A self-organization structure for Hybrid Networks

International audienceThis paper focuses on the self-organization of ad hoc and hybrid networks. We propose to organize networks with two integrated virtual structures: a backbone and clusters. The backbone helps to optimize the flooding of control packets, and to offer a natural prolongation of the backbone of wired networks. Clusters help to hierarchize the network, each of which is managed logically by its clusterhead. Since MANETs are mobile, we propose distributed algorithms for both the construction and the maintenance to preserve an efficient virtual structure despite topology changes. Simulations results exhibit the robustness and persistence of the proposed virtual structure

Hybrid laws: constitutionalizing private governance networks

s.a.: Das Recht hybrider Netzwerke. Zeitschrift für das gesamte Handelsrecht und Wirtschaftsrecht 165, 2001, 550-575.. Italienische Fassung: Diritti ibridi: la costituzionalizzazione delle reti private di governance. In: Gunther Teubner, Costituzionalismo societario. Armando, Roma 2004 (im Erscheinen)

Power of global transnational networks : civilizing of world order

Can be a world order shaped by equivalents in the framework of the supranational model of Europe with the same legitimacy and with the same effectiveness? In this study was argued that Civilizing World Order (CWO) by Transnational Norm-Building Networks (TNNs) should have the legitimacy and effectiveness of the European Union supranational order. In this context, the concept of decentration (supra: centralization and infra: decentralization) which includes the nexus of voice (democratic participation) and entitlement (legal-social rights and duties) was examined. In this study as methodology published secondary data, online resources were used in order to reinforce the hypothesis.Kann eine Weltordnung durch Äquivalente, die im Rahmen der supranationalen Modell von Europa mit der gleichen Legitimität und Effektivität geprägt sein? In dieser Studie wurde argumentiert, dass Zivilizierung Welt Ordnung durch Transnationale Norm-bildung Netzwerke (TNNs) sollte die Legitimität und Effizienz der Europäischen Union supranationalen Ordnung haben. In diesem Zusammenhang den Begriff der Dezentrierung (supra: Zentralisierung und Infra: Dezentralisierung) wurde die Verknüpfung von Voice-(demokratischer Beteiligung) und Berechtigung/Verpflichtung (hinsichtlich sozialer und rechtlicher Rechten und Pflichten) umfasst untersucht. In dieser Studie als Methodik veröffentlicht sekundäre Daten und Online-Ressourcen wurden verwendet, um die Hypothese zu stärken.A mund të ketë një rendi botëror të që është krijuar nga Ekuivalentet me modelin mbikombëtare të Evropës me të njëjtin legjitimitet dhe me të njëjtin efektivitet? Në këtë studim është argumentuar se Civilizues së Rendit Botëror sipas Rrjetave Norm-ndertuese Ndërkombëtare duhet të kenë legjitimitetin dhe efektivitetin e rendit të Bashkimit Evropian që është mbikombëtare. Në këtë shikim, nocioni i decentrimit (supra: centralizimi dhe infra: decentralizimi) e cila përfshin lidhjen e zërit (pjesëmarrje demokratike) dhe e drejta (të drejtat ligjore – sociale dhe detyrat) janë shqyrtuar. Në këtë studim si metodologji janë përdorur dhënat të publikuara dhe burimet linjore në mënyrë që të përforcoj hipotezën

A survey of simulation techniques in commerce and defence

Despite the developments in Modelling and Simulation (M&S) tools and techniques over the past years, there has been a gap in the M&S research and practice in healthcare on developing a toolkit to assist the modellers and simulation practitioners with selecting an appropriate set of techniques. This study is a preliminary step towards this goal. This paper presents some results from a systematic literature survey on applications of M&S in the commerce and defence domains that could inspire some improvements in the healthcare. Interim results show that in the commercial sector Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) has been the most widely used technique with System Dynamics (SD) in second place. However in the defence sector, SD has gained relatively more attention. SD has been found quite useful for qualitative and soft factors analysis. From both the surveys it becomes clear that there is a growing trend towards using hybrid M&S approaches

Resolving structural variability in network models and the brain

Large-scale white matter pathways crisscrossing the cortex create a complex pattern of connectivity that underlies human cognitive function. Generative mechanisms for this architecture have been difficult to identify in part because little is known about mechanistic drivers of structured networks. Here we contrast network properties derived from diffusion spectrum imaging data of the human brain with 13 synthetic network models chosen to probe the roles of physical network embedding and temporal network growth. We characterize both the empirical and synthetic networks using familiar diagnostics presented in statistical form, as scatter plots and distributions, to reveal the full range of variability of each measure across scales in the network. We focus on the degree distribution, degree assortativity, hierarchy, topological Rentian scaling, and topological fractal scaling---in addition to several summary statistics, including the mean clustering coefficient, shortest path length, and network diameter. The models are investigated in a progressive, branching sequence, aimed at capturing different elements thought to be important in the brain, and range from simple random and regular networks, to models that incorporate specific growth rules and constraints. We find that synthetic models that constrain the network nodes to be embedded in anatomical brain regions tend to produce distributions that are similar to those extracted from the brain. We also find that network models hardcoded to display one network property do not in general also display a second, suggesting that multiple neurobiological mechanisms might be at play in the development of human brain network architecture. Together, the network models that we develop and employ provide a potentially useful starting point for the statistical inference of brain network structure from neuroimaging data.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, supplementary material