7 research outputs found

    СИНТЕЗ FPGA-АРХИТЕКТУР БАНКОВ ФИЛЬТРОВ НА ОСНОВЕ БЛОЧНОЙ ЛЕСТНИЧНОЙ ФАКТОРИЗАЦИИ В АЛГЕБРЕ КВАТЕРНИОНОВ (ЧАСТЬ 1)

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    Nowadays the methodology for designing systems on a chip is based on highly parameterized IP components which provide a wide range of adjustment of costs in resources, fixed point arithmetic data formats and system performance for a specific target application. The article presents a systematic approach for synthesizing FPGA architectures of integer reversible paraunitary filter banks in quaternion algebra (Int-Q-PUBB) for L2L (lossless-to-lossy) image transformed encoding. It is shown that the basic elementary transformation of the filter bank is the operation of quaternion multiplication (Q-MUL), the block-lifting factorization of which and the distributed arithmetic on the adder are the basis of the parametrizable Q-MUL IP-component.В настоящее время методологии проектирования систем на кристалле основываются на высокопараметризированных IP-компонентах (IP – intellectual property), которые для конкретного целевого приложения обеспечивают широкий диапазон регулировки затрат ресурсов, форматов данных арифметики с фиксированной запятой и производительности системы. В статье представлен систематический подход к синтезу FPGA-архитектур целочисленных обратимых параунитарных банков фильтров в алгебре кватернионов (Int-Q-ПУБФ) для трансформационного кодирования изображений по схеме L2L (lossless-to-lossy). Показывается, что базовым элементарным преобразованием банка фильтров является операция умножения кватернионов (Q-MUL). Блочная лестничная факторизация данной операции и распределенная арифметика на сумматорах положены в основу параметризируемого Q-MUL IP-компонента

    Improved technique for design of perfect reconstruction FIR QMF banks with lossless polyphase matrices

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    A technique is developed for the design of analysis filters in an M-channel maximally decimated, perfect reconstruction, finite-impulse-response quadrature mirror filter (FIR QMF) bank that has a lossless polyphase-component matrix E(z). The aim is to optimize the parameters characterizing E(z) until the sum of the stopband energies of the analysis filters is minimized. There are four novel elements in the procedure reported here. The first is a technique for efficient initialization of one of the M analysis filters, as a spectral factor of an Mth band filter. The factorization itself is done in an efficient manner using the eigenfilters approach, without the need for root-finding techniques. The second element is the initialization of the internal parameters which characterize E(z), based on the above spectral factor. The third element is a modified characterization, mostly free from rotation angles, of the FIR E(z). The fourth is the incorporation of symmetry among the analysis filters, so as to minimize the number of unknown parameters being optimized. The resulting design procedure always gives better filter responses than earlier ones (for a given filter length) and converges much faste

    Minimal structures for the implementation of digital rational lossless systems

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    Digital lossless transfer matrices and vectors (power-complementary vectors) are discussed for applications in digital filter bank systems, both single rate and multirate. Two structures for the implementation of rational lossless systems are presented. The first structure represents a characterization of single-input, multioutput lossless systems in terms of complex planar rotations, whereas the second structure offers a representation of M-input, M-output lossless systems in terms of unit-norm vectors. This property makes the second structure desirable in applications that involve optimization of the parameters. Modifications of the second structure for implementing single-input, multioutput, and lossless bounded real (LBR) systems are also included. The main importance of the structures is that they are completely general, i.e. they span the entire set of M×1 and M×M lossless systems. This is demonstrated by showing that any such system can be synthesized using these structures. The structures are also minimal in the sense that they use the smallest number of scalar delays and parameters to implement a lossless system of given degree and dimensions. A design example to demonstrate the main results is included

    The role of lossless systems in modern digital signal processing: a tutorial

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    A self-contained discussion of discrete-time lossless systems and their properties and relevance in digital signal processing is presented. The basic concept of losslessness is introduced, and several algebraic properties of lossless systems are studied. An understanding of these properties is crucial in order to exploit the rich usefulness of lossless systems in digital signal processing. Since lossless systems typically have many input and output terminals, a brief review of multiinput multioutput systems is included. The most general form of a rational lossless transfer matrix is presented along with synthesis procedures for the FIR (finite impulse response) case. Some applications of lossless systems in signal processing are presented

    Minimal structures for the implementation of digital rational lossless systems

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    Efficient complementary sequences-based architectures and their application to ranging measurements

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    Premio Extraordinario de Doctorado de la UAH en 2015En las últimas décadas, los sistemas de medición de distancias se han beneficiado de los avances en el área de las comunicaciones inalámbricas. En los sistemas basados en CDMA (Code-Division Multiple-Access), las propiedades de correlación de las secuencias empleadas juegan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de dispositivos de medición de altas prestaciones. Debido a las sumas ideales de correlaciones aperiódicas, los conjuntos de secuencias complementarias, CSS (Complementary Sets of Sequences), son ampliamente utilizados en sistemas CDMA. En ellos, es deseable el uso de arquitecturas eficientes que permitan generar y correlar CSS del mayor número de secuencias y longitudes posibles. Por el término eficiente se hace referencia a aquellas arquitecturas que requieren menos operaciones por muestra de entrada que con una arquitectura directa. Esta tesis contribuye al desarrollo de arquitecturas eficientes de generación/correlación de CSS y derivadas, como son las secuencias LS (Loosely Synchronized) y GPC (Generalized Pairwise Complementary), que permitan aumentar el número de longitudes y/o de secuencias disponibles. Las contribuciones de la tesis pueden dividirse en dos bloques: En primer lugar, las arquitecturas eficientes de generación/correlación para CSS binarios, derivadas en trabajos previos, son generalizadas al alfabeto multinivel (secuencias con valores reales) mediante el uso de matrices de Hadamard multinivel. Este planteamiento tiene dos ventajas: por un lado el aumento del número de longitudes que pueden generarse/correlarse y la eliminación de las limitaciones de las arquitecturas previas en el número de secuencias en el conjunto. Por otro lado, bajo ciertas condiciones, los parámetros de las arquitecturas generalizadas pueden ajustarse para generar/correlar eficientemente CSS binarios de mayor número de longitudes que con las arquitecturas eficientes previas. En segundo lugar, las arquitecturas propuestas son usadas para el desarrollo de nuevos algoritmos de generación/correlación de secuencias derivadas de CSS que reducen el número de operaciones por muestra de entrada. Finalmente, se presenta la aplicación de las secuencias estudiadas en un nuevo sistema de posicionamiento local basado en Ultra-Wideband y en un sistema de posicionamiento local basado en ultrasonidos

    Waveform Design for 5G and beyond Systems

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    5G traffic has very diverse requirements with respect to data rate, delay, and reliability. The concept of using multiple OFDM numerologies adopted in the 5G NR standard will likely meet these multiple requirements to some extent. However, the traffic is radically accruing different characteristics and requirements when compared with the initial stage of 5G, which focused mainly on high-speed multimedia data applications. For instance, applications such as vehicular communications and robotics control require a highly reliable and ultra-low delay. In addition, various emerging M2M applications have sparse traffic with a small amount of data to be delivered. The state-of-the-art OFDM technique has some limitations when addressing the aforementioned requirements at the same time. Meanwhile, numerous waveform alternatives, such as FBMC, GFDM, and UFMC, have been explored. They also have their own pros and cons due to their intrinsic waveform properties. Hence, it is the opportune moment to come up with modification/variations/combinations to the aforementioned techniques or a new waveform design for 5G systems and beyond. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide the latest research and advances in the field of waveform design for 5G systems and beyond
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