An Adaptive Inventory Management System for Hospital Supply Chain

In healthcare, delivering high quality care to the patients typically requires significant investment in supply chain management systems. Inventory management is an important part of any supply chain system. Researchers have indicated great potential for optimizing existing healthcare inventory systems, especially within hospitals. With ever changing needs, product prices and policies, managing inventory of products in hospitals becomes difficult. As time progresses, the inventory policies of products become sub-optimal. In this research, we study multiple echelons of a hospital supply chain considering the distributors, to address the need for an efficient and effective hospital inventory management system. We propose a method consisting of two components: (1) system design and optimization; and (2) system monitoring, evaluation, and forecasting. The system design and optimization methodology includes a sim-heuristic approach where optimization of inventory levels and hospital operations is considered. As time evolves, to monitor the relevant system performance measures over time, control-chart like methods are used. When significant deviations in system performance occur, a re-evaluation of the inventory decision variables and/or system operations is conducted to maintain an efficient inventory system. A hierarchical procedure is used to determine the extent of evaluation of the system. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this methodology

Supply chain management of blood products: a literature review.

This paper presents a review of the literature on inventory and supply chain management of blood products. First, we identify different perspectives on approaches to classifying the existing material. Each perspective is presented as a table in which the classification is displayed. The classification choices are exemplified through the citation of key references or by expounding the features of the perspective. The main contribution of this review is to facilitate the tracing of published work in relevant fields of interest, as well as identifying trends and indicating which areas should be subject to future research.OR in health services; Supply chain management; Inventory; Blood products; Literature review;

A taxonomy of logistics innovations

In this paper we present a taxonomy of supply chain and logistics innovations, which is based on an extensive literature survey. Our primary goal is to provide guidelines for choosing the most appropriate innovations for a company, such that the company can outrun its competitors. We investigate the factors, both internal and external to the company, that determine the applicability and effectiveness of the listed innovations. We support our suggestions with real world cases reported in literature

Inventory drivers in a pharmaceutical supply chain

In recent years, inventory reduction has been a key objective of pharmaceutical companies, especially within cost optimization initiatives. Pharmaceutical supply chains are characterized by volatile and unpredictable demands –especially in emergent markets-, high service levels, and complex, perishable finished-good portfolios, which makes keeping reasonable amounts of stock a true challenge. However, a one-way strategy towards zero-inventory is in reality inapplicable, due to the strategic nature and importance of the products being commercialised. Therefore, pharmaceutical supply chains are in need of new inventory strategies in order to remain competitive. Finished-goods inventory management in the pharmaceutical industry is closely related to the manufacturing systems and supply chain configurations that companies adopt. The factors considered in inventory management policies, however, do not always cover the full supply chain spectrum in which companies operate. This paper works under the pre-assumption that, in fact, there is a complex relationship between the inventory configurations that companies adopt and the factors behind them. The intention of this paper is to understand the factors driving high finished-goods inventory levels in pharmaceutical supply chains and assist supply chain managers in determining which of them can be influenced in order to reduce inventories to an optimal degree. Reasons for reducing inventory levels are found in high inventory holding and scrap related costs; in addition to lost sales for not being able to serve the customers with the adequate shelf life requirements. The thesis conducts a single case study research in a multi-national pharmaceutical company, which is used to examine typical inventory configurations and the factors affecting these configurations. This paper presents a framework that can assist supply chain managers in determining the most important inventory drivers in pharmaceutical supply chains. The findings in this study suggest that while external and downstream supply chain factors are recognized as being critical to pursue inventory optimization initiatives, pharmaceutical companies are oriented towards optimizing production processes and meeting regulatory requirements while still complying with high service levels, being internal factors the ones prevailing when making inventory management decisions. Furthermore, this paper investigates, through predictive modelling techniques, how various intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence the inventory configurations of the case study company. The study shows that inventory configurations are relatively unstable over time, especially in configurations that present high safety stock levels; and that production features and product characteristics are important explanatory factors behind high inventory levels. Regulatory requirements also play an important role in explaining the high strategic inventory levels that pharmaceutical companies hold

AI and OR in management of operations: history and trends

The last decade has seen a considerable growth in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for operations management with the aim of finding solutions to problems that are increasing in complexity and scale. This paper begins by setting the context for the survey through a historical perspective of OR and AI. An extensive survey of applications of AI techniques for operations management, covering a total of over 1200 papers published from 1995 to 2004 is then presented. The survey utilizes Elsevier's ScienceDirect database as a source. Hence, the survey may not cover all the relevant journals but includes a sufficiently wide range of publications to make it representative of the research in the field. The papers are categorized into four areas of operations management: (a) design, (b) scheduling, (c) process planning and control and (d) quality, maintenance and fault diagnosis. Each of the four areas is categorized in terms of the AI techniques used: genetic algorithms, case-based reasoning, knowledge-based systems, fuzzy logic and hybrid techniques. The trends over the last decade are identified, discussed with respect to expected trends and directions for future work suggested

Hockey Stick Phenomenon: Supply Chain Management Challenge In Brazil

The objective of this study is to investigate a phenomenon that occurs in Brazil, specifically the spike in demand at the end of the sales period, known as the hockey stick phenomenon. This analysis will encompass the causes as well as the impacts of this phenomenon, in a way that allows alternative policies to be evaluated. Data was collected from a Brazilian branch of a large multinational in the non-durable consumer goods industry and in semi-structured interviews conducted face-to-face with executives of 26 clients. The data was used to generate a continuous simulation model based on the methods of systems dynamics. The findings showed that the phenomenon negatively impacted the manufacturer's financial performance in the long term and indicated required changes necessary to remediate the phenomenon. This is an empirical study on the hockey stick phenomenon, a problem that affects diverse companies in Brazil. 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Endüstri mühendisliğinde bilgisayar destekli öğrenme uygulaması

Text in English ; Abstract: English and TurkishIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 63-66)xi, 96 leavesLearning is the most central process in education where it's essential outcome being the assimilation of new skills, abilities, perspectives, attitudes, and knowledge. Learning is a life-long quest that is vital in today's information based economy. Educational institutions, though not exclusively, play a significant role in an individual's learning journey. Over the last two decades there has been significant research and development in methods of learning and teaching mostly spearheaded by institutions of higher education. At the core of these R&D efforts lie the need for improving the effectiveness of traditional methods of learning and teaching. Motivated by this need we designed and report here a computer aided learning application that helps better teach and learn some of the topics in inventory control and production planning in the discipline of industrial engineering. Computer aided learning environment provides time and location flexibility, enables asynchronicity, self-pacing, and experiential self-learning, extensively utilizes multi-media, and supports multiple types of learning styles. We designed our application in order to take advantage of all the benefits of this environment to reinforce the learning goals associated with our application area. Our application is a learning tool named WashMac Game. The game has three levels that are aligned with the progress of the student. Each level aims to simulate the production and sales process and teaching to calculate the product amounts. There are animations for teaching and understanding more easily and accurate.Öğrenme kelimesi, bilgi edinmek, yetenek ve beceri kazanmak anlamlarına gelmektedir. Öğrenme işi sonucunda yeni yetenekler, davranışlar kazanılır ve bilgi öğrenimi gerçekleşmektedir. Eğitim kurumlarının bilgiye ek olarak kişisel öğrenme üzerinde de etkin bir rolü vardır. Son 20 yılda öğrenme ile ilgili önemli araştırmalar ve gelişimler yaşanmıştır. Klasik öğrenme olarak ifade edilen öğrenme çeşidinde araştırma geliştirmeler sonucunda ilerlediğini ve yerini elektronik öğrenmeye bırakmaya başladığını görüyoruz. Bu araştırmalara istinaden endüstri mühendisliği için bilgisayar destekli öğrenme üzerine bir çalışma yaptık. Envanter kontrolü ve üretim planlama konularını kapsayan bir tasarım hazırladık. Bilgisayar destekli eğitim sayesinde, kullanıcılar zaman ve yer konularında esneklik kazanılabilmektedir. Bir diğer faydası ise kullanıcılar başka bir insana, öğretmene ayrıca ihtiyaç duymadan öğrenim görebilmektedir. Tasarladığımız uygulamanın ismi WashMac Game olup toplamda 3 seviyeden oluşmaktadır. Basitten başlayarak üretim ve satış süreçlerinde üretilecek miktarları hesaplamayı, envanteri takip etmeyi öğretmeyi hedefliyoruz. Öğrenme stillerini baz alarak animasyonlar kullandık. Kullanıcının dikkati çekebilen bir oyun olmasına dikkat ederek tasarımı hazırladık.IntroductionMotivationContributionsOutlineLearning TheoryTypes of IntelligenceTypes of LearningBloom’s TaxonomyBloom's Revised TaxonomyLearning StylesTradional LearningE-LearningProject Based LearningComputer Aided LearningLearning by DoingNew LearningOnline Learning CommunitiesLearning Objectives and Learning OutcomesY & Z GenerationIndustrial EngineersLiterature ReviewVisual Matrix Calculator for Undergraduate StudentsGeogebraThe Virtual CompanySupply Chain SimulatorThe Poker Chip GameImplementationsBeer GamePrisoner’s DilemmaTaxonomiesTaxonomy of Inventory Control PoliciesTaxonomy of Production ModesTaxonomy of Facility Layout TypesTaxonomy of Mathematical ModelsWashMac Learning GameWelcome ScreenFirst Level (Easy)TermsThe Second Level (Medium)EOQ Model(r,Q), (s,S) policiesThe Third Level (Hard)QuizzesAssembly LineConclusio