260,953 research outputs found
ASCR/HEP Exascale Requirements Review Report
This draft report summarizes and details the findings, results, and
recommendations derived from the ASCR/HEP Exascale Requirements Review meeting
held in June, 2015. The main conclusions are as follows. 1) Larger, more
capable computing and data facilities are needed to support HEP science goals
in all three frontiers: Energy, Intensity, and Cosmic. The expected scale of
the demand at the 2025 timescale is at least two orders of magnitude -- and in
some cases greater -- than that available currently. 2) The growth rate of data
produced by simulations is overwhelming the current ability, of both facilities
and researchers, to store and analyze it. Additional resources and new
techniques for data analysis are urgently needed. 3) Data rates and volumes
from HEP experimental facilities are also straining the ability to store and
analyze large and complex data volumes. Appropriately configured
leadership-class facilities can play a transformational role in enabling
scientific discovery from these datasets. 4) A close integration of HPC
simulation and data analysis will aid greatly in interpreting results from HEP
experiments. Such an integration will minimize data movement and facilitate
interdependent workflows. 5) Long-range planning between HEP and ASCR will be
required to meet HEP's research needs. To best use ASCR HPC resources the
experimental HEP program needs a) an established long-term plan for access to
ASCR computational and data resources, b) an ability to map workflows onto HPC
resources, c) the ability for ASCR facilities to accommodate workflows run by
collaborations that can have thousands of individual members, d) to transition
codes to the next-generation HPC platforms that will be available at ASCR
facilities, e) to build up and train a workforce capable of developing and
using simulations and analysis to support HEP scientific research on
next-generation systems.Comment: 77 pages, 13 Figures; draft report, subject to further revisio
The contribution of human capital to the performance of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between human capital and the performance of the various types of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS).
Research Methodology: The analysis conducted on business services industry level took into account the role of education in knowledge transfer, a major factor enriching the KIBS industry. A conceptual framework based on cluster analysis (CA) and classification and regression trees (CART) was developed to analyse human capital, the main asset in the KIBS sector (according to the resource-based theory), and its relations with the performance of KIBS providers.
Results: The results pointed to the significant differences between various types of knowledge-based services. Findings suggest that there could be applied additional approach to classifying the KIBS services into three clusters according to the business characteristics (including human capital). Our third cluster closely related to human capital (HC) and information and communication technologies (ICT) demonstrated the best business performance. The results confirmed that KIBS providers with high average remuneration and high wage growth dynamic noted over doubled performance indicator (measured as profit growth). In that group of KIBS providers were (a) Software and IT companies, (b) Temporary employment agency activities and (c) Other human resources provision.
Limitations: Our analysis is based on statistical data gathered by a public entity covered 3125 firms aggregated into twenty service types, which limits the scope of the research questions.
Contribution: This study contributes to the state of knowledge of the performance dynamics of the various business services.
Keywords: Business Services (BS), Human Capital (HC), Performance, Knowledge, Educatio
Innovation in Services - Theoretical Approach
The aim of this article is to present the evolution of theoretical studies on service innovation. The author also attempts to put these different approaches to service innovation into order and to indicate the possible forms of service innovation that emerge from these researches. In further part of the article the issue of the availability of statistical data and its relevance to the possible forms of service innovation, as well as some changes that has been implemented recently in order to improve this relevance, are discussed.Celem artykuĆu jest przedstawienie ewolucji teoretycznych badaĆ nad innowacjami w usĆugach. Autorka podejmuje rĂłwnieĆŒ prĂłbÄ uporzÄ
dkowania rĂłĆŒnych podejĆÄ do kwestii innowacji usĆugowych oraz wskazaÄ moĆŒliwe formy tych innowacji, wyĆaniajÄ
ce siÄ z analizowanych badaĆ. W dalszej czÄĆci artykuĆu, podejmowana jest kwestia dostÄpnoĆci danych statystycznych oraz ich adekwatnoĆci, jeĆli chodzi o moĆŒliwoĆÄ zastosowania do analizy rĂłĆŒnych form innowacji usĆugowych. Omawiane sÄ
rĂłwnieĆŒ wprowadzone ostatnio zmiany, majÄ
ce na celu poprawÄ adekwatnoĆci tych danych
Family Preservation Research: Where We\u27ve Been, Where We Should Be Going
Although the literature has provided many critiques of research done on family preservation programs, these critiques have usually been limited to the studies \u27 assumptions, approach, or methodology. Because of the nature of these critiques, suggestions for future research in this field of practice have been scattered throughout the literature and have not benefitted from a wider historical perspective.
This paper examines the historical evolution of family preservation studies in child welfare and suggests future directions for research in the field. Among the suggestions the authors posit are (1) research questions should be framed by what we know about improvements in the lives of families and children served by family preservation programs; (2) future explorations should include areas that have received relatively little attention in current research, including the impact of organizational conditions on service fidelity and worker performance; (3) newer treatment models, particularly those that provide both intensive services during a crisis period and less intensive services for maintenance, should be tested; (4) data collection points in longitudinal studies should be guided by theory, and measures should change over time to reflect the theoretically expected changes in families; (5) complex measures of placement prevention and other measures that capture changes in family functioning, child well-being, and child safety, should be utilized to obtain a full picture of program effects; and (6) multiple informants should be used to provide data about program effectiveness. In addition, the authors will argue that the field should carefully consider the amount of change that should be expected from the service models delivered
Deferred Action: Theoretical model of process architecture design for emergent business processes
E-Business modelling and ebusiness systems development assumes fixed company resources,
structures, and business processes. Empirical and theoretical evidence suggests that company resources
and structures are emergent rather than fixed. Planning business activity in emergent contexts requires
flexible ebusiness models based on better management theories and models . This paper builds and
proposes a theoretical model of ebusiness systems capable of catering for emergent factors that affect
business processes. Drawing on development of theories of the âaction and designâclass the Theory of
Deferred Action is invoked as the base theory for the theoretical model. A theoretical model of flexible
process architecture is presented by identifying its core components and their relationships, and then
illustrated with exemplar flexible process architectures capable of responding to emergent factors.
Managerial implications of the model are considered and the modelâs generic applicability is discussed
Measuring and Managing Answer Quality for Online Data-Intensive Services
Online data-intensive services parallelize query execution across distributed
software components. Interactive response time is a priority, so online query
executions return answers without waiting for slow running components to
finish. However, data from these slow components could lead to better answers.
We propose Ubora, an approach to measure the effect of slow running components
on the quality of answers. Ubora randomly samples online queries and executes
them twice. The first execution elides data from slow components and provides
fast online answers; the second execution waits for all components to complete.
Ubora uses memoization to speed up mature executions by replaying network
messages exchanged between components. Our systems-level implementation works
for a wide range of platforms, including Hadoop/Yarn, Apache Lucene, the
EasyRec Recommendation Engine, and the OpenEphyra question answering system.
Ubora computes answer quality much faster than competing approaches that do not
use memoization. With Ubora, we show that answer quality can and should be used
to guide online admission control. Our adaptive controller processed 37% more
queries than a competing controller guided by the rate of timeouts.Comment: Technical Repor
Why do Indian firms go abroad?
Overseas investments by the emerging economies are a feature of globalisation. Investments by Indian firms, though not large in volume, differ from that of other emerging economies such as China in their composition, destination and modality of investments. A relatively high proportion of their investments are in the manufacturing and services sectors of the developed economies such as the UK and the USA. A number of statistical studies have attempted to identify the factors motivating Indian firms to invest abroad. Most of these studies attempt to ground the analysis in the received theory of foreign direct investment centred on the ownership advantages, location and internalisation (OLI) paradigm. This paper argues that statistical tests cannot fully account for the unique nature of Indiaâs investments abroad. The pattern of investments that differs from that of the other emerging economies is to be attributed to Indiaâs endowments of entrepreneurial skills centring on exploration of investment opportunities and astute management of complex organisations. These endowments are an inheritance from history augmented by the contribution of Indiaâs diaspora abroad. The lukewarm investment climate at home may also be a factor in the decision of Indian firms in technology and skill intensive firms to venture abroad. Explanations for the unique nature of overseas direct investments by Indian firms have to be sought in the organisational structure and history of Indian business houses
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Increasing the intensity and comprehensiveness of aphasia services: identification of key factors influencing implementation across six countries
Background: Aphasia services are currently faced by increasing evidence for therapy of greater intensity and comprehensiveness. Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Programs (ICAPs) combine these elements in an evidence-based, time-limited group program. The incorporation of new service delivery models in routine clinical practice is, however, likely to pose challenges for both the service provider and administering clinicians. This program of research aims to identify these challenges from the perspective of aphasia clinicians from six countries and will seek to trial potential solutions. Continual advancements in global communication technologies suggest that solutions will be easily shared and accessed across multiple countries.
Aims: To identify the perceived and experienced barriers and facilitators to the implementation of 1) intensive aphasia services, 2) comprehensive aphasia services, and 3) ICAPs, from aphasia clinicians across six countries.
Methods and procedures: A qualitative enquiry approach included data from six focus groups (n = 34 participants) in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States of America (USA), United Kingdom (UK), and Ireland. A thematic analysis of focus group data was informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).
Outcomes and results: Five prominent theoretical domains from the TDF influenced the implementation of all three aphasia service types across participating countries: environmental context and resources, beliefs about consequences, social/professional role and identity, skills, and knowledge. Four overarching themes assisted the identification and explanation of the key barriers and facilitators: 1. Collaboration, joint initiatives and partnerships, 2. Advocacy, the promotion of aphasia services and evidence-based practice, 3. Innovation, the ability to problem solve challenges, and 4. Culture, the influence of underlying values.
Conclusions: The results of this study will inform the development of a theoretically informed intervention to improve health servicesâ adherence to aphasia best practice recommendations
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