35 research outputs found

    MS FT-2-2 7 Orthogonal polynomials and quadrature: Theory, computation, and applications

    Get PDF
    Quadrature rules find many applications in science and engineering. Their analysis is a classical area of applied mathematics and continues to attract considerable attention. This seminar brings together speakers with expertise in a large variety of quadrature rules. It is the aim of the seminar to provide an overview of recent developments in the analysis of quadrature rules. The computation of error estimates and novel applications also are described

    Generalized averaged Gaussian quadrature and applications

    Get PDF
    A simple numerical method for constructing the optimal generalized averaged Gaussian quadrature formulas will be presented. These formulas exist in many cases in which real positive GaussKronrod formulas do not exist, and can be used as an adequate alternative in order to estimate the error of a Gaussian rule. We also investigate the conditions under which the optimal averaged Gaussian quadrature formulas and their truncated variants are internal

    ISCR Annual Report: Fical Year 2004

    Full text link

    Automatic Spatiotemporal Analysis of Cardiac Image Series

    Get PDF
    RÉSUMÉ À ce jour, les maladies cardiovasculaires demeurent au premier rang des principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs en AmĂ©rique du Nord. Chez l’adulte et au sein de populations de plus en plus jeunes, la soi-disant Ă©pidĂ©mie d’obĂ©sitĂ© entraĂźnĂ©e par certaines habitudes de vie tels que la mauvaise alimentation, le manque d’exercice et le tabagisme est lourde de consĂ©quences pour les personnes affectĂ©es, mais aussi sur le systĂšme de santĂ©. La principale cause de morbiditĂ© et de mortalitĂ© chez ces patients est l’athĂ©rosclĂ©rose, une accumulation de plaque Ă  l’intĂ©rieur des vaisseaux sanguins Ă  hautes pressions telles que les artĂšres coronaires. Les lĂ©sions athĂ©rosclĂ©rotiques peuvent entraĂźner l’ischĂ©mie en bloquant la circulation sanguine et/ou en provoquant une thrombose. Cela mĂšne souvent Ă  de graves consĂ©quences telles qu’un infarctus. Outre les problĂšmes liĂ©s Ă  la stĂ©nose, les parois artĂ©rielles des rĂ©gions criblĂ©es de plaque augmentent la rigiditĂ© des parois vasculaires, ce qui peut aggraver la condition du patient. Dans la population pĂ©diatrique, la pathologie cardiovasculaire acquise la plus frĂ©quente est la maladie de Kawasaki. Il s’agit d’une vasculite aigĂŒe pouvant affecter l’intĂ©gritĂ© structurale des parois des artĂšres coronaires et mener Ă  la formation d’anĂ©vrismes. Dans certains cas, ceux-ci entravent l’hĂ©modynamie artĂ©rielle en engendrant une perfusion myocardique insuffisante et en activant la formation de thromboses. Le diagnostic de ces deux maladies coronariennes sont traditionnellement effectuĂ©s Ă  l’aide d’angiographies par fluoroscopie. Pendant ces examens paracliniques, plusieurs centaines de projections radiographiques sont acquises en sĂ©ries suite Ă  l’infusion artĂ©rielle d’un agent de contraste. Ces images rĂ©vĂšlent la lumiĂšre des vaisseaux sanguins et la prĂ©sence de lĂ©sions potentiellement pathologiques, s’il y a lieu. Parce que les sĂ©ries acquises contiennent de l’information trĂšs dynamique en termes de mouvement du patient volontaire et involontaire (ex. battements cardiaques, respiration et dĂ©placement d’organes), le clinicien base gĂ©nĂ©ralement son interprĂ©tation sur une seule image angiographique oĂč des mesures gĂ©omĂ©triques sont effectuĂ©es manuellement ou semi-automatiquement par un technicien en radiologie. Bien que l’angiographie par fluoroscopie soit frĂ©quemment utilisĂ© partout dans le monde et souvent considĂ©rĂ© comme l’outil de diagnostic “gold-standard” pour de nombreuses maladies vasculaires, la nature bidimensionnelle de cette modalitĂ© d’imagerie est malheureusement trĂšs limitante en termes de spĂ©cification gĂ©omĂ©trique des diffĂ©rentes rĂ©gions pathologiques. En effet, la structure tridimensionnelle des stĂ©noses et des anĂ©vrismes ne peut pas ĂȘtre pleinement apprĂ©ciĂ©e en 2D car les caractĂ©ristiques observĂ©es varient selon la configuration angulaire de l’imageur. De plus, la prĂ©sence de lĂ©sions affectant les artĂšres coronaires peut ne pas reflĂ©ter la vĂ©ritable santĂ© du myocarde, car des mĂ©canismes compensatoires naturels (ex. vaisseaux----------ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in North America. In adult and, alarmingly, ever younger populations, the so-called obesity epidemic largely driven by lifestyle factors that include poor diet, lack of exercise and smoking, incurs enormous stresses on the healthcare system. The primary cause of serious morbidity and mortality for these patients is atherosclerosis, the build up of plaque inside high pressure vessels like the coronary arteries. These lesions can lead to ischemic disease and may progress to precarious blood flow blockage or thrombosis, often with infarction or other severe consequences. Besides the stenosis-related outcomes, the arterial walls of plaque-ridden regions manifest increased stiffness, which may exacerbate negative patient prognosis. In pediatric populations, the most prevalent acquired cardiovascular pathology is Kawasaki disease. This acute vasculitis may affect the structural integrity of coronary artery walls and progress to aneurysmal lesions. These can hinder the blood flow’s hemodynamics, leading to inadequate downstream perfusion, and may activate thrombus formation which may lead to precarious prognosis. Diagnosing these two prominent coronary artery diseases is traditionally performed using fluoroscopic angiography. Several hundred serial x-ray projections are acquired during selective arterial infusion of a radiodense contrast agent, which reveals the vessels’ luminal area and possible pathological lesions. The acquired series contain highly dynamic information on voluntary and involuntary patient movement: respiration, organ displacement and heartbeat, for example. Current clinical analysis is largely limited to a single angiographic image where geometrical measures will be performed manually or semi-automatically by a radiological technician. Although widely used around the world and generally considered the gold-standard diagnosis tool for many vascular diseases, the two-dimensional nature of this imaging modality is limiting in terms of specifying the geometry of various pathological regions. Indeed, the 3D structures of stenotic or aneurysmal lesions may not be fully appreciated in 2D because their observable features are dependent on the angular configuration of the imaging gantry. Furthermore, the presence of lesions in the coronary arteries may not reflect the true health of the myocardium, as natural compensatory mechanisms may obviate the need for further intervention. In light of this, cardiac magnetic resonance perfusion imaging is increasingly gaining attention and clinical implementation, as it offers a direct assessment of myocardial tissue viability following infarction or suspected coronary artery disease. This type of modality is plagued, however, by motion similar to that present in fluoroscopic imaging. This issue predisposes clinicians to laborious manual intervention in order to align anatomical structures in sequential perfusion frames, thus hindering automation o

    Seventh Biennial Report : June 2003 - March 2005

    No full text

    Applications

    Get PDF
    corecore