performed in two steps. First, the infinitesimal generator is
discretized, then the invariant subspace is approxi-mated and used for the
subspace projection. In our approach, the discretization will be based on a
Voronoi tessellation of the conformational space. We will show that the
discretized infinitesimal generator can simply be approximated by the geometric
average of the Boltzmann weights of the Voronoi cells. Thus, there is a direct
correla-tion between the potential energy surface of molecular structures and
the transition rates of conformational changes. We present results for a
2d-diffusion process and Alanine dipeptide
Pseudo generators of spatial transfer operators
Metastable behavior in dynamical systems may be a significant challenge for a
simulation based analysis. In recent years, transfer operator based approaches
to problems exhibiting metastability have matured. In order to make these
approaches computationally feasible for larger systems, various reduction
techniques have been proposed: For example, Sch\"utte introduced a spatial
transfer operator which acts on densities on configuration space, while Weber
proposed to avoid trajectory simulation (like Froyland et al.) by considering a
discrete generator.
In this manuscript, we show that even though the family of spatial transfer
operators is not a semigroup, it possesses a well defined generating structure.
What is more, the pseudo generators up to order 4 in the Taylor expansion of
this family have particularly simple, explicit expressions involving no
momentum averaging. This makes collocation methods particularly easy to
implement and computationally efficient, which in turn may open the door for
further efficiency improvements in, e.g., the computational treatment of
conformation dynamics. We experimentally verify the predicted properties of
these pseudo generators by means of two academic examples
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