6,468 research outputs found
Controlling a leaky tap
We apply the Ott, Grebogy and Yorke mechanism for the control of chaos to the
analytical oscillator model of a leaky tap obtaining good results. We exhibit
the robustness of the control against both dynamical noise and measurement
noise.A possible way of controlling experimentally a leaky tap using
magnetic-field-produced variations in the viscosity of a magnetorheological
fluid is suggested.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to Physics Letters
Impaired coronary blood flow at higher heart rates during atrial fibrillation: investigation via multiscale modelling
Background. Different mechanisms have been proposed to relate atrial
fibrillation (AF) and coronary flow impairment, even in absence of relevant
coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the underlying hemodynamics remains
unclear. Aim of the present work is to computationally explore whether and to
what extent ventricular rate during AF affects the coronary perfusion.
Methods. AF is simulated at different ventricular rates (50, 70, 90, 110, 130
bpm) through a 0D-1D multiscale validated model, which combines the left
heart-arterial tree together with the coronary circulation. Artificially-built
RR stochastic extraction mimics the \emph{in vivo} beating features. All the
hemodynamic parameters computed are based on the left anterior descending (LAD)
artery and account for the waveform, amplitude and perfusion of the coronary
blood flow.
Results. Alterations of the coronary hemodynamics are found to be associated
either to the heart rate increase, which strongly modifies waveform and
amplitude of the LAD flow rate, and to the beat-to-beat variability. The latter
is overall amplified in the coronary circulation as HR grows, even though the
input RR variability is kept constant at all HRs.
Conclusions. Higher ventricular rate during AF exerts an overall coronary
blood flow impairment and imbalance of the myocardial oxygen supply-demand
ratio. The combined increase of heart rate and higher AF-induced hemodynamic
variability lead to a coronary perfusion impairment exceeding 90-110 bpm in AF.
Moreover, it is found that coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) is no longer a
good measure of the myocardial perfusion for HR higher than 90 bpm.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 table
A bioinspired optoelectronically engineered artificial neurorobotics device with sensorimotor functionalities
Development of the next generation of bio- and nano-electronics is inseparably connected to the innovative concept of emulation and reproduction of biological sensorimotor systems and artificial neurobotics. Here, we report for the first time principally new artificial bioinspired optoelectronic sensorimotor system for the controlable immitation of opto-genetically engineered neurons in the biological motor system. The device is based on inorganic optical synapse (In-doped TiO2 nanofilm) assembled into a liquid metal (galinstan) actuator. The optoelectronic synapse generates polarised excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials to trigger the liquid metal droplet to vibrate and then mimic the expansion and contraction of biological fibre muscle. The low-energy consumption and precise modulation of electrical and mechanical outputs are the distinguished characteristics of fabricated sensorimotor system. This work is the underlying significant step towards the development of next generation of low-energy the internet of things for bioinspired neurorobotic and bioelectronic system
Performance analysis of downlink shared channels in a UMTS network
In light of the expected growth in wireless data communications and the commonly anticipated up/downlink asymmetry, we present a performance analysis of downlink data transfer over \textsc{d}ownlink \textsc{s}hared \textsc{ch}annels (\textsc{dsch}s), arguably the most efficient \textsc{umts} transport channel for medium-to-large data transfers. It is our objective to provide qualitative insight in the different aspects that influence the data \textsc{q}uality \textsc{o}f \textsc{s}ervice (\textsc{qos}). As a most principal factor, the data traffic load affects the data \textsc{qos} in two distinct manners: {\em (i)} a heavier data traffic load implies a greater competition for \textsc{dsch} resources and thus longer transfer delays; and {\em (ii)} since each data call served on a \textsc{dsch} must maintain an \textsc{a}ssociated \textsc{d}edicated \textsc{ch}annel (\textsc{a}-\textsc{dch}) for signalling purposes, a heavier data traffic load implies a higher interference level, a higher frame error rate and thus a lower effective aggregate \textsc{dsch} throughput: {\em the greater the demand for service, the smaller the aggregate service capacity.} The latter effect is further amplified in a multicellular scenario, where a \textsc{dsch} experiences additional interference from the \textsc{dsch}s and \textsc{a}-\textsc{dch}s in surrounding cells, causing a further degradation of its effective throughput. Following an insightful two-stage performance evaluation approach, which segregates the interference aspects from the traffic dynamics, a set of numerical experiments is executed in order to demonstrate these effects and obtain qualitative insight in the impact of various system aspects on the data \textsc{qos}
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mDFA Detects Abnormality: From Heartbeat to Material Vibration
Modified detrended fluctuation analysis (mDFA) is a novel method to check abnormality of heartbeat which is developed recently by the author. mDFA can characterize any oscillation such as heartbeat by the scaling exponent (scaling index, SI). Healthy heartbeat shows SIÂ =Â 1. Dying heartâs SI sifts toward 0.5. Ischemic sick heart experimentally showed an SI way over 1.0 approaching 1.5. Random vibration, such as FM-radio noise and idling car-engine, shows SIÂ =Â 0.5. Quietly running motor generates an SI almost equal to zero. Using mDFA, it is possible to check potential risk based on SI values. This chapter shows empirical results quantifying various signals from heartbeat to material vibration
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