Sex and Gasoline: Selling Sex in Twentieth Century America

The adult entertainment industry as modern mankind knows it began to from at the end of the Victorian age, a time where America also happened to become a major international power for the first time. The history of the adult entertainment industries from 1900 till today can almost be seen as a history of amazing business savvy, moral battles and classic T and A. No one book or one story would capture all the jobs and products that fall under the heading of adult entertainment. But the adult entertainment industry is made of up of people and business that have endured, through recession and depressions, and reform movements outlining what was popular with each decade, as well as legal and technological changes of the time. This includes sexual health in the United States. The sex trade, print or film or actual sex worker, has influenced many aspects of American life from technology, advertising, fashion and business models. The adult industry is made up of more than pay-per-view movies and sex toys. The adult industry includes video and DVD products as well as Internet materials, printed media books, magazines, sex tourism and fetish paraphernalia as well a brothel industry. The United States came into its own in terms of the sex industry at the same time the nation first really stepped on to the world\u27s stage, becoming part of the international industrial revolution. The sex industry has always been tied to technological advances in the United States, from 1900 till 2000 adult entertainment changes drastically in the United States. This thesis analyzes what was in vogue in each decade, focusing on similarities and differences, and how technology, poverty, legalities and times of war affected adult entertainment in context of the larger American history. Yet the adult entertainment industry endured- a remarkable skill that should be studied as an integral part of history

Preventing the Secondary Effects of Adult Entertainment Establishments: Is Zoning the Solution?

This Comment examines the effects of the adult entertainment industry on America\u27s communities and addresses whether current legal protections adequately shield communities from negative secondary effects resulting from the industry. The Comment begins by recounting the history of municipalities\u27 abilities to zone out adult entertainment establishments, describing the growth of the industry, and outlining the growth of their First Amendment protection. Next, the Comment examines the potential secondary effects resulting from adult entertainment establishments, including the spread of AIDS, increased prostitution, rape, crime, and neighborhood deterioration. The author discusses whether zoning is a viable method for decreasing these secondary effects from America\u27s neighborhoods. Finally, two additional alternatives are presented to combat secondary effects. The author concludes that zoning should be combined with these additional alternatives to reach the best desired result for the optimal health of America\u27s neighborhoods

"500 tokens to go private": camgirls, cybersex and feminist entrepreneurship

The adult entertainment industry has often been seen by feminist groups as antithetical to the women’s liberation movement, with the commercialisation of misogyny taking place under a patriarchal business model. The advent of live streaming video and webcam technology has forced a considerable paradigm shift in the power relationships involved in pornography; the burgeoning ‘camgirl’ genre— in which young women independently broadcast explicit material at the behest of an audience—essentially serves to return control over adult entertainment to the female participants that are involved in its creation. The interactive nature of the camgirl genre has resulted in the development of a unique transactional relationship between performer and consumer that transcends that which currently exists within the industry. The rise of the camgirl has significant implications for both the adult entertainment industry and internet culture on the whole, presenting innovative business opportunities for young performers to engage in entrepreneurial behaviour

Freedom of Speech and the Problem of the Lawful Harmful Public Reaction: Adult use Cases of Renton and Mini Theatres

The constitutional right of freedom of speech protects the speech of adult erotic entertainment. The state, consequently, can not suppress such speech unless it is obscene. This constitutional protection helped to turn adult erotic entertainment into one of the nation\u27s growth industries. The constitutionally protected speech of adult erotic entertainment includes explicit sex films, nude dancing and erotic books. Various adult land uses sprung up to satisfy an apparent large public demand for this entertainment. Adult film theaters, of course, show filmed reproductions of live sex on a big screen. Some taverns offer nude dancing. Some adult bookstores sell more than books and pictures. Adopting a practice of the beverage industry, they also sell films for consumption both on and off the premises. Some bookstores go farther and offer the customer live nude dancing in a booth with a protective, but transparent glass partition between the .performer and the viewer. Thus, although the basic form of this expression has probably changed very little since ancient times, it clearly appears adaptable to the improvements of modern merchandising. In effect, however, the recent case of City of Renton v. Playtime Theaters, Inc. may allow the nation\u27s towns and small cities to prohibit the future development of adult speech entertainment uses within their territory

Adult Entertainment and the First Amendment: A Dialogue and Analysis with the Industry\u27s Leading Litigator

This article gives Cambria the legal spotlight, at a time when conservatives control the White House and Congress, to discuss the never-ending tension between the First Amendment freedom of speech, which sometimes, although certainly not always, protects the $10 billion adult entertainment industry in the United States and the voices of censorship who would squelch such content. It is a tension that clearly affects many people, given the sheer popularity of sexually explicit speech and the mainstreaming today of adult content; sales and rentals of adult videos in 2002 totaled more than$4 billion, according to the Adult Video News. Pornography on the Internet generates another $2 billion. As a February 2003 article in the Washington Post observed, [t]he popularization of pornography is everywhere. The Video Software Dealers Association predicted in its most recent annual report that by 2006, adult entertainment will be among the three most significant online content providers... In this article, Cambria discusses, from his perch as one of the nation\u27s leading obscenity lawyers, a myriad of First Amendment-based issues including:(I) the continued viability of the obscenity test set forth by the United States Supreme Court in Millerv. California;32 (2) the regulation of so-called virtual child pornography;33 (3) his tactics in both selecting and arguing before juries in obscenity cases; (4) the zoning of adult entertainment establishments and the constitutionality of such efforts; (5) the so-called Cambria List of sexually explicit acts that often attract prosecutors\u27 attention; (6) his beliefs about the intent and purpose of the First Amendment in a democratic society; and (7) his representation of, as well as relationship with, Larry Flynt during the last quarter of a century. Along the way, Cambria comments on the state of the adult entertainment industry and the way it has now become a part of mainstream societ

A Comparative Analysis of the Effect Liquor Laws Have on Young Audiences and Their Potential Impact on the Music Industry: A Case for Change in Indianapolis

According to Do317, one of Indianapolis’ premier media companies which promotes live events and entertainment, “The Indy live music and concert scene is growing thanks to wide range of amazing Indianapolis live music and concert venues” (Do317, n.d.). However, the Indianapolis community is hindered by outdated liquor laws that affect the music entertainment industry from thriving. The purpose of this study is to explore the partiality based in old fashioned laws occurring in Indianapolis that affect the revenue potential in the live music and entertainment industry. This study examined liquor license laws in an historical context and a how they affect music venues in Indianapolis, Indiana, Columbus, Ohio, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It also investigated young adult demand for live music entertainment and how this potential revenue could affect Indianapolis’ prosperity. The importance of investing in both young adults and the music industry was discovered. Overall, it was found that in order to succeed in creating a thriving music industry for Indianapolis, it is necessary for liquor laws to be changed and young adults to be targeted as audience members

The 2008 Federal Obscenity Conviction of Paul Little and What It Reveals About Obscenity Law and Prosecutions

This Article provides an inside perspective on the 2008 obscenity trial and conviction of veteran adult movie producer Paul Little, who is known in the adult industry as Max Hardcore. Little was sentenced by a federal judge to nearly four years in prison after a twelve-person jury in Tampa, Florida found him guilty of multiple counts of selling and distributing obscene content via the U.S. Mail and Internet. The Article centers around comments and remarks drawn from four exclusive interviews conducted in person by the authors with: (1)Jeffrey Douglas, the California-based attorney who represented and defended Paul Little in United States v. Little; (2) H. Louis Sirkin, the Ohio-based attorney who represented and defended the corporate entities controlled by Paul Little in United States v. Little; (3) Mark Kernes, Senior Editor of Adult Video News, a leading adult entertainment industry trade publication, and the journalist who covered the trial of Paul Little; and (4) Larry Flynt, the publisher of Hustler magazine and head of the LFP, Inc. adult entertainment empire. Each interview was conducted subsequent to Paul Little\u27s June 2008 conviction by the jury in Tampa but prior to his sentencing in October 2008. The Article contextualizes the case within the framework of the Bush administration\u27s efforts to target adult content for obscenity prosecutions

Advancing Adult Education: Shifting, Producing, Advocating, & Embracing

This symposium activates participants and presenters as we engage in dialogue, debate, and discernment about how we are advancing adult education. We explore adult education in diverse practice sites such as post secondary education, the entertainment industry, and sites of ecological reframing in homes, workplaces and faith communities. We debate the key concerns of adult education as envisioned by the presenters and participants and seek to uncover the places and spaces where adult education is shifting, exploring, and creating meaning, justice, and peace in our personal, social, and spiritual worlds. The symposium is guided by social constructivism and transformational learning theories. Shifting Expectations: Designing Effective Educational Technology fo

Cybersex: Protecting Sexual Content in the Digital Age, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 815 (2012)

Advertisers employ bare-skinned models and sex appeal to seduce American consumers with every magazine, billboard, and television advertisement. The ubiquity of sexual gratification has reached a tangible quality in American culture, but sex is still somehow taboo in our legal system. Despite the vast market for online adult entertainment, obscenity laws have been used to strike down claims for adult content copyright owners. These content owners are producing creative sexual expression for the public benefit, but they are being denied the same economic incentives granted to their mainstream counterparts. Ironically, Playboy Co. is an outlier in the adult entertainment industry as it has continually enjoyed enforcement of its adult content copyrights. Multiple judges have argued that explicit adult content is obscene, and therefore, is neither protected by copyright or the First Amendment. This comment argues that there is, in actuality, a hetero-patriarchal judicial bias to blame for the lack of protection in adult content copyright. Further, it argues that these content evaluations violate the core copyright policy of encouraging creative work for the public benefit. Finally, it recommends that the Copyright Act should be amended to reflect the virtual omnipotence of the internet and the growing demand for digital sexual content by rewarding adult content providers through enforcement of valid explicit content copyrights