Advanced approach for the public transportation regulation system based on cybercars

International audienceIn the last decade, the authorities require the use of safe, comfortable vehicles to assure a door to door aspect with respect of environment in the urban context. In this paper, we propose an advanced approach of transport regulation where we integrate cybercars into a regulation process as an alternative in disruption cases. For that, we propose an ITS architecture including public transportation and cybercars into the same framework. We will show that collaboration between these two systems provides better results than managing them separably

New Technologies for Sustainable Urban Transport in Europe

In the past few years, the European Commission has financed several projects to examine how new technologies could improve the sustainability of European cities. These technologies concern new public transportation modes such as guided buses to form high capacity networks similar to light rail but at a lower cost and better flexibility, PRT (Personal Rapid Transit) and cybercars (small urban vehicles with fully automatic driving capabilities to be used in carsharing mode, mostly as a complement to mass transport). They also concern private vehicles with technologies which could improve the efficiency of the vehicles as well as their safety (Intelligent Speed Adaptation, Adaptive Cruise >.Control, Stop&Go, Lane Keeping,...) and how these new vehicles can complement mass transport in the form of car-sharing services

Fractional-Order-Based ACC/CACC Algorithm for Improving String Stability

International audienceTraffic flow optimization and driver comfort enhancement are the main contributions of an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system. If communication links are added, more safety and shorter gaps can be reached performing a Cooperative-ACC (CACC). Although shortening the inter-vehicular distances directly improves traffic flow, it can cause string unstable behavior. This paper presents fractional-order-based control algorithms to enhance the car-following and string stability performance for both ACC and CACC vehicle strings, including communication temporal delay effects. The proposed controller is compared with state-of-the-art implementations, exhibiting better performance. Simulation and real experiments have been conducted for validating the approach

An Ontology-based Model to Determine the Automation Level of an Automated Vehicle for Co-Driving

International audienceFull autonomy of ground vehicles is a major goal of the ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) community. However, reaching such highest autonomy level in all situations (weather, traffic, . . . ) may seem difficult in practice, despite recent results regarding driverless cars (e.g., Google Cars). In addition, an automated vehicle should also self-assess its own perception abilities, and not only perceive its environment. In this paper, we propose an intermediate approach towards full automation, by defining a spectrum of automation layers, from fully manual (the car is driven by a driver) to fully automated (the car is driven by a computer), based on an ontological model for representing knowledge. We also propose a second ontology for situation assessment (what does the automated car perceive?), including the sensors/actuators state, environmental conditions and driver's state. Finally, we also define inference rules to link the situation assessment ontology to the automation level one. Both ontological models have been built and first results are presented.L'autonomie complète de véhicules terrestres est un but majeur de la communauté ITS (Systèmes de Transport Intelligents). Pourtant; atteindre ce niveau d'autonomie le plus élevé dans toutes les situations (temps, trafic, ...) peut sembler difficile en pratique, en dépit de résultats récents concernant les voitures sans conducteur (e.g., les voitures de Google). De plus, un véhicule automatisé devrait aussi évaluer par lui-même ses propres facultés de perception, et pas seulement percevoir son environnement. Dans cet article, nous proposons une approche intermédiaire vers l'automatisation complète, en définissant un spectre de niveaux d'automatisation, depuis manuel complet (la voiture est conduite par un conducteur) jusqu'à l'automatisation complète (la voiture est conduite par un ordinateur), basé sur une ontologie pour représenter la connaissance. Nous proposons aussi une deuxième ontologie pour l"évaluation de la situation (que perçoit le véhicule automatisé ?) qui inclut l'état des capteurs / actuateurs, les conditions environnementales et l'état du conducteur. Enfin, nous définissons aussi des règles d'inférence pour relier l'ontologie sur l'évaluation de la situation à celle sur les niveaux d'automatisation. Les deux ontologies ont été construites et des premiers résultats sont présentés

The r-evolution of driving: from Connected Vehicles to Coordinated Automated Road Transport (C-ART)

Connected and automated vehicles could revolutionise road transport. New traffic management approaches may become necessary, especially in light of a potential increase in travel demand. Coordinated Automated Road Transport (C-ART) is presented as a novel approach that stakeholders may consider for an eventual full realisation of a safe and efficient mobility system.JRC.C.4-Sustainable Transpor

Emergent realities for social wellbeing : environmental, spatial and social pathways

The environment changes are highly met worldwide, especially inside very crowded urban cities and metropolitan zones. Urban cities with high levels of visitors are subject for the environmental changes in addition to the committed resources to fulfill all the potential activities. The environmental changes apply to several societal levels, depending on the involvement of each in the wellbeing definition. While more citizens will come to urban areas, the environmental changes will change accordingly with their life styles. Urban cities all around the globe have to be prepared for massive changes in terms of sustainable development.peer-reviewe

A Time Gap-Based Spacing Policy for Full-Range Car-Following

International audienceCar-following systems aim to improve safety and comfort whereas increasing traffic throughput. These techniques follow a spacing policy that determines how the ego-vehicle tracks its preceding one. This paper proposes a spacing policy to maximize the traffic throughput and reduce the inter-vehicle distances without losing safety and ensuring the string stability. A variable time gap policy is developed for low speeds, yielding the same dynamic response for high speeds and shorter spacing gaps. Simulations and real platforms' experiments are shown to validate the proposed approach