207 research outputs found

    Expanding the Impact of the EEROS Open Source Robotics Framework

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    This report, prepared for the developers of the EEROS Real Time Robotics Software Framework, explored options to expand the impact that EEROS would have on the open source robotics community. This open source framework was examined to discover how a healthy development community might grow in a new project. Through increasing EEROS’s presence, analyzing its community, exploring sustainable funding options, organizing and streamlining development and identifying new partners, we gained an understanding of the birth of an open source project

    Spartan Daily, October 10, 1979

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    Volume 73, Issue 26https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/6524/thumbnail.jp

    Cooling Storage for Vehicles Using Thermoelectric Cooler

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    This project addresses the above situation and as a further development of the solid state system, it is intended to build a cooler box for use in vehicles. The thermoelectric cooler device used is pettier which follow Peltier Effect Theory that produces heat difference from electrical voltage. The product promises a big market by looking at the growth of automotive market over the years

    The effects of 3-dimensional CADD modeling software on the development of the spatial ability of ninth grade technology discovery students

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    The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if there is a difference in the development of spatial abilities of ninth grade Technology Discovery students in Mississippi as measured by the Purdue Visualization of Rotations Test. Students experienced one of three differing instructional methods utilizing Pro/Desktop® 3-D CADD solid modeling software. Participants were students in Mississippi schools operating on a 4 x 4 block schedule during either fall or spring semesters during the 2005-2006 school year, and a control group of students whose schools did not offer CADD. Instructional material designed by the researcher was used for two instructional treatment methods, with existing instructional materials available for the software were used in the third instructional method. Demographic information was collected for students from 14 schools in the study. The primary research question asked if differences existed by instructional treatment method when spatial ability pretest scores, gender, ethnicity, co-registration in art, and co-registration in geometry were controlled. Analysis of Covariance was conducted to analyze the data for this research question, using the pretest as the covariate and instructional method as the fixed factor. The dependent variable was the posttest score. The other independent variables of gender, ethnicity, and co-enrollment in art and/or geometry were included in analysis. No affects concerning these additional variables was found. A statistically significant difference existed concerning the method used to instruct students on the use of 3-D CADD modeling software. The instructional consisting of method of teacher-lead instruction using the software in a design lesson, followed by student-directed modular instruction, was found to be effective. These lessons included 3-D physical models manipulated by the teacher and students. The group of students taught using this method had higher mean posttest scores than students instructed with other methods. The other instructional methods did not significantly affect student achievement on the test of spatial ability

    Improving the Accuracy and Scope of Control-Oriented Vapor Compression Cycle System Models

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    The benefits of applying advanced control techniques to vapor compression cycle systems are well know. The main advantages are improved performance and efficiency, the achievement of which brings both economic and environmental gains. One of the most significant hurdles to the practical application of advanced control techniques is the development of a dynamic system level model that is both accurate and mathematically tractable. Previous efforts in control-oriented modeling have produced a class of heat exchanger models known as moving-boundary models. When combined with mass flow device models, these moving-boundary models provide an excellent framework for both dynamic analysis and control design. This thesis contains the results of research carried out to increase both the accuracy and scope of these system level models. The improvements to the existing vapor compression cycle models are carried out through the application of various modeling techniques, some static and some dynamic, some data-based and some physics-based. Semiempirical static modeling techniques are used to increase the accuracy of both heat exchangers and mass flow devices over a wide range of operating conditions. Dynamic modeling techniques are used both to derive new component models that are essential to the simulation of very common vapor compression cycle systems and to improve the accuracy of the existing compressor model. A new heat exchanger model that accounts for the effects of moisture in the air is presented. All of these model improvements and additions are unified to create a simple but accurate system level model with a wide range of application. Extensive model validation results are presented, providing both qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the new models and model improvements.Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Project 17

    Design and Applications of Surfaces for Solid Fouling Control

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    Be it the bacterial/viral settlement on doorknobs or the adhesion of ice on car windshields, the unwanted attachment of solid contaminants on surfaces in our environment can present a significant economic and societal burden. Surfaces that are able to resist or shed solids can find applications in the de-icing of airplane wings, preventing marine fouling of ship hulls, eradicating bacterial and viral contamination within hospitals, controlling wax and asphaltene accumulation within crude oil pipelines, and inhibiting scale and frost formation on heat exchanger surfaces. These endless applications encompass foulants which can possess a wide range of moduli (few Pa to few GPa), length scales (few nm2 to several m2) and modes of adhesion. In this work, surface design strategies against a broad range of inorganic and biological foulants will be discussed including ice, frost, snow, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and SARS-CoV-2 (the virus responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic). Performance over application areas ranging from a few μm2 to several m2 will be displayed with a focus on application-oriented testing, scalability and longevity. This work introduces ice as a model foulant and discuss strategies to minimize the forces required to release ice from different surfaces. In Chapter 2, a novel class of de-icing materials are introduced that exhibit a low interfacial toughness (LIT) with ice, resulting in systems for which the forces required to remove large areas of ice (a few square centimeters or greater) are both low and independent of the iced area. Chapter 3 further shows that these LIT coatings can be used to facilitate shedding of snow, a foulant which can possess a wide range of physical properties. Chapter 4 then transitions into controlling the nucleation and growth of ice/frost on a surface introducing a new class of surfaces that is both anti-icing and icephobic. Chapter 5 introduces the world of biological fouling where we describe a new class of solid surfaces based on naturally occurring antimicrobial molecules which are capable of rapid disinfection (>3-log reduction within few minutes) of a variety of current and emerging pathogens while maintaining persistent efficacy over several months and under extreme environmental duress. We show that these surfaces possess broad spectrum antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli, MRSA, P. aeruginosa and SARS-CoV-2, concluding with their application in burn wound dressings, in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this work highlights the design of state-of-the-art surfaces at the forefront of their field and dives into their performance under different application environments. These patented surfaces have already attracted interest in industry for various residential, transportation, healthcare, renewable energy, military and naval applications.PHDMacromolecular Science & EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169866/1/adhyani_1.pd

    Two Phase Flow, Phase Change and Numerical Modeling

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    The heat transfer and analysis on laser beam, evaporator coils, shell-and-tube condenser, two phase flow, nanofluids, complex fluids, and on phase change are significant issues in a design of wide range of industrial processes and devices. This book includes 25 advanced and revised contributions, and it covers mainly (1) numerical modeling of heat transfer, (2) two phase flow, (3) nanofluids, and (4) phase change. The first section introduces numerical modeling of heat transfer on particles in binary gas-solid fluidization bed, solidification phenomena, thermal approaches to laser damage, and temperature and velocity distribution. The second section covers density wave instability phenomena, gas and spray-water quenching, spray cooling, wettability effect, liquid film thickness, and thermosyphon loop. The third section includes nanofluids for heat transfer, nanofluids in minichannels, potential and engineering strategies on nanofluids, and heat transfer at nanoscale. The forth section presents time-dependent melting and deformation processes of phase change material (PCM), thermal energy storage tanks using PCM, phase change in deep CO2 injector, and thermal storage device of solar hot water system. The advanced idea and information described here will be fruitful for the readers to find a sustainable solution in an industrialized society

    Content-aware : investigating tools, character & user behavior

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    Content—Aware serves as a platform for investigating structure, corruption, and visual interference in the context of present-day technologies. I use fragmentation, movement, repetition, and abstraction to interrogate current methods and tools for engaging with the built environment, here broadly conceived as the material, spatial, and cultural products of human labor. Physical and graphic spaces become grounds for testing visual hypotheses. By testing images and usurping image-making technologies, I challenge the fidelity of vision and representation. Rooted in active curiosity and a willingness to fully engage, I collaborate with digital tools, play with their edges, and build perceptual portholes. Through documentation and curation of visual experience, I expose and challenge a capitalist image infrastructure. I create, collect, and process images using smartphone cameras, screen recordings, and applications such as Shrub and Photoshop. These devices and programs, which have the capacity to produce visual smoothness and polish, also inherently engender repetition and fragmentation. The same set of tools used to perfect images is easily reoriented towards visual destabilization. Projects presented here are not meant to serve as literal translations, but rather as symbols or variables in experimental graphic communication strategies. Employing these strategies, I reveal the frames and tools through which we view the world. By exploring and exploiting the limitations of manmade technologies, I reveal the breadth of our human relationships with them, including those of creators, directors, users, and recipients

    Can pea and white hemp proteins be used as a more sustainable protein source to improve nutritional and sensory results in gluten-free baked products?

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    This study hypothesized that combining HPI and PPI could provide added nutrition while achieving positive sensory results. The ‘backcasting’ method incorporated sustainability for the product development process, outlining objectives, priorities and critical factors, including practical application and testing. Investigation included nutritional analysis of protein, fat and fiber, glycemic testing, hunger satiety and sensory analysis. Therefore, three GF products were developed using a unique HPI/PPI protein blend up to 30% in formulations. Rheological parameters (protein, starch and hydrocolloid behavior) were investigated using Mixolab®. Blend ratios showed an 80:20 (HPI/PPI) blend exhibited approximately similar protein behavior and stability to wheat flour during mixing/heating and gelatinization stages. Torque differences were significant between starch (1.19 Nm) and no-starch (0.88 Nm) samples, with higher gelatinization intensity for the starch blend. Dough showed significantly higher gelatinization intensity with XG than without (2.21 Nm and 1.75 Nm, respectively) and starch retrogradation during cooling (1.39 Nm and 1.21 Nm, respectively), indicating prolonged shelf life. Nutritional results showed a significant increase in protein for developed products (bread/cookie, p = 0.013; muffin, p = 0.022), no significant increase in fat or fiber using the protein blend, however fiber increased by 42.9% incorporating a MG mix. Glycemic testing showed no significant spike in blood glucose after ingestion. P-value of all participants pre- and post- was 0.27 (men, p = 0.47; women, p = 0.31) while satiety results showed hunger levels of 0.73 (0-1 Not Hungry At All) after 30 minutes, increasing only slightly after 2 hours (1.63), indicating glycemic response and hunger levels can be controlled by incorporating certain ingredients. Sensory results showed no significant difference between products for appearance, taste and texture. 97.5% of participants rated 4 or above for taste and 95% above 4 for texture on a 5-point scale. Only 12.5% of participants believed the products were healthier options and 45% believed them to be GF. Therefore, this study confirms that nutritional improvement of GF bakery products using more sustainable plant-based proteins is possible while achieving positive sensory acceptance
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