Achieving the sustainable development goals : theoretical insights and case studies for making sustainability governance more integrative

It is widely recognized that governance is a vital condition for implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Japan and elsewhere. However, we can see that prevailing forms of governance seem unable to address unsustainability effectively. Therefore, the main research question in this report is: What can be some theoretical insights that can provide guidance for governing the implementation of the SDGs? The findings together form the basis for a new approach to sustainability governance: Integrative Sustainability Governance (ISG). The ensuing ISG framework includes indicator frames within the theoretical pillars of power, knowledge and norms. Other main findings are that the transformation of crisis into transitions needs to find a place in risk management; that systems thinking can be helpful for addressing wicked problems; and that insights from behavioural science can play a crucial role in successful transitions. Finally, three case studies on key topics in development research are discussed to illustrate these ideas: one on energy efficiency and the SDGs, one on the water-energyfood nexus, and one on trade and the SDGs

The Legal, Administrative and Managing Framework for Spatial Policy, Planning and Land-Use. Interdependence, Barriers and Directions of Change

The book aims to explore the legal and administrative aspects of spatial governance and the challenges that their interaction entails. It does this through a number of chapters focusing on case studies located in different geographical areas of Europe and beyond. By doing this, the editors shed light on a set of challenges that emerge around the world at the intersection between the legal and administrative spheres during the governance and planning of territorial phenomena. The issues addressed in the various chapters highlight how spatial planning activities continue to face serious challenges that have not yet been satisfactorily addressed. In more detail, a correlation emerges between the legal regulations that allow and shape spatial-planning activities and the socio-economic and territorial challenges that those activities should tackle. This is often a consequence of the path-dependent influence of the traditional administrative and spatial planning configuration, which presents an inertial resistance to change that is hard to overcome. A similar situation arises concerning the mismatch between the boundaries of the existing administrative units and the extent of territorial phenomena, with a system of judicial–territorial administration that does not always coincide with the boundaries of the fundamental administrative division of a country, leading to an overall deterioration of the conditions in which all actors involved in spatial development operate

Determinants of firm compliance with environmental laws : A case study of Vietnam

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Subsidiarity: A Central Principle for Justice, Peace, and Sustainability in Mining

The Catholic social teaching principle of subsidiarity states that problems should be dealt with at the lowest level possible, but the highest level necessary. It attempts to create structures of social power that can best protect the dignity of individuals and families and promote their human flourishing. In the case of mining, subsidiarity would say that the communities impacted by mining need to be centered and empowered to the greatest extent possible, but that the national, regional, and/or global nature of the issues at stake, like climate change, violent conflict, or economic justice, mean that community goals and decisions need to be weighed against other common goods or translated into broader frameworks. Subsidiarity can be an effective tool for adjudicating the best ways to optimize these goods within different contexts. This essay examines the role of subsidiarity in three key sectors related to mining: international law and human rights, regulation, and sustainability and the environment. After showing how subsidiarity applies to these problems, four additional recommendations are given for how to exercise subsidiarity for justice and peace in mining: focus on vertical integration, create opportunities for horizontal subsidiarity, build capacity in local communities, and support alternatives to industrial mining. Two examples of a subsidiary response to mining are detailed: Oro Verde in Colombia and Chartered Mediation in Extractive Industries in Kenya

Copyright Freeconomics

Innovation has wreaked creative destruction on traditional content platforms. During the decade following Napster\u27s rise and fall, industry organizations launched litigation campaigns to combat the dramatic downward pricing pressure created by the advent of zero-price, copyright-infringing content. These campaigns attracted a torrent of debate among scholars and stakeholders regarding the proper scope and role of copyright law-but this ongoing debate has missed the forest for the trees. Industry organizations have abandoned litigation efforts, and many copyright owners now compete directly with infringing products by offering legitimate content at a price of $0.00. This sea change has ushered in an era of copyright freeconomics. Drawing on an emerging body of behavioral- economics and consumer-psychology literature, this Article demonstrates that, when faced with the magic of zero prices, the neoclassical economic model underpinning modern U.S. copyright law collapses. As a result, the shift to a freeconomic model threatens entrenched tenets that lie at the very heart of copyright law and theory. This Article argues that the traditional dichotomies separating use from ownership and utilitarian rights from moral rights have been seriously eroded, if not outright destroyed. If copyright law does not evolve to face these changes, it will run the risk of extinction through irrelevance. Accordingly, this Article both identifies responsive policy prescriptions and, perhaps more importantly, establishes a set of structured, coherent, and efficient analytical frameworks to aid in their implementation

Copyright Freeconomics

Innovation has wreaked creative destruction on traditional content platforms. During the decade following Napster\u27s rise and fall, industry organizations launched litigation campaigns to combat the dramatic downward pricing pressure created by the advent of zero-price, copyright-infringing content. These campaigns attracted a torrent of debate among scholars and stakeholders regarding the proper scope and role of copyright law-but this ongoing debate has missed the forest for the trees. Industry organizations have abandoned litigation efforts, and many copyright owners now compete directly with infringing products by offering legitimate content at a price of $0.00. This sea change has ushered in an era of copyright freeconomics. Drawing on an emerging body of behavioral economics and consumer-psychology literature, this Article demonstrates that, when faced with the magic of zero prices, the neoclassical economic model underpinning modern U.S. copyright law collapses. As a result, the shift to a freeconomic model threatens entrenched tenets that lie at the very heart of copyright law and theory. This Article argues that the traditional dichotomies separating use from ownership and utilitarian rights from moral rights have been seriously eroded, if not outright destroyed. If copyright law does not evolve to face these changes, it will run the risk of extinction through irrelevance. Accordingly, this Article both identifies responsive policy prescriptions and, perhaps more importantly, establishes a set of structured, coherent, and efficient analytical frameworks to aid in their implementation

SATELLITE GAME SERVER: OVERVIEW AND ANALYSIS

Online gaming has in recent years grown as an entertainment service for many users. As the number of users who play games continues to increase, it requires a massive amount of computing resources to ensure the desired gaming experience for the users. This master's thesis presents the trends, issues and possibilities of a satellite game server. A server is designed to handle traffic and provide a place for all the events that are going on, in a game, to be wrapped up in a single package that is constantly sent over a communication network. Game development started with big companies with huge budget releasing high quality games. They employed the use of a dedicated server, this is a machine running in a building somewhere for a specific purpose, for the users playing games to connect to and it handles all the host services. This thesis revolves around the possibilities of having a game server launched in space and will focus on the basic guidelines and issues. The main aim and objective of this thesis is to provide the reader the general overview of the idea of a satellite-based game server, its advantages over existing types of game servers, what constitutes in the technology, market trends, future growth of technologies and possibly how it can be implemented. The thesis is motivated by the tremendous growth in game development in recent years and the numerous advantages of satellite communications. The satellite internet (VSAT) has already been employed as an alternative internet access for online gamers, especially for its advantage of having a global coverage to reach gamers where the IP connection is impossible. To meet an increasing demand for online game services and connectivity across the world, satellite server will play an indispensable role in the reach of online gamers globally, therefore increasing the market of online games. The thesis investigates and concludes that the construction of a working satellite game server solution is possible to achieve on a high budget and several issues yet to be resolved but will be cost effective at the long term.fi=Opinnäytetyö kokotekstinä PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=Lärdomsprov tillgängligt som fulltext i PDF-format

Towards COP27: The Water-Food-Energy Nexus in a Changing Climate in the Middle East and North Africa

Due to its low adaptability to climate change, the MENA region has become a "hot spot". Water scarcity, extreme heat, drought, and crop failure will worsen as the region becomes more urbanized and industrialized. Both water and food scarcity are made worse by civil wars, terrorism, and political and social unrest. It is unclear how climate change will affect the MENA water–food–energy nexus. All of these concerns need to be empirically evaluated and quantified for a full climate change assessment in the region. Policymakers in the MENA region need to be aware of this interconnection between population growth, rapid urbanization, food safety, climate change, and the global goal of lowering greenhouse gas emissions (as planned in COP27). Researchers from a wide range of disciplines have come together in this SI to investigate the connections between water, food, energy, and climate in the region. By assessing the impacts of climate change on hydrological processes, natural disasters, water supply, energy production and demand, and environmental impacts in the region, this SI will aid in implementation of sustainable solutions to these challenges across multiple spatial scales