Systematic Review of Machine Learning Approaches for Detecting Developmental Stuttering

A systematic review of the literature on statistical and machine learning schemes for identifying symptoms of developmental stuttering from audio recordings is reported. Twenty-seven papers met the quality standards that were set. Comparison of results across studies was not possible because training and testing data, model architecture and feature inputs varied across studies. The limitations that were identified for comparison across studies included: no indication of application for the work, data were selected for training and testing models in ways that could lead to biases, studies used different datasets and attempted to locate different symptom types, feature inputs were reported in different ways and there was no standard way of reporting performance statistics. Recommendations were made about how these problems can be addressed in future work on this topic

Алгоритмы и программные средства автоматического определения речевых сбоев в звуковом сигнале

During automatic speech processing a number of problems appear, and among them are such as speech variation and different kinds of speech disfluences. In this article different types of speech disfluencies and their causes are presented, as well as the algorithm for their automatic detection based on the analysis of acoustical parameters. The method of cross-correlation was used to deteсt voiced hesitation phenomena and a method of band-filtering was used to detect unvoiced hesitation phenomena and artefacts. The experiments were performed on a specially collected corpus of spontaneous Russian map-task and appointment-task dialogs. Experiments showed that voiced hesitation phenomena are detected with 80% accuracy and devoiced hesitation phenomena and artefacts – with 66% accuracy.При автоматической обработке спонтанной речи возникает ряд трудностей, таких как вариативность речи или присутствие речевых сбоев различной природы. В статье рассматриваются различные виды речевых сбоев и причины их возникновения, а также представлен алгоритм их автоматического определения, основанный на анализе акустических параметров. Для выделения звонких хезитационных явлений использовался кросскорреляционный метод, а для выделения глухих хезитационных явлений – метод полосовой спектральной фильтрации. Эксперименты проводились на специально собранном корпусе спонтанной русской речи, состоящем из диалогов по описанию маршрута по карте и нахождению общего свободного времени по расписанию. Проведенные эксперименты показали, что звонкие хезитационные явления выделяются с точностью 80%, глухие хезитационные явления и дыхание - с точностью 66%

Pilot study for subgroup classification for autism spectrum disorder based on dysmorphology and physical measurements in Chinese children

Poster Sessions: 157 - Comorbid Medical Conditions: abstract 157.058 58BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder affecting individuals along a continuum of severity in communication, social interaction and behaviour. The impact of ASD significantly varies amongst individuals, and the cause of ASD can originate broadly between genetic and environmental factors. Objectives: Previous ASD researches indicate that early identification combined with a targeted treatment plan involving behavioural interventions and multidisciplinary therapies can provide substantial improvement for ASD patients. Currently there is no cure for ASD, and the clinical variability and uncertainty of the disorder still remains. Hence, the search to unravel heterogeneity within ASD by subgroup classification may provide clinicians with a better understanding of ASD and to work towards a more definitive course of action. METHODS: In this study, a norm of physical measurements including height, weight, head circumference, ear length, outer and inner canthi, interpupillary distance, philtrum, hand and foot length was collected from 658 Typical Developing (TD) Chinese children aged 1 to 7 years (mean age of 4.19 years). The norm collected was compared against 80 ASD Chinese children aged 1 to 12 years (mean age of 4.36 years). We then further attempted to find subgroups within ASD based on identifying physical abnormalities; individuals were classified as (non) dysmorphic with the Autism Dysmorphology Measure (ADM) from physical examinations of 12 body regions. RESULTS: Our results show that there were significant differences between ASD and TD children for measurements in: head circumference (p=0.009), outer (p=0.021) and inner (p=0.021) canthus, philtrum length (p=0.003), right (p=0.023) and left (p=0.20) foot length. Within the 80 ASD patients, 37(46%) were classified as dysmorphic (p=0.00). CONCLUSIONS: This study attempts to identify subgroups within ASD based on physical measurements and dysmorphology examinations. The information from this study seeks to benefit ASD community by identifying possible subtypes of ASD in Chinese population; in seek for a more definitive diagnosis, referral and treatment plan.published_or_final_versio