581 research outputs found

    Mapping the Focal Points of WordPress: A Software and Critical Code Analysis

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    Programming languages or code can be examined through numerous analytical lenses. This project is a critical analysis of WordPress, a prevalent web content management system, applying four modes of inquiry. The project draws on theoretical perspectives and areas of study in media, software, platforms, code, language, and power structures. The applied research is based on Critical Code Studies, an interdisciplinary field of study that holds the potential as a theoretical lens and methodological toolkit to understand computational code beyond its function. The project begins with a critical code analysis of WordPress, examining its origins and source code and mapping selected vulnerabilities. An examination of the influence of digital and computational thinking follows this. The work also explores the intersection of code patching and vulnerability management and how code shapes our sense of control, trust, and empathy, ultimately arguing that a rhetorical-cultural lens can be used to better understand code\u27s controlling influence. Recurring themes throughout these analyses and observations are the connections to power and vulnerability in WordPress\u27 code and how cultural, processual, rhetorical, and ethical implications can be expressed through its code, creating a particular worldview. Code\u27s emergent properties help illustrate how human values and practices (e.g., empathy, aesthetics, language, and trust) become encoded in software design and how people perceive the software through its worldview. These connected analyses reveal cultural, processual, and vulnerability focal points and the influence these entanglements have concerning WordPress as code, software, and platform. WordPress is a complex sociotechnical platform worthy of further study, as is the interdisciplinary merging of theoretical perspectives and disciplines to critically examine code. Ultimately, this project helps further enrich the field by introducing focal points in code, examining sociocultural phenomena within the code, and offering techniques to apply critical code methods

    La traduzione specializzata all’opera per una piccola impresa in espansione: la mia esperienza di internazionalizzazione in cinese di Bioretics© S.r.l.

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    Global markets are currently immersed in two all-encompassing and unstoppable processes: internationalization and globalization. While the former pushes companies to look beyond the borders of their country of origin to forge relationships with foreign trading partners, the latter fosters the standardization in all countries, by reducing spatiotemporal distances and breaking down geographical, political, economic and socio-cultural barriers. In recent decades, another domain has appeared to propel these unifying drives: Artificial Intelligence, together with its high technologies aiming to implement human cognitive abilities in machinery. The “Language Toolkit – Le lingue straniere al servizio dell’internazionalizzazione dell’impresa” project, promoted by the Department of Interpreting and Translation (Forlì Campus) in collaboration with the Romagna Chamber of Commerce (Forlì-Cesena and Rimini), seeks to help Italian SMEs make their way into the global market. It is precisely within this project that this dissertation has been conceived. Indeed, its purpose is to present the translation and localization project from English into Chinese of a series of texts produced by Bioretics© S.r.l.: an investor deck, the company website and part of the installation and use manual of the Aliquis© framework software, its flagship product. This dissertation is structured as follows: Chapter 1 presents the project and the company in detail; Chapter 2 outlines the internationalization and globalization processes and the Artificial Intelligence market both in Italy and in China; Chapter 3 provides the theoretical foundations for every aspect related to Specialized Translation, including website localization; Chapter 4 describes the resources and tools used to perform the translations; Chapter 5 proposes an analysis of the source texts; Chapter 6 is a commentary on translation strategies and choices

    20th SC@RUG 2023 proceedings 2022-2023

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    20th SC@RUG 2023 proceedings 2022-2023

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    Towards trustworthy computing on untrustworthy hardware

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    Historically, hardware was thought to be inherently secure and trusted due to its obscurity and the isolated nature of its design and manufacturing. In the last two decades, however, hardware trust and security have emerged as pressing issues. Modern day hardware is surrounded by threats manifested mainly in undesired modifications by untrusted parties in its supply chain, unauthorized and pirated selling, injected faults, and system and microarchitectural level attacks. These threats, if realized, are expected to push hardware to abnormal and unexpected behaviour causing real-life damage and significantly undermining our trust in the electronic and computing systems we use in our daily lives and in safety critical applications. A large number of detective and preventive countermeasures have been proposed in literature. It is a fact, however, that our knowledge of potential consequences to real-life threats to hardware trust is lacking given the limited number of real-life reports and the plethora of ways in which hardware trust could be undermined. With this in mind, run-time monitoring of hardware combined with active mitigation of attacks, referred to as trustworthy computing on untrustworthy hardware, is proposed as the last line of defence. This last line of defence allows us to face the issue of live hardware mistrust rather than turning a blind eye to it or being helpless once it occurs. This thesis proposes three different frameworks towards trustworthy computing on untrustworthy hardware. The presented frameworks are adaptable to different applications, independent of the design of the monitored elements, based on autonomous security elements, and are computationally lightweight. The first framework is concerned with explicit violations and breaches of trust at run-time, with an untrustworthy on-chip communication interconnect presented as a potential offender. The framework is based on the guiding principles of component guarding, data tagging, and event verification. The second framework targets hardware elements with inherently variable and unpredictable operational latency and proposes a machine-learning based characterization of these latencies to infer undesired latency extensions or denial of service attacks. The framework is implemented on a DDR3 DRAM after showing its vulnerability to obscured latency extension attacks. The third framework studies the possibility of the deployment of untrustworthy hardware elements in the analog front end, and the consequent integrity issues that might arise at the analog-digital boundary of system on chips. The framework uses machine learning methods and the unique temporal and arithmetic features of signals at this boundary to monitor their integrity and assess their trust level

    TBFormer: Two-Branch Transformer for Image Forgery Localization

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    Image forgery localization aims to identify forged regions by capturing subtle traces from high-quality discriminative features. In this paper, we propose a Transformer-style network with two feature extraction branches for image forgery localization, and it is named as Two-Branch Transformer (TBFormer). Firstly, two feature extraction branches are elaborately designed, taking advantage of the discriminative stacked Transformer layers, for both RGB and noise domain features. Secondly, an Attention-aware Hierarchical-feature Fusion Module (AHFM) is proposed to effectively fuse hierarchical features from two different domains. Although the two feature extraction branches have the same architecture, their features have significant differences since they are extracted from different domains. We adopt position attention to embed them into a unified feature domain for hierarchical feature investigation. Finally, a Transformer decoder is constructed for feature reconstruction to generate the predicted mask. Extensive experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

    A robust detection and localization technique for copy-move forgery in digital images

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    Image forensic analysis becomes a major role in the field of digital image security due to tampering and forgery. The image forgery violates the authenticity and ownership of digital images. Copy-move forgery considers a significant kind of image forensic analysis algorithm. In this kind, the forger copies a part of an original image and then pastes it into the selected position from the same image. The purpose of forgery is to hide or highlight a specific region of the original image. To detect copy-move forgery, there are two traditional techniques: block-based and keypoint-based. The main drawback of the keypoint-based technique is the insufficient features for the small and flat regions, which causes undetected forgery. In contrast, the block-based technique has intensive processing. Therefore, this paper proposes a robust scheme that overcomes the drawbacks of the above techniques and maintains their advantages. This scheme adopts three connected stages, the first detects the initial duplicated regions using the SURF-HOG detector and descriptor. Subsequently, the second stage localizes the primary matched regions by SLIC segmentation and then selects the suspicious neighbor regions to be combined with primary regions to obtain the active regions. In the third stage, the block-based technique adopts overlapping Zernike moments to extract sufficient key points from the produced active regions. In the final stage, the duplicated regions are classified into authentic or forged regions. The proposed scheme provides not only forgery detection but also localization and recognition for the duplicated regions. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is fast and has high accuracy for forgery detection and localization, at least 93.75, and 7.25 in terms of True Positive and False Positive Rates. Moreover, the scheme has high robustness under various conditions and attacks such as geometric transformation attacks and compound photometric attacks. The proposed scheme can be used in sensitive applications such as cybercrime detection and adopted as evidence in the courts
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