Innovations in energy and climate policy: lessons from Vermont

We ask in this article: how can planners and policymakers replicate Vermont’s energy and climate policies? We begin by explaining the research methods utilized for this article—mainly research interviews with a pool of experts, coupled with a targeted literature review. We then analyze the success of Vermont energy policy across four areas: energy efficiency, renewable energy, the smart grid, and energy governance. The following sections first explain how Vermont accomplished these successes, next identify a number of remaining barriers and elements of Vermont’s approach that may not be replicable, and finally present the article’s conclusions

Software Defined Networks based Smart Grid Communication: A Comprehensive Survey

The current power grid is no longer a feasible solution due to ever-increasing user demand of electricity, old infrastructure, and reliability issues and thus require transformation to a better grid a.k.a., smart grid (SG). The key features that distinguish SG from the conventional electrical power grid are its capability to perform two-way communication, demand side management, and real time pricing. Despite all these advantages that SG will bring, there are certain issues which are specific to SG communication system. For instance, network management of current SG systems is complex, time consuming, and done manually. Moreover, SG communication (SGC) system is built on different vendor specific devices and protocols. Therefore, the current SG systems are not protocol independent, thus leading to interoperability issue. Software defined network (SDN) has been proposed to monitor and manage the communication networks globally. This article serves as a comprehensive survey on SDN-based SGC. In this article, we first discuss taxonomy of advantages of SDNbased SGC.We then discuss SDN-based SGC architectures, along with case studies. Our article provides an in-depth discussion on routing schemes for SDN-based SGC. We also provide detailed survey of security and privacy schemes applied to SDN-based SGC. We furthermore present challenges, open issues, and future research directions related to SDN-based SGC.Comment: Accepte

Judge Koh’s Monopolization Mania: Her Novel Antitrust Assault Against Qualcomm Is an Abuse of Antitrust Theory

I. Introduction: A Blockbuster Decision II. The Typology of Antitrust Offenses ... A. Per Se Offenses ... B. Rule of Reason Cases ... C. Per Se Legality or “No-Duty” Rules III. FTC v. Qualcomm ... A. The Complaint and the Ohlhausen Dissent ... B. The Monopolization Issue ... C. Market Definition ... D. Trinko and the Antitrust Duty to Deal ... E. Qualcomm’s Pricing Policy—The Use of Constant Rates ... F. The FTC Valuation Dilemma … G. Qualcomm Efficiency Justifications IV. Conclusio

Combining brain-computer interfaces and assistive technologies: state-of-the-art and challenges

In recent years, new research has brought the field of EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfacing (BCI) out of its infancy and into a phase of relative maturity through many demonstrated prototypes such as brain-controlled wheelchairs, keyboards, and computer games. With this proof-of-concept phase in the past, the time is now ripe to focus on the development of practical BCI technologies that can be brought out of the lab and into real-world applications. In particular, we focus on the prospect of improving the lives of countless disabled individuals through a combination of BCI technology with existing assistive technologies (AT). In pursuit of more practical BCIs for use outside of the lab, in this paper, we identify four application areas where disabled individuals could greatly benefit from advancements in BCI technology, namely,“Communication and Control”, “Motor Substitution”, “Entertainment”, and “Motor Recovery”. We review the current state of the art and possible future developments, while discussing the main research issues in these four areas. In particular, we expect the most progress in the development of technologies such as hybrid BCI architectures, user-machine adaptation algorithms, the exploitation of users’ mental states for BCI reliability and confidence measures, the incorporation of principles in human-computer interaction (HCI) to improve BCI usability, and the development of novel BCI technology including better EEG devices

Blueprint Buffalo Action Plan: Regional Strategies for Reclaiming Vacant Properties in the City and Suburbs of Buffalo

Over a period of about nine months, the NVPC team conducted interviews and gathered insights that have resulted in this report. During the study period, Buffalo–Niagara emerged as a region broadly challenged by decades of disinvestment and population loss, but also as a close network of communities singularly blessed with a wealth of historic, transit-friendly, and affordable neighborhoods and commercial areas. Building on the City of Buffalo’s “asset management” strategy first proposed in 2004 by the Cornell Cooperative Extension Association—and now formally adopted by the Buffalo Common Council as part of its comprehensive 20-year plan for the city—the NVPC team sought to reexamine how the revitalization of Buffalo’s vacant properties could actually serve as a catalyst to address the region’s other most pressing problems: population loss, a weak real estate market in the inner city, signs of incipient economic instability in older suburbs, quality-of-life issues, school quality, and suburban sprawl

Surdna Foundation - 2009 Annual Report

Contains "Year in Review" letter from the board chair and the president, mission statement, program information, grants lists, financial summary, lists of officers and staff, and link to grant guidelines

Rethinking the future low-carbon city: carbon neutrality, green design, and sustainability tensions in the making of Masdar City

As the global trend toward urbanization continues, new models for the design and governance of sustainable cities are being developed. The Abu Dhabi government announced in 2006 its intent to spend $22 billion to build one such city, Masdar City, as a carbon-neutral, zero-waste city that would demonstrate the state-of-the-art in sustainable city design. As initially planned, Masdar City was a bold experiment: an incubator of clean-technologies that was to be powered exclusively by renewable energy while exhibiting the highest levels of energy efficiency. Partly due to the 2008 global financial crisis and partly due to lessons learned from continued assessments of the original concept, planners at Masdar both scaled back initial ambitions for the city’s carbon and waste targets and significantly altered both the city’s development approach and timeline for completion. This, however, may turn out to be the best outcome for Masdar City if it is truly to become a model for “eco-cities” of the future. Masdar now seeks a more commercial city model that nonetheless retains a focus on sustainable urban design. This Perspective reviews the history of Masdar City from its inception to the present day and highlights the major changes that have occurred in the city planning. In consideration of the facts presented, Masdar City may yet emerge as a true eco-city. But it certainly constitutes an omen with incredibly important empirical lessons for other cities around the world seeking to become more sustainable

Asset management and maintenance: a smart grid perspective

This paper presents the importance, issues and challenges related to Smart Grid. It also evaluates various approaches for Smart Grid planning and operation. It discusses tools for asset management and their applicability to the next generation grid. Aging assets, uncertainty in load demand profile and renewable energy resources, and demand management create a challenge for the optimal operation and maintenance of electrical grid. This paper addresses the challenges and opportunities to improve transmission and distribution systems asset maintenance. This paper also presents the asset replacement alternatives. This paper also presents the cost-benefit analysis of asset management using the information/real time data from the utility company. This paper will serve a guide for doing the asset management to the electrification  process, investment and  recovery to sustain reliable and efficient power delivery

Sensory augmentation and the tactile sublime

This paper responds to recent developments in the field of sensory augmentation by analysing several technological devices that augment the sensory apparatus using the tactile sense. First, I will define the term sensory augmentation, as the use of technological modification to enhance the sensory apparatus, and elaborate on the preconditions for successful tactile sensory augmentation. These are the adaptability of the brain to unfamiliar sensory input and the specific qualities of the skin lending themselves to be used for the perception of additional sensory information. Two devices, Moon Ribas’ Seismic Sense and David Eagleman’s vest, will then be discussed as potential facilitators of aesthetic experiences in virtue of the tactile sensory augmentation that these devices allow. I will connect the experiences afforded by these devices to the Kantian categories of the mathematical and the dynamical sublime, and to existing accounts of tactile sublimity. Essentially, the objects these devices make sensible, earthquakes for the Seismic Sense and digital information for the vest, produce pleasurable feelings of potential danger, awe, and respect. The subsequent acclimation to this new way of sensing and the aim to comprehend its sensed object are then discussed as possible objections to the interpretation of these experiences as sublime, and as aesthetic in general. To exemplify these issues and concretise my thesis of tactile sensory augmentation as a trigger of the sublime, I will outline an experiment to use the vest as an aid for faster decision making on the stock market