Electrical Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Design and Operations

California aims to achieve five million zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) on the road by 2030 and 250,000 electrical vehicle (EV) charging stations by 2025. To reduce barriers in this process, the research team developed a simulation-based system for EV charging infrastructure design and operations. The increasing power demand due to the growing EV market requires advanced charging infrastructures and operating strategies. This study will deliver two modules in charging station design and operations, including a vehicle charging schedule and an infrastructure planning module for the solar-powered charging station. The objectives are to increase customers’ satisfaction, reduce the power grid burden, and maximize the profitability of charging stations using state-of-the-art global optimization techniques, machine-learning-based solar power prediction, and model predictive control (MPC). The proposed research has broad societal impacts and significant intellectual merits. First, it meets the demand for green transportation by increasing the number of EV users and reducing the transportation sector’s impacts on climate change. Second, an optimal scheduling tool enables fast charging of EVs and thus improves the mobility of passengers. Third, the designed planning tools enable an optimal design of charging stations equipped with a solar panel and battery energy storage system (BESS) to benefit nationwide transportation system development

System Dynamics Simulation to Test Operational Policies in the Milk-Cheese Supply Chain Case study: Piar Municipality, Bolivar State, Venezuela.

With the purpose of detecting the impact that variations of demand cause in the milk-cheese supply chain, and determining how the operational policies of capacity, inventories or labor force can mitigate this impact, a system dynamics simulation model has been designed based on a survey conducted on a sample of cheese manufacturers and their links with milk farms, transportation companies and cheese distributors. This supply chain will be consolidated when a milk center that will collect the raw milk is completed. From this center, and after adequate treatment, milk will be distributed to the different cheese manufacturers in the supply chain. Managing adequately the milk-cheese supply chain represents an important challenge due to the short life of these products. Although this study was done in a region in Latin America, its results can be applicable to food supply chains by introducing some modifications. The milk-cheese supply chain in this case study contemplates three milk producers, one milk center, five cheese producers and several distributing agents. These companies operate individually under normal conditions, but they have understood that their integration in a supply chain improves the competitiveness of all its members. That is to say, the sum is greater than the parts. For its initial design a simulation software model is used in which the resources of the supply chain are optimized. Later the product of this optimization facilitates some initial values to be used in the system dynamics model in which causeeffect or influence relationships have been previously established considering the most representative variables. Finally, changes in operational policies that can reduce the level of pending orders in the supply chain are tested using other simulation software. The main contribution of this research is that it can serve as support or contribute to reduce the uncertainty in the decision making process of the supply chain management due to the speed with which individual or combined policies can be analyzed. In response to a variation of demand the most adequate policy may be selected and that can be done before the policy is implemented

Smart Dynamic Traffic Monitoring and Enforcement System

Enforcement of traffic rules and regulations involves a wide range of complex tasks, many of which demand the use of modern technologies. variable speed limits (VSL) control is to change the current speed limit according to the current traffic situation based on the observed traffic conditions. The aim of this study is to provide a simulation-based methodological framework to evaluate (VSL) as an effective Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) enforcement system. The focus of the study is on measuring the effectiveness of the dynamic traffic control strategy on traffic performance and safety considering various performance indicators such as total travel time, average delay, and average number of stops. United Arab Emirates (UAE) was selected as a case study to evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy. A micro simulation software package VISSIM with add-on module VisVAP is used to evaluate the impacts of VSL. It has been observed that VSL control strategy reduced the average delay time per vehicle to around 7%, travel time by 3.2%, and number of stops by 48.5%. Dynamic traffic control strategies also alleviated congestion by increasing the capacity of the bottleneck section and improving safety. Results of this study would act as a guidance for engineers and decision makers to new traffic control system implementation

Multi-Airport System Development Model: Case Study of Airports in Indonesia

Indonesia's air transportation business has grown substantially to suit the community's transportation needs. An increasing number of people travel by airline each year. By way of secondary and tertiary multiplier effects, the intensifying competition between airport services provided in neighboring regions is likely to have a multiplier influence on a territory. Simultaneously, airport services that are more competitive are focused on areas with rising economic growth in sectors like tourism. MAS is an airport system consisting of at least two airports within a metropolitan area that support civil aviation. MAS includes both big and small airports. MAS is the development of an air transportation system to suit the growing demand for air transportation services. As an example of an integrated multi-model airport design in Indonesia, this research will examine Juanda International Airport, Surabaya, as the major airport and Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport as the secondary airport. In order to establish an integrated multi-modal airport in Indonesia, it is necessary to adopt a multi-airport system. This study's airport location is in East Java Province and includes two airports: Juanda International Airport and Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport. The Juanda International Airport is situated in Sedati, Sidoarjo, whilst the Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport is in Pakis, Malang Regency. Using modelling findings and final passenger statistics, airport capacity in 2045 is determined. The results demonstrated the necessity for more comprehensive points in the MADAM simulation used in this research study, which can estimate a number of crucial parameters. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2021-07-013 Full Text: PD

Transitioning The U.S. Air Transportation System To Higher Fuel Costs

The air transportation system enables economic growth and provides significant social benefits. Future increases and volatility in oil prices, as well as climate change policies, are likely to increase the effective cost of fuel. We investigate the expected impacts of higher fuel costs on the U.S. domestic air transportation system and discuss policy options to reduce negative economic and social effects. The 2004-08 fuel price surge is used as a historical case study. A stochastic simulation model is developed using price elasticity of demand assumptions and flight leg fuel burn estimates to understand the impacts of higher fuel costs. It was found that a 50% increase in fuel prices is expected to result in a 12% reduction in ASMs if all cost increases pass through to passengers. System revenues are expected to decrease marginally for fuel price increases up to 50%, but higher increases may result in significant revenue reductions. Small airports are expected to experience relatively larger decreases and greater volatility in traffic. Older aircraft, flying sectors significantly below their optimal fuel efficiency range, are expected to experience the greatest reductions in capacity. An airline case study demonstrates that a regional carrier may be less sensitive to increased fuel prices than other business models. Policy options to maintain small community access, to manage airport traffic volatility, and to improve fleet fuel efficiency are discussed. To transition the U.S. air transportation system to higher fuel costs, stakeholder action will be required.MIT Partnership for AiR Transportation Noise & Emissions Reduction (PARTNER) provided access to the Piano-X aircraft performance database. The Transportation Research Board’s (TRB) Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) supported this work through the Graduate Research Award Program on Public-Sector Aviation Issues

Novel availability and performance ratio for internal transportation and manufacturing processes in job shop company

Purpose: Purpose of this study includes the quantification of the impact of transportation efficiency onto the workstations the transportation serves in term of throughput and total lead time elapsed by product. Besides, it aims to synchronize the capacity available among workstations throughout a production line by studying the upper limit of throughput could be afforded by each workstation as well as their connection with each other. This study is also done on the purpose of promoting fulfillment of customer demand at shorter delivery time and minimal equipment utilization. Investigation on implementation of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) in an aerospace part-manufacturing company is studied to track out the potential opportunities to be improved. Design/methodology/approach: Site observation is conducted on all the five manufacturing workstations in the aforementioned aerospace part manufacturing company. Time data of both automated processes and manual processes are collected and they are used to construct simulation model. From that, various scenarios of transportation efficiency are simulated in Experiment 1. In addition, Experiment 2 is also set to examine the maximum capacity of each workstation. All of these are to highlight the relationship between workstation and processes and to verify the condition of imbalanced capacity among workstations in the company. In short, this has necessitated the integration of workstation and transportation activities within the company. These are followed by proposal of measures to quantify the wastes identified. Findings: The paper finds that implementation of OEE alone does not consider the reasonability of customer demand fulfillment. The results show that both transportation efficiency and imbalanced capacity throughout production system are not emphasized by OEE implementation in the case company. Therefore, responsibility of all workstations and transportation process in delivering demand on time are quantified. Transportation process which serves as the connectors of manufacturing processes is quantified and monitored by proposed Transportation Measure (TM) whereas workstations are measured using novel availability and performance ratio. Research limitations/implications: Future research should be conducted to examine the impact of other station within a company such as warehouse and logistic department to the performance of equipment and materials in manufacturing workstation. Besides, the material availability as well as the skills or performance of man power could be further incorporated into the measures to consider all the entities involved in manufacturing processes. Practical implications: The proposed availability and performance ratio for both transportation and manufacturing processes, which are related to each other, help in promoting better effectiveness of production system in terms of production amount and lead time. Besides, reasonable utilization equipment and minimal consumption of material are incorporated in the measures to promote Lean way in fulfilling customer demand. The effectiveness of entire production line is examined as a unity with joint responsibility under varying transportation efficiency and cycle time of each workstation. Both measures could be implemented together to optimize the production system and quantify the hidden wastes which are neglected in the OEE implementation. Originality/value: The novel availability and performance ratio are proposed to consider customer demand, historical equipment utilization and Takt time of each workstation to examine the possibility and reasonability of demand fulfillment. This prevents both over-processing and overproduction issues which are invisible in OEE. Furthermore, delay propagation throughout production system and interrelationship between processes are quantified under transportation measure. Other novelty of the paper is that it monitors the waiting time and lead time spent in each workstation at the same time considering utilization of workstation. The proposed Transportation Measure (TM) aims to reduce the queue length and waiting time at destination workstation at minimal utilization of forklift. It also promotes less capacity investment in transportation and prioritizes its scheduling according to urgency of destination workstation.Peer Reviewe