26,090 research outputs found
Variational Deep Semantic Hashing for Text Documents
As the amount of textual data has been rapidly increasing over the past
decade, efficient similarity search methods have become a crucial component of
large-scale information retrieval systems. A popular strategy is to represent
original data samples by compact binary codes through hashing. A spectrum of
machine learning methods have been utilized, but they often lack expressiveness
and flexibility in modeling to learn effective representations. The recent
advances of deep learning in a wide range of applications has demonstrated its
capability to learn robust and powerful feature representations for complex
data. Especially, deep generative models naturally combine the expressiveness
of probabilistic generative models with the high capacity of deep neural
networks, which is very suitable for text modeling. However, little work has
leveraged the recent progress in deep learning for text hashing.
In this paper, we propose a series of novel deep document generative models
for text hashing. The first proposed model is unsupervised while the second one
is supervised by utilizing document labels/tags for hashing. The third model
further considers document-specific factors that affect the generation of
words. The probabilistic generative formulation of the proposed models provides
a principled framework for model extension, uncertainty estimation, simulation,
and interpretability. Based on variational inference and reparameterization,
the proposed models can be interpreted as encoder-decoder deep neural networks
and thus they are capable of learning complex nonlinear distributed
representations of the original documents. We conduct a comprehensive set of
experiments on four public testbeds. The experimental results have demonstrated
the effectiveness of the proposed supervised learning models for text hashing.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Pointing Without a Pointer
We present a method for performing selection tasks based on continuous control of multiple, competing agents who try to determine the user's intentions from their control behaviour without requiring an explicit pointer. The entropy in the selection process decreases in a continuous fashion -- we provide experimental evidence of selection from 500 initial targets. The approach allows adaptation over time to best make use of the multimodal communication channel between the human and the system. This general approach is well suited to mobile and wearable applications, shared displays and security conscious settings
Concepts and Their Dynamics: A Quantum-Theoretic Modeling of Human Thought
We analyze different aspects of our quantum modeling approach of human
concepts, and more specifically focus on the quantum effects of contextuality,
interference, entanglement and emergence, illustrating how each of them makes
its appearance in specific situations of the dynamics of human concepts and
their combinations. We point out the relation of our approach, which is based
on an ontology of a concept as an entity in a state changing under influence of
a context, with the main traditional concept theories, i.e. prototype theory,
exemplar theory and theory theory. We ponder about the question why quantum
theory performs so well in its modeling of human concepts, and shed light on
this question by analyzing the role of complex amplitudes, showing how they
allow to describe interference in the statistics of measurement outcomes, while
in the traditional theories statistics of outcomes originates in classical
probability weights, without the possibility of interference. The relevance of
complex numbers, the appearance of entanglement, and the role of Fock space in
explaining contextual emergence, all as unique features of the quantum
modeling, are explicitly revealed in this paper by analyzing human concepts and
their dynamics.Comment: 31 pages, 5 figure
Parameter Estimation of Social Forces in Crowd Dynamics Models via a Probabilistic Method
Focusing on a specific crowd dynamics situation, including real life
experiments and measurements, our paper targets a twofold aim: (1) we present a
Bayesian probabilistic method to estimate the value and the uncertainty (in the
form of a probability density function) of parameters in crowd dynamic models
from the experimental data; and (2) we introduce a fitness measure for the
models to classify a couple of model structures (forces) according to their
fitness to the experimental data, preparing the stage for a more general
model-selection and validation strategy inspired by probabilistic data
analysis. Finally, we review the essential aspects of our experimental setup
and measurement technique.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figure
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