Prediction of the aerodynamic behavior of a rounded corner square cylinder at zero incidence using ANN

AbstractThe aerodynamic behavior of a square cylinder with rounded corner edges in steady flow regime in the range of Reynolds number (Re) 5–45; is predicted by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) using MATLAB. The ANN has trained by back propagation algorithm. The ANN requires input and output data to train the network, which is obtained from the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT in the present study. In FLUENT, all the governing equations are discretized by the finite volume method. Results from numerical simulation and back propagation based ANN have been compared. It has been discovered that the ANN predicts the aerodynamic behavior correctly within the given range of the training data. It is additionally observed that back propagation based ANN is an effective tool to forecast the aerodynamic behavior than simulation, that has very much longer computational time

Heat Transfer Mechanism In Particle-Laden Turbulent Shearless Flows

Particle-laden turbulent flows are one of the complex flow regimes involved in a wide range of environmental, industrial, biomedical and aeronautical applications. Recently the interest has included also the interaction between scalars and particles, and the complex scenario which arises from the interaction of particle finite inertia, temperature transport, and momentum and heat feedback of particles on the flow leads to a multi-scale and multi-physics phenomenon which is not yet fully understood. The present work aims to investigate the fluid-particle thermal interaction in turbulent mixing under one-way and two-way coupling regimes. A recent novel numerical framework has been used to investigate the impact of suspended sub-Kolmogorov inertial particles on heat transfer within the mixing layer which develops at the interface of two regions with different temperature in an isotropic turbulent flow. Temperature has been considered a passive scalar, advected by the solenoidal velocity field, and subject to the particle thermal feedback in the two-way regime. A self-similar stage always develops where all single-point statistics of the carrier fluid and the suspended particles collapse when properly re-scaled. We quantify the effect of particle inertial, parametrized through the Stokes and thermal Stokes numbers, on the heat transfer through the Nusselt number, defined as the ratio of the heat transfer to the thermal diffusion. A scale analysis will be presented. We show how the modulation of fluid temperature gradients due to the statistical alignments of the particle velocity and the local carrier flow temperature gradient field, impacts the overall heat transfer in the two-way coupling regime

Autonomous Vehicles

This edited volume, Autonomous Vehicles, is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of vehicle autonomy. The book comprises nine chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the field of study. All chapters are complete in itself but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims to provide a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors, open new possible research paths for further novel developments, and to inspire the younger generations into pursuing relevant academic studies and professional careers within the autonomous vehicle field

Visual anemometry: physics-informed inference of wind for renewable energy, urban sustainability, and environmental science

Accurate measurements of atmospheric flows at meter-scale resolution are essential for a broad range of sustainability applications, including optimal design of wind and solar farms, safe and efficient urban air mobility, monitoring of environmental phenomena such as wildfires and air pollution dispersal, and data assimilation into weather and climate models. Measurement of the relevant microscale wind flows is inherently challenged by the optical transparency of the wind. This review explores new ways in which physics can be leveraged to "see" environmental flows non-intrusively, that is, without the need to place measurement instruments directly in the flows of interest. Specifically, while the wind itself is transparent, its effect can be visually observed in the motion of objects embedded in the environment and subjected to wind -- swaying trees and flapping flags are commonly encountered examples. We describe emerging efforts to accomplish visual anemometry, the task of quantitatively inferring local wind conditions based on the physics of observed flow-structure interactions. Approaches based on first-principles physics as well as data-driven, machine learning methods will be described, and remaining obstacles to fully generalizable visual anemometry will be discussed.Comment: In revie

Numerical Analysis and Prediction of Unsteady Forced Convection over a Sharp and Rounded Edged Square Cylinder

An unsteady two-dimensional forced convection over a square cylinder with sharp and rounded corner edge is numerically analyzed for the low Reynolds number laminar flow regime. In this study, the analysis is carried out for Reynolds number (Re) in the range of 80 to 180 with Prandtl number (Pr) variation from 0.01 to 1000 for various corner radius (r=0.50, 0.51, 0.54, 0.59, 0.64 and 0.71). The lateral sides of the computational domain are kept constant to maintain the blockage as 5%. Heat transfer due to unsteady forced convection has been predicted by Artificial Neural network (ANN). The present ANN is trained by the input and output data which has been acquired from the numerical simulation, performed in finite volume based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) commercial software FLUENT. The heat transfer characteristics over the sharp and rounded corner square cylinder are evaluated by analyzing the local Nusselt number (Nulocal), average Nusselt number (Nuavg) at various Reynolds number, Prandtl numbers and for various corner radii. It is found that the heat transfer rate of a circular cylinder can be enhanced by 12% when Re is varying and 14% when Prandtl number is varying by introducing a new cylinder geometry of corner radius r=0.51. It is found that the unsteady forced convection heat transfer over a cylinder can be predicted appropriately by ANN. It is also observed that the back propagation ANN can predict the heat transfer characteristics of forced convection very quickly compared to a standard CFD method

New Advances in Fluid Structure Interaction

Fluid–structure interactions (FSIs) play a crucial role in the design, construction, service and maintenance of many engineering applications, e.g., aircraft, towers, pipes, offshore platforms and long-span bridges. The old Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) is probably one of the most infamous examples of serious accidents due to the action of FSIs. Aircraft wings and wind-turbine blades can be broken because of FSI-induced oscillations. To alleviate or eliminate these unfavorable effects, FSIs must be dealt with in ocean, coastal, offshore and marine engineering to design safe and sustainable engineering structures. In addition, the wind effects on plants and the resultant wind-induced motions are examples of FSIs in nature. To meet the objectives of progress and innovation in FSIs in various scenarios of engineering applications and control schemes, this book includes 15 research studies and collects the most recent and cutting-edge developments on these relevant issues. The topics cover different areas associated with FSIs, including wind loads, flow control, energy harvesting, buffeting and flutter, complex flow characteristics, train–bridge interactions and the application of neural networks in related fields. In summary, these complementary contributions in this publication provide a volume of recent knowledge in the growing field of FSIs

Aeronautical engineering: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 257)

This bibliography lists 560 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in September 1990. Subject coverage includes: design, construction and testing of aircraft and aircraft engines; aircraft components, equipment and systems; ground support systems; and theoretical and applied aspects of aerodynamics and general fluid dynamics

Design Optimization of Wind Energy Conversion Systems with Applications

Modern and larger horizontal-axis wind turbines with power capacity reaching 15 MW and rotors of more than 235-meter diameter are under continuous development for the merit of minimizing the unit cost of energy production (total annual cost/annual energy produced). Such valuable advances in this competitive source of clean energy have made numerous research contributions in developing wind industry technologies worldwide. This book provides important information on the optimum design of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) with a comprehensive and self-contained handling of design fundamentals of wind turbines. Section I deals with optimal production of energy, multi-disciplinary optimization of wind turbines, aerodynamic and structural dynamic optimization and aeroelasticity of the rotating blades. Section II considers operational monitoring, reliability and optimal control of wind turbine components

Design Optimization of Wind Energy Conversion Systems with Applications

Modern and larger horizontal-axis wind turbines with power capacity reaching 15 MW and rotors of more than 235-meter diameter are under continuous development for the merit of minimizing the unit cost of energy production (total annual cost/annual energy produced). Such valuable advances in this competitive source of clean energy have made numerous research contributions in developing wind industry technologies worldwide. This book provides important information on the optimum design of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) with a comprehensive and self-contained handling of design fundamentals of wind turbines. Section I deals with optimal production of energy, multi-disciplinary optimization of wind turbines, aerodynamic and structural dynamic optimization and aeroelasticity of the rotating blades. Section II considers operational monitoring, reliability and optimal control of wind turbine components

Aeronautical engineering: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 254)

This bibliography lists 538 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in June 1990. Subject coverage includes: design, construction and testing of aircraft and aircraft engines; aircraft components, equipment and systems; ground support systems; and theoretical and applied aspects of aerodynamics and general fluid dynamics