18,215 research outputs found
Open Data, Grey Data, and Stewardship: Universities at the Privacy Frontier
As universities recognize the inherent value in the data they collect and
hold, they encounter unforeseen challenges in stewarding those data in ways
that balance accountability, transparency, and protection of privacy, academic
freedom, and intellectual property. Two parallel developments in academic data
collection are converging: (1) open access requirements, whereby researchers
must provide access to their data as a condition of obtaining grant funding or
publishing results in journals; and (2) the vast accumulation of 'grey data'
about individuals in their daily activities of research, teaching, learning,
services, and administration. The boundaries between research and grey data are
blurring, making it more difficult to assess the risks and responsibilities
associated with any data collection. Many sets of data, both research and grey,
fall outside privacy regulations such as HIPAA, FERPA, and PII. Universities
are exploiting these data for research, learning analytics, faculty evaluation,
strategic decisions, and other sensitive matters. Commercial entities are
besieging universities with requests for access to data or for partnerships to
mine them. The privacy frontier facing research universities spans open access
practices, uses and misuses of data, public records requests, cyber risk, and
curating data for privacy protection. This paper explores the competing values
inherent in data stewardship and makes recommendations for practice, drawing on
the pioneering work of the University of California in privacy and information
security, data governance, and cyber risk.Comment: Final published version, Sept 30, 201
Challenges of capturing engagement on Facebook for Altmetrics
Previous research shows that, despite its popularity, Facebook is less
frequently used to share academic content. In order to investigate this
discrepancy we set out to explore engagement numbers through their Graph API by
querying the Facebook API with multiple URLs for a random set of 103,539
articles from the Web of Science. We identified two major challenge areas:
mapping articles to URLs and the mapping URLs to objects inside Facebook. We
then explored three problem cases within our dataset: (1) identifying a landing
page for any given URL, (2) instances where equivalent URLs are mapped to
different Facebook objects, and (3) instances of different articles being
mapped onto the same Facebook object. We found that the engagement numbers for
11.8% of all articles that have been shared on Facebook at least once are not
reliable because of these problems. Moreover, we were unable to identify the
URL for 11.6% of the articles in our data. Taken together, the three problem
cases constitute 12.3% of the 103,539 tested articles for which engagement
numbers cannot be relied upon. Given that we only tested a small number of
problem cases and URL variants, our results point to large challenges facing
those wishing to collect Facebook metrics programatically through the available
API.Comment: To be presented at the 23rd International Conference on Science and
Technology Indicators (STI 2018
Creating Digital Art History: Library, Student, and Faculty Collaboration
Over the last two decades, teaching, learning, and research in higher education have developed a growing digital presence. Digital development in the humanities has been slow relative to most other areas in academia, and with some exceptions, art and art history have enjoyed slow digital growth within the humanities. Within this environment, the article here presents one collaborative model for digital art history, rare in its exclusive focus on undergraduate ājunior scholarsā. Undergraduate senior-level art history and studio art students at Providence College collaborate annually with art history and studio art faculty to publish their senior theses in print format as the Art Journal. In the last few years, students, faculty, and digital library staff have enhanced this collaboration to include the publishing from process to product of the Art Journal as a complementary digital Art Journal. They collaborate in creating digital art history and digital studio art in order to bring exponentially greater meaning, significance and visibility to the studentsā senior culminating works through real-world digital publishing, including quality control, copyright issues, and ideas related to persistent access and ongoing global visibility for the scholarly and creative works, and for the student scholars. These students function as real-world collaborative scholarly partners in publishing their culminating academic and artistic work globally, and persistently accessible in Providence Collegeās digital repositories. This case study evidences engagement in meaningful digital knowledge creation focused on the intellectual and creative output of student-scholars and student-artists (art historians and studio artists) as a model for other student-faculty-digital library professional collaborations.
Note: Full text document is a pre-print version of article due to publisher rights. Publisher\u27s version available at the following citation:
Bailey, D. Russell. Creating Digital Art History: Library, Student and Faculty Collaboration . The International Journal of New Media, Technology, and the Arts. Volume 10. Issue 2. 2015. pp. 1-10.
Ninth International Conference on the Arts in Society website:
http://artsinsociety.com/the-conference-201
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Supporting Story Synthesis: Bridging the Gap between Visual Analytics and Storytelling
Visual analytics usually deals with complex data and uses sophisticated algorithmic, visual, and interactive techniques. Findings of the analysis often need to be communicated to an audience that lacks visual analytics expertise. This requires analysis outcomes to be presented in simpler ways than that are typically used in visual analytics systems. However, not only analytical visualizations may be too complex for target audience but also the information that needs to be presented. Hence, there exists a gap on the path from obtaining analysis findings to communicating them, which involves two aspects: information and display complexity. We propose a general framework where data analysis and result presentation are linked by story synthesis, in which the analyst creates and organizes story contents. Differently, from the previous research, where analytic findings are represented by stored display states, we treat findings as data constructs. In story synthesis, findings are selected, assembled, and arranged in views using meaningful layouts that take into account the structure of information and inherent properties of its components. We propose a workflow for applying the proposed framework in designing visual analytics systems and demonstrate the generality of the approach by applying it to two domains, social media, and movement analysis
Digital Preservation, Archival Science and Methodological Foundations for Digital Libraries
Digital libraries, whether commercial, public or personal, lie at the heart of the information society. Yet, research into their longāterm viability and the meaningful accessibility of their contents remains in its infancy. In general, as we have pointed out elsewhere, āafter more
than twenty years of research in digital curation and preservation the actual theories, methods and technologies that can either foster or ensure digital longevity remain
startlingly limited.ā Research led by DigitalPreservationEurope (DPE) and the Digital
Preservation Cluster of DELOS has allowed us to refine the key research challenges ā theoretical, methodological and technological ā that need attention by researchers in digital libraries during the coming five to ten years, if we are to ensure that the materials held in our emerging digital libraries are to remain sustainable, authentic, accessible and understandable over time. Building on this work and taking the theoretical framework of archival science as bedrock, this paper investigates digital preservation and its foundational role if digital libraries are to have longāterm viability at the centre of the
global information society.
Using a Goal-Driven Approach in the Investigation of a Questioned Contract
Part 3: FORENSIC TECHNIQUESInternational audienceThis paper presents a systematic process for describing digital forensic investigations. It focuses on forensic goals and anti-forensic obstacles and their operationalization in terms of human and software actions. The paper also demonstrates how the process can be used to capture the various forensic and anti-forensic aspects of a real-world case involving document forgery
An Open System for Social Computation
Part of the power of social computation comes from using the collective intelligence of humans to tame the aggregate uncertainty of (otherwise) low veracity data obtained from human and automated sources. We have witnessed a surge in development of social computing systems but, ironically, there have been few attempts to generalise across this activity so that creation of the underlying mechanisms themselves can be made more social. We describe a method for achieving this by standardising patterns of social computation via lightweight formal specifications (we call these social artifacts) that can be connected to existing internet architectures via a single model of computation. Upon this framework we build a mechanism for extracting provenance meta-data across social computations
An Open System for Social Computation
Part of the power of social computation comes from using the collective intelligence of humans to tame the aggregate uncertainty of (otherwise) low veracity data obtained from human and automated sources. We have witnessed a surge in development of social computing systems but, ironically, there have been few attempts to generalise across this activity so that creation of the underlying mechanisms themselves can be made more social. We describe a method for achieving this by standardising patterns of social computation via lightweight formal specifications (we call these social artifacts) that can be connected to existing internet architectures via a single model of computation. Upon this framework we build a mechanism for extracting provenance meta-data across social computations
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