342,976 research outputs found

    Globalization and land-use transitions in Latin America

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    Current socioeconomic drivers of land-use change associated with globalization are producing two contrasting land-use trends in Latin America. Increasing global food demand (particularly in Southeast Asia) accelerates deforestation in areas suitable for modern agriculture (e.g., soybean), severely threatening ecosystems, such as Amazonian rain forests, dry forests, and subtropical grasslands. Additionally, in the coming decades, demand for biofuels may become an emerging threat. In contrast, high yields in modern agricultural systems and rural–urban migration coupled with remittances promote the abandonment of marginal agricultural lands, thus favoring ecosystem recovery on mountains, deserts, and areas of poor soils, while improving human well-being. The potential switch from production in traditional extensive grazing areas to intensive modern agriculture provides opportunities to significantly increase food production while sparing land for nature conservation. This combination of emerging threats and opportunities requires changes in the way the conservation of Latin American ecosystems is approached. Land-use efficiency should be analyzed beyond the local-based paradigm that drives most conservation programs, and focus on large geographic scales involving long-distance fluxes of products, information, and people in order to maximize both agricultural production and the conservation of environmental services.Fil: Grau, Hector Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Mitchell, Aide. Universidad de Puerto Rico; Puerto Ric

    Annual Report of the Iowa Citizen's Aide/Ombudsman, 2011

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    Annual report for the Iowa Citizen's Aide/Ombudsman Office

    Executive Order, August 31, 1935

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    Appointment of an Aide on the Military Staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Iowa National Guar

    DoPAMINE: Double-sided Masked CNN for Pixel Adaptive Multiplicative Noise Despeckling

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    We propose DoPAMINE, a new neural network based multiplicative noise despeckling algorithm. Our algorithm is inspired by Neural AIDE (N-AIDE), which is a recently proposed neural adaptive image denoiser. While the original N-AIDE was designed for the additive noise case, we show that the same framework, i.e., adaptively learning a network for pixel-wise affine denoisers by minimizing an unbiased estimate of MSE, can be applied to the multiplicative noise case as well. Moreover, we derive a double-sided masked CNN architecture which can control the variance of the activation values in each layer and converge fast to high denoising performance during supervised training. In the experimental results, we show our DoPAMINE possesses high adaptivity via fine-tuning the network parameters based on the given noisy image and achieves significantly better despeckling results compared to SAR-DRN, a state-of-the-art CNN-based algorithm.Comment: AAAI 2019 Camera Ready Versio

    Executive Order, August 16, 1933

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    Appointment made of an Aide to the Military Staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Iowa National Guar

    Lanthanide Soil Chemistry and Its Importance in Understanding Soil Pathways: Mobility, Plant Uptake, and Soil Health

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    The lanthanide elements or rare earth elements (REEs) are an active soil science research area, given their usage as micro-fertilizers, documented cases of environmental impact attributed to industry/mining, and their ability to identify lithologic discontinuities and reveal active soil processes. To fully understand REEs requires an understanding of their chemical reactivity, both for the individual elements and their behavior as a group of elements. The elements of the lanthanide series, including La and Y, may have subtle to very perceptible chemical differences that when viewed collectively reveal information that gives emphasis to soil processes that clarify soil behavior or soil genesis. This chapter concentrates on lanthanide soil chemistry and shows how the soil chemistry of REEs may support soil science investigations

    Limitations of Clinical Databases used in Research

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