Anti-Candida activity of the human gut metabolome

L’intestin humain contient une variété de microbes commensaux qui sont représentés par divers organismes appartenant aux trois domaines de la vie où les Eukarya sont essentiellement représentés par le règne des champignons. La levure commensale et opportuniste Candida albicans a été identifiée comme étant le champignon le plus commun dans l’intestin des humains sains. Des études récentes soutiennent que malgré leur faible abondance les levures du genre Candida peuvent altérer l'équilibre du microbiote et conduire à des dysbioses ou des pathologies récurrentes comme la maladie de Crohn et les colites ulcéreuses. Il a été démontré que le microbiote commensal joue un rôle essentiel dans la protection de l’intestin contre la colonisation par des bactéries pathogènes et des pathobiontes. Cependant, jusqu'à présent, on ignore si la prolifération ou la pathogénicité de C. albicans peuvent être contrôlées par d'autres microbiotes fécaux. Dans cette étude, nous avons démontré que le métabolome microbien de l'intestin humain exerce une activité antifongique contre C. albicans et d’autres levures qui résident au niveau intestinal. Ces métabolites inhibent plusieurs traits de virulence de C. albicans incluant la filamentation et l'invasion des cellules humaines. De plus, un crible génétique chez C. albicans a suggéré que TOR est la cible moléculaire de la ou des molécules antifongiques du métabolome microbien de l'intestin humain.The human gut contains a variety of commensal microbes which are composed of diverse organisms that belong to all three domains of life with Eukarya primarily represented by fungi. The commensal / opportunistic yeast Candida albicans has been reported as the most common fungus in the gut of healthy humans. Recent evidences support that, this small fraction can alter the microbiota equilibrium leading to dysbiosis and diseases like inflammatory bowel diseases. It has been demonstrated that commensal microbiota plays a critical role in the protection of the gut against colonization by other bacterial pathogens and pathobionts. However, so far, whether C. albicans overgrowth or pathogenicity are controlled by other fecal microbiota is not known. In this study, we showed that the human microbial gut metabolome (GM) exerts an antifungal activity against different intestinal-resident yeasts including hyphal growth and the invasion of human enterocytes of C. albicans. Furthermore, a genetic screen in C. albicans suggested that TOR is the molecular target of the antifungal molecule(s) of the GM

Commencement Exercises Program, August 10, 1945 - Transcription

Transcription of Bryant\u27s 82nd graduation ceremony. Includes remarks by Rhode Island Governor J. Howard McGrath, Pauline Bertha Fournier (student), Thomas J. Watson (International Business Machines Corporation President), Henry L. Jacobs (Bryant President), George A. Richards (Bryant faculty member), Milton Bolton (student) and Reverend Father Daniel M. Galliher

Extremal loop weight modules and tensor products for quantum toroidal algebras

We define integrable representations of quantum toroidal algebras of type A by tensor product, using the Drinfeld "coproduct". This allow us to recover the vector representations recently introduced by Feigin-Jimbo-Miwa-Mukhin [6] and constructed by the author [21] as a subfamily of extremal loop weight modules. In addition we get new extremal loop weight modules as subquotients of tensor powers of vector representations. As an application we obtain finite-dimensional representations of quantum toroidal algebras by specializing the quantum parameter at roots of unity.Comment: 30 page

Justice (Vol. 12, Iss. 25)

Justice was the official publication of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences. This is the English-language edition of Justice.Justice_12_8.pdf: 24 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

A Systematic Study on Direct Photon Production from Central Heavy Ion Collisions

We investigate the production of direct photons in central Au-Au collisions at the relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at 200 GeV per nucleon, considering all possible sources. We treat thermal photons emitted from a quark-gluon plasma and from a hadron gas, based on a realistic thermodynamic expansion. Hard photons from elementary nucleon-nucleon scatterings are included: primordial elementary scatterings are certainly dominant at large transverse momenta, but also secondary photons from jet fragmentation and jet-photon conversion cannot be ignored. In both cases we study the effect of energy loss, and we also consider photons emitted from bremsstrahlung gluons via fragmentation.Comment: 13 pages 19 figure

A study to compare the frequency and type of physical complaints verbalized by emotionally disturbed children when they are serving an isolatory restriction at bedtime with the frequency and type of physical complaints verbalized by the same children when they are not serving an isolatory restriction at bedtime

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

The relationship of public health nursing experience of the hospital nurse to her awareness of community resources and their services

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit