75,614 research outputs found
DeepGauge: Multi-Granularity Testing Criteria for Deep Learning Systems
Deep learning (DL) defines a new data-driven programming paradigm that
constructs the internal system logic of a crafted neuron network through a set
of training data. We have seen wide adoption of DL in many safety-critical
scenarios. However, a plethora of studies have shown that the state-of-the-art
DL systems suffer from various vulnerabilities which can lead to severe
consequences when applied to real-world applications. Currently, the testing
adequacy of a DL system is usually measured by the accuracy of test data.
Considering the limitation of accessible high quality test data, good accuracy
performance on test data can hardly provide confidence to the testing adequacy
and generality of DL systems. Unlike traditional software systems that have
clear and controllable logic and functionality, the lack of interpretability in
a DL system makes system analysis and defect detection difficult, which could
potentially hinder its real-world deployment. In this paper, we propose
DeepGauge, a set of multi-granularity testing criteria for DL systems, which
aims at rendering a multi-faceted portrayal of the testbed. The in-depth
evaluation of our proposed testing criteria is demonstrated on two well-known
datasets, five DL systems, and with four state-of-the-art adversarial attack
techniques against DL. The potential usefulness of DeepGauge sheds light on the
construction of more generic and robust DL systems.Comment: The 33rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software
Engineering (ASE 2018
On Synergies Between Information Retrieval and Digital Libraries
In this paper we present the results of a longitudinal analysis of ACM SIGIR papers from 2003 to 2017. ACM SIGIR is the main venue where Information Retrieval (IR) research and innovative results are presented yearly; it is a highly competitive venue and only the best and most relevant works are accepted for publication. The analysis of ACM SIGIR papers gives us a unique opportunity to understand where the field is going and what are the most trending topics in information access and search.
In particular, we conduct this analysis with a focus on Digital Library (DL) topics to understand what is the relation between these two fields that we know to be closely linked. We see that DL provide document collections and challenging tasks to be addressed by the IR community and in turn exploit the latest advancements in IR to improve the offered services.
We also point to the role of public investments in the DL field as one of the core drivers of DL research which in turn may also have a positive effect on information accessing and searching in general
Serum Uric Acid Predicts All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Independently of Hypertriglyceridemia in Cardiometabolic Patients without Established CV Disease: A Sub-Analysis of the URic acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) Study
High serum uric acid (SUA) and triglyceride (TG) levels might promote high-cardiovascular risk phenotypes across the cardiometabolic spectrum. However, SUA predictive power in the presence of normal and high TG levels has never been investigated. We included 8124 patients from the URic acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) study cohort who were followed for over 20 years and had no established cardiovascular disease or uncontrolled metabolic disease. All-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) were explored by the Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox multivariable regression, adopting recently defined SUA cut-offs for ACM (>= 4.7 mg/dL) and CVM (>= 5.6 mg/dL). Exploratory analysis across cardiometabolic subgroups and a sensitivity analysis using SUA/serum creatinine were performed as validation. SUA predicted ACM (HR 1.25 [1.12-1.40], p < 0.001) and CVM (1.31 [1.11-1.74], p < 0.001) in the whole study population, and according to TG strata: ACM in normotriglyceridemia (HR 1.26 [1.12-1.43], p < 0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (1.31 [1.02-1.68], p = 0.033), and CVM in normotriglyceridemia (HR 1.46 [1.23-1.73], p < 0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR 1.31 [0.99-1.64], p = 0.060). Exploratory and sensitivity analyses confirmed our findings, suggesting a substantial role of SUA in normotriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemia. In conclusion, we report that SUA can predict ACM and CVM in cardiometabolic patients without established cardiovascular disease, independent of TG levels
PowerPlanningDL: Reliability-Aware Framework for On-Chip Power Grid Design using Deep Learning
With the increase in the complexity of chip designs, VLSI physical design has
become a time-consuming task, which is an iterative design process. Power
planning is that part of the floorplanning in VLSI physical design where power
grid networks are designed in order to provide adequate power to all the
underlying functional blocks. Power planning also requires multiple iterative
steps to create the power grid network while satisfying the allowed worst-case
IR drop and Electromigration (EM) margin. For the first time, this paper
introduces Deep learning (DL)-based framework to approximately predict the
initial design of the power grid network, considering different reliability
constraints. The proposed framework reduces many iterative design steps and
speeds up the total design cycle. Neural Network-based multi-target regression
technique is used to create the DL model. Feature extraction is done, and the
training dataset is generated from the floorplans of some of the power grid
designs extracted from the IBM processor. The DL model is trained using the
generated dataset. The proposed DL-based framework is validated using a new set
of power grid specifications (obtained by perturbing the designs used in the
training phase). The results show that the predicted power grid design is
closer to the original design with minimal prediction error (~2%). The proposed
DL-based approach also improves the design cycle time with a speedup of ~6X for
standard power grid benchmarks.Comment: Published in proceedings of IEEE/ACM Design, Automation and Test in
Europe Conference (DATE) 2020, 6 page
Serum Uric Acid Predicts All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Independently of Hypertriglyceridemia in Cardiometabolic Patients without Established CV Disease: A Sub-Analysis of the URic acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) Study
High serum uric acid (SUA) and triglyceride (TG) levels might promote high-cardiovascular risk phenotypes across the cardiometabolic spectrum. However, SUA predictive power in the presence of normal and high TG levels has never been investigated. We included 8124 patients from the URic acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) study cohort who were followed for over 20 years and had no established cardiovascular disease or uncontrolled metabolic disease. All-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) were explored by the Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox multivariable regression, adopting recently defined SUA cut-offs for ACM (≥4.7 mg/dL) and CVM (≥5.6 mg/dL). Exploratory analysis across cardiometabolic subgroups and a sensitivity analysis using SUA/serum creatinine were performed as validation. SUA predicted ACM (HR 1.25 [1.12-1.40], p < 0.001) and CVM (1.31 [1.11-1.74], p < 0.001) in the whole study population, and according to TG strata: ACM in normotriglyceridemia (HR 1.26 [1.12-1.43], p < 0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (1.31 [1.02-1.68], p = 0.033), and CVM in normotriglyceridemia (HR 1.46 [1.23-1.73], p < 0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (HR 1.31 [0.99-1.64], p = 0.060). Exploratory and sensitivity analyses confirmed our findings, suggesting a substantial role of SUA in normotriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemia. In conclusion, we report that SUA can predict ACM and CVM in cardiometabolic patients without established cardiovascular disease, independent of TG levels
- …