Analytical model for life time in wirless sensor networks

Numerous analytical models have been proposed to evaluate the performance of wireless sensor networks, therefore, analytical models providing a clear understanding of the fundamental limitations of different systems, as well as a convenient way to review their performance and optimize their parameters are necessary. In this paper, we propose an analytical framework model that defines the performance of a sensor network, with an emphasis on an analytic model that is based on the lifetime, the offered traffic, and the maximum number of retransmissions Kmax

Self-synchronized duty-cycling for sensor networks with energy harvesting capabilities: Implementation in Wiselib

In this work we present a protocol for a self- synchronized duty-cycling mechanism in wireless sensor net- works with energy harvesting capabilities. The protocol is im- plemented in Wiselib, a library of generic algorithms for sensor networks. Simulations are conducted with the sensor network simulator Shawn. They are based on the specifications of real hardware known as iSense sensor nodes. The experimental results show that the proposed mechanism is able to adapt to changing energy availabilities. Moreover, it is shown that the system is very robust against packet loss.Postprint (published version

Sectoring Method for Improving Various QoS Parameters of Wireless Sensor Networks to Improve Lifespan of the Network

The wireless sensor network is set of distributed nodes, which are randomly deployed in sensor field to capture various parameters and send it to receiver station for further analysis and prediction. There are two types of protocols essential for communication. One is MAC protocol and another is routing protocol. Routing protocols are used for finding shortest path between sources to destination. MAC protocols are used for reliable data delivery from source to destination. The design of a reliable wireless sensor network (WSN) must handle the failure of single or many network components, still, because of the deployment of mechanisms to tolerate faults at various levels. the most objective of this paper is to review different existing algorithms proposed by different researchers and merge their work for further study. This paper studies different prototypes and proposed algorithms, and also the objectives of the papers. Also, the paper elaborates on the proposed algorithm within the particular paper together with their objectives. Proposed algorithm is very useful for to reduce heavy congestion over the networks and achieve various parameters of sensor networks

Internet protocol over wireless sensor networks, from myth to reality

Internet Protocol (IP) is a standard network layer protocol of the Internet architecture, allowing communication among heterogeneous networks. For a given network to be accessible from the Internet it must have a router that complies with this protocol. Wireless sensor networks have many smart sensing nodes with computational, communication and sensing capabilities. Such smart sensors cooperate to gather relevant data and present it to the user. The connection of sensor networks and the Internet has been realized using gateway or proxy- based approaches. Historically, several routing protocols were specifically created, discarding IP. However, recent research, prototypes and even implementation tools show that it is possible to combine the advantages of IP access with sensor networks challenges, with a major contribution from the 6LoWPAN Working Group. This paper presents the advantages and challenges of IP on sensor networks, surveys the state-of-art with some implementation examples, and points further research topics in this area

Optimization of Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime by Deploying Relay Sensors

Topology control in wireless sensor networks helps to lower node energy consumption by reducing transmission power and by confining interference, collisions and consequently retransmissions. Decrease in node energy consumption implies probability of increasing network lifetime. In this paper, first we analyze popular topology control algorithms used for optimizing the power consumption in the wireless sensor network and later propose a novel technique wherein power consumption is traded with additional relay nodes. We introduce relay nodes to make the network connected without increasing the transmit power. The relay node decreases the transmit power required while it may increase end-to-end delay.  We design and analyze an algorithm that place an almost minimum number of relay nodes required to make network connected. We have implemented greedy version of this algorithm and demonstrated in simulation that it produces a high quality link. We use InterAvg, InterMax (no of nodes that can offer interference) MinMax, and MinTotal as metrics to analyze and compare various algorithms. Matlab and NS-2 are used for simulation purpose. Keywords: Energy saving, sensor networks, Interference, network connectivity, topology control