1,787 research outputs found
Role of homeostasis in learning sparse representations
Neurons in the input layer of primary visual cortex in primates develop
edge-like receptive fields. One approach to understanding the emergence of this
response is to state that neural activity has to efficiently represent sensory
data with respect to the statistics of natural scenes. Furthermore, it is
believed that such an efficient coding is achieved using a competition across
neurons so as to generate a sparse representation, that is, where a relatively
small number of neurons are simultaneously active. Indeed, different models of
sparse coding, coupled with Hebbian learning and homeostasis, have been
proposed that successfully match the observed emergent response. However, the
specific role of homeostasis in learning such sparse representations is still
largely unknown. By quantitatively assessing the efficiency of the neural
representation during learning, we derive a cooperative homeostasis mechanism
that optimally tunes the competition between neurons within the sparse coding
algorithm. We apply this homeostasis while learning small patches taken from
natural images and compare its efficiency with state-of-the-art algorithms.
Results show that while different sparse coding algorithms give similar coding
results, the homeostasis provides an optimal balance for the representation of
natural images within the population of neurons. Competition in sparse coding
is optimized when it is fair. By contributing to optimizing statistical
competition across neurons, homeostasis is crucial in providing a more
efficient solution to the emergence of independent components
An improved decoding scheme for Matching Pursuit Streams
This work presents an improved coefficient decoding method for Matching Pursuit streams. It builds on the adaptive a posteriori quantization of coefficients, and implements an interpolation scheme that enhances the inverse quantization performance at the decoder. A class of interpolation functions is introduced, that capture the behavior of coefficients after conditional scalar quantization. The accuracy of the interpolation scheme is verified experimentally, and the novel decoding algorithm is further evaluated in image coding applications. It can be seen that the proposed method improves the rate-distortion performance by up to 0.5 dB, only by changing the reconstruction strategy at the decoder
Sparsity and `Something Else': An Approach to Encrypted Image Folding
A property of sparse representations in relation to their capacity for
information storage is discussed. It is shown that this feature can be used for
an application that we term Encrypted Image Folding. The proposed procedure is
realizable through any suitable transformation. In particular, in this paper we
illustrate the approach by recourse to the Discrete Cosine Transform and a
combination of redundant Cosine and Dirac dictionaries. The main advantage of
the proposed technique is that both storage and encryption can be achieved
simultaneously using simple processing steps.Comment: Revised manuscript- Software for implementing the Encrypted Image
Folding proposed in this paper is available on
http://www.nonlinear-approx.info
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