851,911 research outputs found

    Immersive justice : the impact of face to face communication and video mediated communication in the quality of discussion and deliberation in the justice process

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    In an increasingly digital world, video-mediated communication is becoming more prominent. Video technology is already being used in courtrooms, with a potential future for a distributed and remote courtroom. This thesis investigates how the quality of discussion is impacted across a video-conferencing system and face-to-face communication, with the aim of comparing the participant perspective with observations to create a well-rounded understanding of group dynamics. Participants watched a mock trial before deliberating the problem via both video-mediated and face-to-face communication in groups of three, with sessions recorded and transcribed for data analysis. The data was analysed from three different angles: Interaction Process Analysis, Interruption Occurrences and Observation; and was supplemented with participant surveys. The results showed that video-mediated communication had a higher occurrence of interruptions and lower levels of eye contact, while face-to-face communication had higher occurrences of back channel utterances to show active listening. Future research should look into using a more sophisticated video-conferencing system to combat the eye contact issue, but other than that the quality of discussion was not impacted by the medium of communication

    Conflict-Aware Active Automata Learning

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    Active automata learning algorithms cannot easily handle conflict in the observation data (different outputs observed for the same inputs). This inherent inability to recover after a conflict impairs their effective applicability in scenarios where noise is present or the system under learning is mutating. We propose the Conflict-Aware Active Automata Learning (C AL) framework to enable handling conflicting information during the learning process. The core idea is to consider the so-called observation tree as a first-class citizen in the learning process. Though this idea is explored in recent work, we take it to its full effect by enabling its use with any existing learner and minimizing the number of tests performed on the system under learning, specially in the face of conflicts. We evaluate C AL in a large set of benchmarks, covering over 30 different realistic targets, and over 18,000 different scenarios. The results of the evaluation show that C AL is a suitable alternative framework for closed-box learning that can better handle noise and mutations

    Innovation development strategy for hybrid learning based English teaching and learning

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    This research is motivated by the importance of the modernization of the implementation of learning in the education system within the university. The existence of various limitations of human resources, study space, and time to face-to-face causes the learning process to experience various obstacles to achieve optimal results. Learning in the form of Hybrid learning is one of several alternative efforts to improve the quality and quantity of the lecture process. Through learning by using Hybrid learning, students and lecturers can interact in learning across distances, time and space. The objective of this research was to obtain an overview of the Hybrid learning model to improve digital literacy of students in the learning process. The data obtained from this study were the results of document analysis, observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The sources of this study were students of the English Language Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Educational Sciences, Pakuan University who were registered as active students for the 2018/2019 school year. The stages of research were observation, instrument calibration, research, evaluation, data analysis, revision of research results, dissemination of results, and reporting. The result of the research showed that the students' digital literacy was improved through the process of hybrid learning

    Redesigning the Scuba Diving Tourism System According to Principles of Sustainability

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    Since the 1940s scuba diving tourism has become popular all over the world, however, this demand also has brought human-driven negative impacts on underwater surroundings. Reducing adverse effects on the marine environment and maximising the unique scuba diving experience depends on long-term socio-economic benefits and protecting natural and alternative marine resources. Over the last decade, system-based approaches have been developed by researchers to examine the interaction of scuba diving activities. However, a better understanding of principles of sustainability and practices and having a broad knowledge about how these are based on normative aspects can provide advantages for stakeholders in the system to reduce negative impacts. Therefore, this thesis aims to redesign the scuba diving tourism system thorough defining the normative aspects based on principles of sustainability. Investigating the research question “to what extent do the normative aspects of the scuba diving tourism system address principles of sustainability”, this study uses an interpretive paradigm as the phenomenological qualitative research method. As a destination that has developed a distinctive but significant scuba diving tourism sector, the main research took place in the Mediterranean archipelago of Malta using face to face interviews with stakeholders and in-situ observation via active participation. As a result, a new systems approach as `Sustainable Scuba Diving Tourism System` (S-SDTS) is proposed which is redesigned based on normative aspects founded on principles of sustainability

    Flip Cup: Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption in Modern China

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    The habits and attitudes surrounding the consumption of alcohol, in any culture, are just another lens through which we can look to better understand social life. The hierarchical social systems in China, which dictate common behavior, are unique. Much work has been written on the topic of guanxiand face: the defining factors for China’s ubiquitous, self-affirming system of relationships. Drinking culture is perhaps more interesting to travel bloggers than academics, but I believe that China’s drinking culture is a direct practice in guanxi production. The darker side of China’s drinking culture is anexercise in preserving face. The gap in the literature is somewhere between editorial pieces aimed at businessmen, advising them the develop an iron liver before opening up shop in the Middle Kingdom, and broader studies in health, where authors are frustrated by a lack of reliable information. My procedures included active participant observation in alcohol-infused social settings, guided and unguided interviews of people of many age, ethnic, and geographic backgrounds, and the analysis of several books and studies about the purpose of drinking alcohol in modern China. My results are that the extravagance and extremity of Chinese drinking culture both come from and are reinforced by the cultural practice of preserving face and guanxi. This project became a critique of systematic inefficiency. I conclude that the system perpetuates willful ignorance over problem solving in areas ranging from mental health to corruption. However, there is hope for change in the younger generations

    A distributed camera system for multi-resolution surveillance

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    We describe an architecture for a multi-camera, multi-resolution surveillance system. The aim is to support a set of distributed static and pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras and visual tracking algorithms, together with a central supervisor unit. Each camera (and possibly pan-tilt device) has a dedicated process and processor. Asynchronous interprocess communications and archiving of data are achieved in a simple and effective way via a central repository, implemented using an SQL database. Visual tracking data from static views are stored dynamically into tables in the database via client calls to the SQL server. A supervisor process running on the SQL server determines if active zoom cameras should be dispatched to observe a particular target, and this message is effected via writing demands into another database table. We show results from a real implementation of the system comprising one static camera overviewing the environment under consideration and a PTZ camera operating under closed-loop velocity control, which uses a fast and robust level-set-based region tracker. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and its feasibility to multi-camera systems for intelligent surveillance

    Cognitive visual tracking and camera control

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    Cognitive visual tracking is the process of observing and understanding the behaviour of a moving person. This paper presents an efficient solution to extract, in real-time, high-level information from an observed scene, and generate the most appropriate commands for a set of pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras in a surveillance scenario. Such a high-level feedback control loop, which is the main novelty of our work, will serve to reduce uncertainties in the observed scene and to maximize the amount of information extracted from it. It is implemented with a distributed camera system using SQL tables as virtual communication channels, and Situation Graph Trees for knowledge representation, inference and high-level camera control. A set of experiments in a surveillance scenario show the effectiveness of our approach and its potential for real applications of cognitive vision

    Functional and structural brain differences associated with mirror-touch synaesthesia

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    Observing touch is known to activate regions of the somatosensory cortex but the interpretation of this finding is controversial (e.g. does it reflect the simulated action of touching or the simulated reception of touch?). For most people, observing touch is not linked to reported experiences of feeling touch but in some people it is (mirror-touch synaesthetes). We conducted an fMRI study in which participants (mirror-touch synaesthetes, controls) watched movies of stimuli (face, dummy, object) being touched or approached. In addition we examined whether mirror touch synaesthesia is associated with local changes of grey and white matter volume in the brain using VBM (voxel-based morphometry). Both synaesthetes and controls activated the somatosensory system (primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, SI and SII) when viewing touch, and the same regions were activated (by a separate localiser) when feeling touch — i.e. there is a mirror system for touch. However, when comparing the two groups, we found evidence that SII seems to play a particular important role in mirror-touch synaesthesia: in synaesthetes, but not in controls, posterior SII was active for watching touch to a face (in addition to SI and posterior temporal lobe); activity in SII correlated with subjective intensity measures of mirror-touch synaesthesia (taken outside the scanner), and we observed an increase in grey matter volume within the SII of the synaesthetes' brains. In addition, the synaesthetes showed hypo-activity when watching touch to a dummy in posterior SII. We conclude that the secondary somatosensory cortex has a key role in this form of synaesthesia

    PATH: Person Authentication using Trace Histories

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    In this paper, a solution to the problem of Active Authentication using trace histories is addressed. Specifically, the task is to perform user verification on mobile devices using historical location traces of the user as a function of time. Considering the movement of a human as a Markovian motion, a modified Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based solution is proposed. The proposed method, namely the Marginally Smoothed HMM (MSHMM), utilizes the marginal probabilities of location and timing information of the observations to smooth-out the emission probabilities while training. Hence, it can efficiently handle unforeseen observations during the test phase. The verification performance of this method is compared to a sequence matching (SM) method , a Markov Chain-based method (MC) and an HMM with basic Laplace Smoothing (HMM-lap). Experimental results using the location information of the UMD Active Authentication Dataset-02 (UMDAA02) and the GeoLife dataset are presented. The proposed MSHMM method outperforms the compared methods in terms of equal error rate (EER). Additionally, the effects of different parameters on the proposed method are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures. Best Paper award at IEEE UEMCON 201

    MENGIDENTIFIKASI PROSES PEMBELAJARAN IPA SISWA KELAS IV DI SD NEGERI TALABIU PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

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    The purpose of this study was to find out the science learning carried out for fourth grade students at SDN Talabiu for the 2020/2021 academic year during the Covid-19 period. This type of research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach where the researcher emphasizes on humans and sees firsthand the existing situation without changing the events that occur in the field. As for the subject in this study is the learning activities of class IV students. The main instrument used in this study were interviews and direct observation of activities carried out in the learning process. The results of the interview will be analyzed qualitatively through several stages starting from data reduction activities, data display, and conclusions or verification. The results showed that the learning process was carried out for fourth grade students at SDN Talabiu. At the beginning of the Covid-19 outbreak, the school had used the online method, by means of a WA group. But it turns out that using the online system or studying at home is not effective, the ineffectiveness can be seen from the students themselves who do not understand how to use the application, and finally schools are closed. After Covid-19 was seen to be preventable by complying with health protocols, schools were active again by using rules or offline (face-to-face) methods. But still comply with health protocols, and use a shift learning system
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