Promoting Inclusivity in the Archive: A literature review reassessing tradition through theory and practice

The call for social justice and rise of postmodernism in the second half of the 20th century forced the critical re-evaluation of the traditional archive and its presumed neutral role in the collection and creation of history. Reappraisal of traditional archive theory and practice was forced by heightened critical conscious among the field and its constituents. This literature review examines contemporary methodologies and methods influenced by the postmodern movement and call for social justice in the archive. Affect theory, radical empathy, and queer/ed methodology provide new frameworks for the thinking about the archive space and work towards the creation of a more diverse and inclusive archive. The collection of oral histories and participatory, community archiving practices provide concrete methods for employing the aforementioned theories. This paper purports that these ideas may be better framed within the context of the post-postmodern movement of metamodernism and calls for the continual evaluation of archival theory and practice within this vein

If CPM is so bad, why have we been using it so long?

Why has the Critical Path Method (CPM) been used so widely for so long given its inability to produce predictable outcomes? For shedding light on this paradox, the formative period of the CPM is analysed from two main angles. First, how was the CPM embedded into the construction management practice? Second, what was the methodological underpinning of the development of the CPM? These questions are researched through a literature review. In terms of embeddedness into practice, it turns out that the CPM morphed from being a way of production control, into a method for contract control. In consequence, the promotion of the CPM by owners has been crucial for pushing this method to be the mainstream approach to scheduling and production control. Regarding methodological underpinning, it turns out that the CPM was developed as a way of optimization, as part of the quantitative methods movement. This movement was largely based on the axiomatic approach to research. In good alignment with that approach, there was no attempt to empirically test quantitative models and their outcomes. In this context, the unrealistic assumptions and conceptualizations in CPM did not surface in forty years. These results are argued to be helpful in critical discussions on the role and merits of CPM and on the methodologies to be used in construction management research

The Measurement of Eye Movements in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Structured Review of an Emerging Area

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, occurs following a direct or indirect force to the head that causes a change in brain function. Many neurological signs and symptoms of mTBI can be subtle and transient, and some can persist beyond the usual recovery timeframe, such as balance, cognitive or sensory disturbance that may pre-dispose to further injury in the future. There is currently no accepted definition or diagnostic criteria for mTBI and therefore no single assessment has been developed or accepted as being able to identify those with an mTBI. Eye-movement assessment may be useful, as specific eye-movements and their metrics can be attributed to specific brain regions or functions, and eye-movement involves a multitude of brain regions. Recently, research has focused on quantitative eye-movement assessments using eye-tracking technology for diagnosis and monitoring symptoms of an mTBI. However, the approaches taken to objectively measure eye-movements varies with respect to instrumentation, protocols and recognition of factors that may influence results, such as cognitive function or basic visual function. This review aimed to examine previous work that has measured eye-movements within those with mTBI to inform the development of robust or standardized testing protocols. Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo and Scopus databases were searched. Twenty-two articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria and were reviewed, which examined saccades, smooth pursuits, fixations and nystagmus in mTBI compared to controls. Current methodologies for data collection, analysis and interpretation from eye-tracking technology in individuals following an mTBI are discussed. In brief, a wide range of eye-movement instruments and outcome measures were reported, but validity and reliability of devices and metrics were insufficiently reported across studies. Interpretation of outcomes was complicated by poor study reporting of demographics, mTBI-related features (e.g., time since injury), and few studies considered the influence that cognitive or visual functions may have on eye-movements. The reviewed evidence suggests that eye-movements are impaired in mTBI, but future research is required to accurately and robustly establish findings. Standardization and reporting of eye-movement instruments, data collection procedures, processing algorithms and analysis methods are required. Recommendations also include comprehensive reporting of demographics, mTBI-related features, and confounding variables

Methods for evaluating cervical range of motion in trauma settings

Immobilisation of the cervical spine is a common procedure following traumatic injury. This is often precautionary as the actual incidence of spinal injury is low. Nonetheless, stabilisation of the head and neck is an important part of pre-hospital care due to the catastrophic damage that may follow if further unrestricted movement occurs in the presence of an unstable spinal injury. Currently available collars are limited by the potential for inadequate immobilisation and complications caused by pressure on the patient's skin, restricted airway access and compression of the jugular vein. Alternative approaches to cervical spine immobilisation are being considered, and the investigation of these new methods requires a standardised approach to the evaluation of neck movement. This review summarises the research methods and scientific technology that have been used to assess and measure cervical range of motion, and which are likely to underpin future research in this field. A systematic search of international literature was conducted to evaluate the methodologies used to assess the extremes of movement that can be achieved in six domains. 34 papers were included in the review. These studies used a range of methodologies, but study quality was generally low. Laboratory investigations and biomechanical studies have gradually given way to methods that more accurately reflect the real-life situations in which cervical spine immobilisation occurs. Latterly, new approaches using virtual reality and simulation have been developed. Coupled with modern electromagnetic tracking technology this has considerable potential for effective application in future research. However, use of these technologies in real life settings can be problematic and more research is needed. © 2012 Voss et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Eye movements in the wild : Oculomotor control, gaze behavior & frames of reference

Understanding the brain's capacity to encode complex visual information from a scene and to transform it into a coherent perception of 3D space and into well-coordinated motor commands are among the outstanding questions in the study of integrative brain function. Eye movement methodologies have allowed us to begin addressing these questions in increasingly naturalistic tasks, where eye and body movements are ubiquitous and, therefore, the applicability of most traditional neuroscience methods restricted. This review explores foundational issues in (1) how oculomotor and motor control in lab experiments extrapolates into more complex settings and (2) how real-world gaze behavior in turn decomposes into more elementary eye movement patterns. We review the received typology of oculomotor patterns in laboratory tasks, and how they map onto naturalistic gaze behavior (or not). We discuss the multiple coordinate systems needed to represent visual gaze strategies, how the choice of reference frame affects the description of eye movements, and the related but conceptually distinct issue of coordinate transformations between internal representations within the brain.Peer reviewe

ANALISIS VARIASI GERAK MULTILATERAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PJOK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PASSING BAWAH BOLAVOLI

Abstrak Variasi gerak multilateral merupakan aktivitas satu tugas gerak yang di lakukan dengan berbagai cara dan seluas-luasnya dengan tujuan memperkaya gerakan yang dilakukan. Hal tersebut tentunya akan semakin memberikan kemudahan seseorang dalam melakukan aktivitas gerak. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan variasi gerak multilateral dalam pembelajaran passing bawah bolavoli. Penelitian ini merupakan study literature dengan metode literature review yaitu merujuk pada metodologi penelitian atau riset dan pengembangan yang telah dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan berbagai referensi dan penelitian yang relevan dengan topik permasalahan yang diteliti, pengumpulan referensi data menggunakan website dari jurnal Research-gate, Springer, Google Schoolar. Selanjutnya akan diperoleh PICO (population, intervention, comparation dan outcome). Dari hasil pencarian didapatkan 14 artikel yang  dan diterbitkan dalam tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2020, dengan kriteria 9 jurnal internasional, 4 jurnal nasional tidak terakreditasi dan 1 jurnal nasional yang terakreditasi sinta. Proses review jurnal membaca jurnal-jurnal yang terkait dan mengevaluasi selanjutnya membuat ringkasan dan menggabungkan hasil penemuan, Berdasarkan hasil proses analisis review ditemukan bahwa variasi gerak multilateral berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar passing bawah bolavoli. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan variasi gerak multilateral dalam pembelajaran passing bawah bolavoli peserta didik mendapatkan pengalaman pembelajaran variasi gerak baru, dan lebih aktif dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Kata Kunci: variasi; gerak multilateral; hasil belajar passing bawah   Abstract Multilateral movement variation is the activity of one movement task that is carried out in various ways and as widely as possible with the purpose of enriching the movement performed. This will certainly make it easier for someone to carry out movement activities. The purpose of this paper is to determine the application of multilateral movement variations in volleyball underhand pass learning. This research is a study literature using the literature review method, which refers to research or research and development methodologies that have been carried out to collect various references and research relevant to the topic of the problem to be studied, data reference collection using websites from the journal Researchgate, Springer, Google Scholar. Furthermore the PICO (population, intervention, comparison and outcome) will be obtained. From the results of the source search in the database, 14 articles were published from 2010 to 2020, with the criteria of 9 international journals, 4 unaccredited national journals and 1 sinta accredited national journal. The journal review process reads related journals and evaluates then summarize and combines the findings. Based on the results of the review analysis process, it was found that multilateral motion variations affect the volleyball underhand pass learning outcomes. It can be concluded that the application of multilateral movement variations in volleyball underhand pass learning, students gain experience in learning new variations of motion, and are more active in participating in the learning process. Keywords: variations; multilateral movement; learning outcomes underhand pass &nbsp

Quantitative approach of Min protein researches and applications: Experiments, mathematical modeling and computer simulations

Cell division in prokaryotes is a process (known as binary fission) where the parent cell divides into daughter cells. In this process, the dynamics of Min proteins is an important factor in the accurate positioning at the midcell in Escherichia coli. This site specificity is regulated by the oscillatorybehavior of Min proteins. Numerous studies of Min protein dynamics have focused on dynamic spatialtemporal pattern formation, the movement mechanism and the biochemical basis function mostly using wet lab experiments, but the quantitative data remains limited. Thus in this research review, focus is on quantitative methodologies. Up-to-date information and findings regarding Min proteins, particularly MinD proteins obtained by using quantitative approaches such as experiments, modeling and simulations were provided. This review of quantitative techniques is expected to benefit not only those who want to conduct research in this area using more quantitative approaches, but also those who are interested in using qualitative data to support their findings

Consultation and illness behaviour in response to symptoms: a comparison of models from different disciplinary frameworks and suggestions for future research directions

We all get ill and social scientific interest in how we respond – the study of illness behaviour – continues unabated. Existing models are useful, but have been developed and applied within disciplinary silos, resulting in wasted intellectual and empirical effort and an absence of accumulation of knowledge across disciplines. We present a critical review and detailed comparison of three process models of response to symptoms: the Illness Action Model, the Common Sense Model of the Self-Regulation of Health and Illness and the Network Episode Model. We suggest an integrated framework in which symptoms, responses and actions are simultaneously interpreted and evaluated in the light of accumulated knowledge and through interactions. Evaluation may be subconscious and is influenced by the extent to which the symptoms impose themselves, expectations of outcomes, the resources available and understanding of symptoms' salience and possible outcomes. Actions taken are part of a process of problem solving through which both individuals and their immediate social network seek to (re)achieve ‘normality’. Response is also influenced by social structure (directly and indirectly), cultural expectations of health, the meaning of symptoms, and access to and understandings of the legitimate use of services. Changes in knowledge, in embodied state and in emotions can all be directly influential at any point. We do not underestimate the difficulty of operationalising an integrated framework at different levels of analysis. Attempts to do so will require us to move easily between disciplinary understandings to conduct prospective, longitudinal, research that uses novel methodologies to investigate response to symptoms in the context of affective as well as cognitive responses and interactions within social networks. While challenging such an approach would facilitate accumulation of knowledge across disciplines and enable movement beyond description to change in individual and organisational responses

How did the publication of the book The Machine That Changed The World change management thinking? Exploring 25 years of lean literature

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to take a critical, analytical approach to explore the growth and spread of lean through the academic and practitioner community over the last twenty-five years. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive and systematic review of the extant of literature of lean was undertaken. The review spans from 1988 to 2013. To enable us to effectively manage and understand the diffusion of this set of literature a database, the Lean Publications Database (LPD), was constructed. Findings Lean has evolved to be one of the best-known, yet fiercely debated, process improvement methodologies. It emerged during a proliferation of such methodologies in business and management literature. Lean has developed from a generic description of Toyota Production System (TPS) to a particular type of organizational and management intervention focused on best practice and process improvement methodologies. Research limitations/implications This paper provides the first comprehensive review of the Lean literature, from the perspective of Lean as the unit of analysis. It covers both sides of the academic debate and categories the progression of Lean from its origins as a generic description of TPS to a movement that has change management systems in many and diverse sectors. Practical implications This paper demonstrates how Lean research, application and thinking has evolved over 25 years from its origins in explaining the performance improvements in Japanese auto-manufacturing to a holistic value system that is applicable to all business sectors, both private and public. Originality/value This study is original in that provides a different perspective to that of most previous studies. In most empirical studies on Lean, the unit of analysis is the organisation. However, in this study, the unit of analysis is the Lean phenomenon itself and represents a first step to developing an underpinning theory of Lean by linking it to the theory of swift, even flow (Schmenner and Swink, 1998), as such, it of interest to academics in the field of operations management and contributes to knowledge. It is also likely to be of interest to policy makers. Considerable amounts of public money have been spent, and continue to be spent, on promoting Lean. Taxpayers and policymakers are likely to be interested in whether that expenditure is justifiable. Twenty-five years of publications have been analysed to provide clarity around this popular approach to improvement

Postural education programmes with school children: A scoping review

Spinal deformities and back pain are growing problems in childhood and adolescence, due to unhealthy habits. This study undertook a scoping review to identify scientific studies with children and adolescents, focusing on the methodologies used, implementation of key factors and gaps, and results of postural education programmes to promote sustainable healthy habits. The methodological tool PRISMA-ScR was used. Five online databases were used to identify papers published since 2013. Eligibility criteria were defined, and the search strategies were drafted. A total of 86 publications were initially identified; after screening and applying eligibility criteria, 11 papers were included in this study for detailed analysis. The postural education programmes in these papers mainly focused on adolescents’ postures and postural learning acquisition, using different teaching methodologies; only one study was conducted with children between 5 and 6 years old enrolled in preschool. Follow-up studies revealed inconsistent results. However, developing and measuring the effectiveness of young children’s postural education programmes, to enhance experiences of movement variability and strategies for postural control in playful activities, is of great relevance for children’s healthy development, and can also have positive impacts on environmental and social sustainability by promoting healthy and conscious lifestyles.FCT -Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(UI/BD/154384/2022