The Anchor, Volume 97.14: January 16, 1985

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor\u27s history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular

Constitutional change in Brazil: Political and financial decentralisation, 1981-1991.

The aim of the present study is to investigate how and why a country facing issues that needed to be tackled nationwide chose to decentralise political power and financial resources when it moved from military rule to redemocratisation. Furthermore, the study examines whether the decision to decentralise taken in Brazil in the period 1981-1991 has changed the allocation of public expenditure at sub-national level, especially to education. By analysing the decision to decentralise and its results at the sub-national level, the study embodies both an upstream and a downstream approach. The upstream approach encompasses the topics related to decentralisation in the Brazilian Constituent National Assembly that sat from 1987 to 1988. Research sources are based on the archives of the Constituent National Assembly and on interviews with key political leaders in Congress and practitioners. The decision to decentralise is analysed in three dimensions: the relationship between political parties and the State; intra- and inter-party competition; and regional cleavages. The downstream approach comprises three case studies: the state of Bahia, its capital, Salvador, and its most industrialised municipality, Camacari. The political analysis is based on (a) interviews with politicians in executive and in legislative positions, and officials and (b) newspaper material as a complementary source. The financial performance is based on the analysis of expenditure extracted from balance sheets. This study fills four gaps in political-science and public-administration works on contemporary Brazil First, it deepens the understanding of how and why Brazil became such a decentralised nation. Second, it links the analysis of political and financial resources. Third, it highlights differences between levels of government in their experiences with decentralisation. Fourth, it investigates the impact of decentralisation on political arrangements and on education expenditure. The results suggest that in Brazil there was a lack of social consensus on what was to be achieved by decentralisation. They suggest that decentralisation fosters democracy but its impacts on policy results have so far been limited. The evidence further implies that decentralisation and democratisation bring about a fragmentation of power without necessarily disintegrating previous political coalitions or changing the way public resources are spent. These findings indicate that various political and economic factors influence the outcomes of decentralisation, thus exposing the limits of decentralisation on policy results

2007, UMaine News Press Releases

This is a catalog of press releases put out by the University of Maine Division of Marketing and Communications between January 8, 2007 and December 27, 2007

Dissident Communism in Catalonia 1930-1936

PhDThis thesis traces the history of dissident communism in Catalonia during the years of the Spanish Second Republic. It centres on the ideological, organisational and tactical development of the Bloc Obrer i Camperol (Workers and Peasants Bloc) and, from 1935, the Partido Obrero de Unificacion Marxista (Workers Party of Marxist Unification). It places the dissident communist parties in the context of the turbulent years leading up to the Civil War and the changing fortunes of the Spanish workers movement both in Catalonia and at a national level. In particular, the history of the BOC and POUM is examined in relation both to other tendencies in the region's labour movement - anarcho-syndicalists, socialists and "Official" communists - and to Catalan nationalism. Reference is also made to the Catalan dissident communists' relations with, and ideological differences from, the international communist movement. The principal aspects of the BOC's and POUM's politics - united front and trade union policies, the agrarian and national questions, concept of the revolutionary party and analysis of the threat of fascism - are placed in their overall context. Finally, the analysis underlying their positions - the impossibility of the middle classes or petty bourgeoisie carrying out the final stages of the bourgeois (democratic) revolution, the choice between revolution or counter-revolution - is assessed critically throughout the thesis

Lawrence University Course Catalog, 2017-2018

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Lawrence University Course Catalog, 2012-2013

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Lawrence University Course Catalog, 2013-2014

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Lawrence University Course Catalog, 2014-2015

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