INVESTIGATION OF INDUSTRY 5.0 HURDLES AND THEIR MITIGATION TACTICS IN EMERGING ECONOMIES BY TODIM ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC AGGREGATION OPERATORS IN SINGLE VALUE NEUTROSOPHIC ENVIRONMENT

Industry 5.0 acceptance is accelerating, but research is still in its infancy, and existing research covers a small subset of context-specific obstacles. This study aims to enumerate all potential obstacles, quantitatively rank them, and assess interdependencies at the organizational level for Industry 5.0 adoption. To achieve this, we thoroughly review the literature, identify obstacles, and investigate causal relationships using a multi-criteria decision-making approach called single value Neutrosophic TODIM. Single-valued Neutrosophic sets (SVNS) ensembles are employed in a real-world setting to deal with uncertainty and indeterminacy. The suggested strategy enables the experts to conduct group decision-making by focusing on ranking the smaller collection of criterion values and the comparison with the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method (DEMATEL). According to the findings, the most significant hurdles are expenses and the funding system, capacity scalability, upskilling, and reskilling of human labor. As a result, a comfortable atmosphere is produced for decision-making, enabling the experts to handle an acceptable amount of data while still making choices

Smart workplaces: a system proposal for stress management

Over the past last decades of contemporary society, workplaces have become the primary source of many health issues, leading to mental problems such as stress, depression, and anxiety. Among the others, environmental aspects have shown to be the causes of stress, illness, and lack of productivity. With the arrival of new technologies, especially in the smart workplaces field, most studies have focused on investigating the building energy efficiency models and human thermal comfort. However, little has been applied to occupants’ stress recognition and well-being overall. Due to this fact, this present study aims to propose a stress management solution for an interactive design system that allows the adapting of comfortable environmental conditions according to the user preferences by measuring in real-time the environmental and biological characteristics, thereby helping to prevent stress, as well as to enable users to cope stress when being stressed. The secondary objective will focus on evaluating one part of the system: the mobile application. The proposed system uses several usability methods to identify users’ needs, behavior, and expectations from the user-centered design approach. Applied methods, such as User Research, Card Sorting, and Expert Review, allowed us to evaluate the design system according to Heuristics Analysis, resulting in improved usability of interfaces and experience. The study presents the research results, the design interface, and usability tests. According to the User Research results, temperature and noise are the most common environmental stressors among the users causing stress and uncomfortable conditions to work in, and the preference for physical activities over the digital solutions for coping with stress. Additionally, the System Usability Scale (SUS) results identified that the system’s usability was measured as “excellent” and “acceptable” with a final score of 88 points out of the 100. It is expected that these conclusions can contribute to future investigations in the smart workplaces study field and their interaction with the people placed there.Nas últimas décadas da sociedade contemporânea, o local de trabalho tem se tornado principal fonte de muitos problemas de saúde mental, como o stress, depressão e ansiedade. Os aspetos ambientais têm se revelado como as causas de stress, doenças, falta de produtividade, entre outros. Atualmente, com a chegada de novas tecnologias, principalmente na área de locais de trabalho inteligentes, a maioria dos estudos tem se concentrado na investigação de modelos de eficiência energética de edifícios e conforto térmico humano. No entanto, pouco foi aplicado ao reconhecimento do stress dos ocupantes e ao bem-estar geral das pessoas. Diante disso, o objetivo principal é propor um sistema de design de gestão do stress para um sistema de design interativo que permita adaptar as condições ambientais de acordo com as preferências de utilizador, medindo em tempo real as características ambientais e biológicas, auxiliando assim na prevenção de stress, bem como ajuda os utilizadores a lidar com o stress quando estão sob o mesmo. O segundo objetivo é desenhar e avaliar uma parte do projeto — o protótipo da aplicação móvel através da realização de testes de usabilidade. O sistema proposto resulta da abordagem de design centrado no utilizador, utilizando diversos métodos de usabilidade para identificar as necessidades, comportamentos e as expectativas dos utilizadores. Métodos aplicados, como Pesquisa de Usuário, Card Sorting e Revisão de Especialistas, permitiram avaliar o sistema de design de acordo com a análise heurística, resultando numa melhoria na usabilidade das interfaces e experiência. O estudo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa, a interface do design e os testes de usabilidade. De acordo com os resultados de User Research, a temperatura e o ruído são os stressores ambientais mais comuns entre os utilizadores, causando stresse e condições menos favoráveis para trabalhar, igualmente existe uma preferência por atividades físicas sobre as soluções digitais na gestão do stresse. Adicionalmente, os resultados de System Usability Scale (SUS) identificaram a usabilidade do sistema de design como “excelente” e “aceitável” com pontuação final de 88 pontos em 100. É esperado que essas conclusões possam contribuir para futuras investigações no campo de estudo dos smart workplaces e sua interação com os utilizadores

Smart Manufacturing

This book is a collection of 11 articles that are published in the corresponding Machines Special Issue “Smart Manufacturing”. It represents the quality, breadth and depth of the most updated study in smart manufacturing (SM); in particular, digital technologies are deployed to enhance system smartness by (1) empowering physical resources in production, (2) utilizing virtual and dynamic assets over the Internet to expand system capabilities, (3) supporting data-driven decision-making activities at various domains and levels of businesses, or (4) reconfiguring systems to adapt to changes and uncertainties. System smartness can be evaluated by one or a combination of performance metrics such as degree of automation, cost-effectiveness, leanness, robustness, flexibility, adaptability, sustainability, and resilience. This book features, firstly, the concepts digital triad (DT-II) and Internet of digital triad things (IoDTT), proposed to deal with the complexity, dynamics, and scalability of complex systems simultaneously. This book also features a comprehensive survey of the applications of digital technologies in space instruments; a systematic literature search method is used to investigate the impact of product design and innovation on the development of space instruments. In addition, the survey provides important information and critical considerations for using cutting edge digital technologies in designing and manufacturing space instruments

Intelligent Decision Support System for Energy Management in Demand Response Programs and Residential and Industrial Sectors of the Smart Grid

This PhD thesis addresses the complexity of the energy efficiency control problem in residential and industrial customers of Smart electrical Grid, and examines the main factors that affect energy demand, and proposes an intelligent decision support system for applications of demand response. A multi criteria decision making algorithm is combined with a combinatorial optimization technique to assist energy managers to decide whether to participate in demand response programs or obtain energy from distributed energy resources

Investigation on Design and Development Methods for Internet of Things

The thesis work majorly focuses on the development methodologies of the Internet of Things (IoT). A detailed literature survey is presented for the discussion of various challenges in the development of software and design and deployment of hardware. The thesis work deals with the efficient development methodologies for the deployment of IoT system. Efficient hardware and software development reduces the risk of the system bugs and faults. The optimal placement of the IoT devices is the major challenge for the monitoring application. A Qualitative Spatial Reasoning (QSR) and Qualitative Temporal Reasoning (QTR) methodologies are proposed to build software systems. The proposed hybrid methodology includes the features of QSR, QTR, and traditional databased methodologies. The hybrid methodology is proposed to build the software systems and direct them to the specific goal of obtaining outputs inherent to the process. The hybrid methodology includes the support of tools and is detailed, integrated, and fits the general proposal. This methodology repeats the structure of Spatio-temporal reasoning goals. The object-oriented IoT device placement is the major goal of the proposed work. Segmentation and object detection is used for the division of the region into sub-regions. The coverage and connectivity are maintained by the optimal placement of the IoT devices using RCC8 and TPCC algorithms. Over the years, IoT has offered different solutions in all kinds of areas and contexts. The diversity of these challenges makes it hard to grasp the underlying principles of the different solutions and to design an appropriate custom implementation on the IoT space. One of the major objective of the proposed thesis work is to study numerous production-ready IoT offerings, extract recurring proven solution principles, and classify them into spatial patterns. The method of refinement of the goals is employed so that complex challenges are solved by breaking them down into simple and achievable sub-goals. The work deals with the major sub-goals e.g. efficient coverage of the field, connectivity of the IoT devices, Spatio-temporal aggregation of the data, and estimation of spatially connected regions of event detection. We have proposed methods to achieve each sub-goal for all different types of spatial patterns. The spatial patterns developed can be used in ongoing and future research on the IoT to understand the principles of the IoT, which will, in turn, promote the better development of existing and new IoT devices. The next objective is to utilize the IoT network for enterprise architecture (EA) based IoT application. EA defines the structure and operation of an organization to determine the most effective way for it to achieve its objectives. Digital transformation of EA is achieved through analysis, planning, design, and implementation, which interprets enterprise goals into an IoT-enabled enterprise design. A blueprint is necessary for the readying of IT resources that support business services and processes. A systematic approach is proposed for the planning and development of EA for IoT-Applications. The Enterprise Interface (EI) layer is proposed to efficiently categorize the data. The data is categorized based on local and global factors. The clustered data is then utilized by the end-users. A novel four-tier structure is proposed for Enterprise Applications. We analyzed the challenges, contextualized them, and offered solutions and recommendations. The last objective of the thesis work is to develop energy-efficient data consistency method. The data consistency is a challenge for designing energy-efficient medium access control protocol used in IoT. The energy-efficient data consistency method makes the protocol suitable for low, medium, and high data rate applications. The idea of energyefficient data consistency protocol is proposed with data aggregation. The proposed protocol efficiently utilizes the data rate as well as saves energy. The optimal sampling rate selection method is introduced for maintaining the data consistency of continuous and periodic monitoring node in an energy-efficient manner. In the starting phase, the nodes will be classified into event and continuous monitoring nodes. The machine learning based logistic classification method is used for the classification of nodes. The sampling rate of continuous monitoring nodes is optimized during the setup phase by using optimized sampling rate data aggregation algorithm. Furthermore, an energy-efficient time division multiple access (EETDMA) protocol is used for the continuous monitoring on IoT devices, and an energy-efficient bit map assisted (EEBMA) protocol is proposed for the event driven nodes

Experience goals in designing professional tools : evoking meaningful experiences at work

For most adults, work is an important part of life. Experiences at work are shaped considerably by the workplace context wherein professional tools often play a crucial role. Given this significance, this doctoral research is concerned with human flourishing at work as mediated by professional tools and work-related service touchpoints. This dissertation concentrates on prioritising meaningful experiences as high-level design goals in the early phase of the design process, which enables a creative approach to professional tool innovation. In the last three decades, the societal change from the materialistic to the experiential has boosted business-to-consumer design practices with a focus on experiential quality. Compelling consumer experiences in daily life have raised the bar of people’s expectations for desirable experiences at work. In contrast, current work tool design in the business-to-business setting is mainly driven by product performance criteria, system productivity, and cost efficiency. The value of meaningful experiences at work as a catalyst for employee flourishing seems largely neglected in work tool design. This dissertation therefore proposes to shift the orientation of work tool design from product-centred problem solving towards experience-focused possibility seeking. This research follows Hassenzahl’s proposition of experience design, to think intended experiences before concrete design outcome. To maintain the designers’ focus on experiential objectives throughout the design process, this dissertation introduces a key conceptual instrument of inquiry into design practice, namely, the experience goal (Xgoal). This dissertation defines Xgoals as high-level design objectives that concretise the intended momentary emotion or lasting meaning that a person feels about a product or service to be designed. The main challenges of Xgoal setting and realisation correspond to a design abduction process in which designers constantly experiment with tentative Xgoals until a preferable match between the two emerges. Thus, this research investigates Xgoal setting and utilisation for work tool design in the specific context of the Finnish metals and engineering industry where traditional problem-solving engineering design dominates. Theoretically, this research utilises the multidisciplinary lenses of positive psychology, organisational management, and possibility-driven design thinking to study Xgoals in creative design practice. Methodologically, this dissertation extracts data from 20 master student projects that collaborated with heavy industry companies. These projects were deliberately designed for meaningful experiences at work in relation to professional tool innovation. The analysis of these project reports emphasises design reasoning for Xgoal setting and utilisation in design activities. Finally, Xgoals as designerly instruments were evaluated in expert interviews. The findings of this research first indicate that Xgoals with in-depth meaning can lead a possibility-driven design process because Xgoals define the in-depth reason for design opportunities rather than a means to a solution. Xgoals can facilitate the considered design space expansion from the main product towards a product-service system and from styling towards human-product interaction, face-to-face communication, and organisational strategy. Second, the findings suggest that the mechanisms of meaningful work can complement a Positive Design Framework, and further propose Xgoals in terms of design for virtue, personal significance and pleasure intertwined with the meaningfulness of work. Third, this research uncovers design strategies for experiences of pride at work along social and temporal dimensions. Finally, this dissertation suggests the generative, reflective, and communicative functions of Xgoals in design practice. This research contributes a theory-inspired and design case-based approach to tool design for evoking meaningful experiences at work. Future studies on this could concentrate on applying the proposed framework and design strategies to other domains, and further develop context-dependent Xgoal setting and utilisation methods for possibility-driven design

SciTech News Volume 70, No. 4 (2016)

Columns and Reports From the Editor 3 Division News Science-Technology Division 4 SLA Annual Meeting 2016 Report (S. Kirk Cabeen Travel Stipend Award recipient) 6 Reflections on SLA Annual Meeting (Diane K. Foster International Student Travel Award recipient) 8 SLA Annual Meeting Report (Bonnie Hilditch International Librarian Award recipient)10 Chemistry Division 12 Engineering Division 15 Reflections from the 2016 SLA Conference (SPIE Digital Library Student Travel Stipend recipient)15 Fundamentals of Knowledge Management and Knowledge Services (IEEE Continuing Education Stipend recipient) 17 Makerspaces in Libraries: The Big Table, the Art Studio or Something Else? (by Jeremy Cusker) 19 Aerospace Section of the Engineering Division 21 Reviews Sci-Tech Book News Reviews 22 Advertisements IEEE 17 WeBuyBooks.net 2

DESIGN AND EXPLORATION OF NEW MODELS FOR SECURITY AND PRIVACY-SENSITIVE COLLABORATION SYSTEMS

Collaboration has been an area of interest in many domains including education, research, healthcare supply chain, Internet of things, and music etc. It enhances problem solving through expertise sharing, ideas sharing, learning and resource sharing, and improved decision making. To address the limitations in the existing literature, this dissertation presents a design science artifact and a conceptual model for collaborative environment. The first artifact is a blockchain based collaborative information exchange system that utilizes blockchain technology and semi-automated ontology mappings to enable secure and interoperable health information exchange among different health care institutions. The conceptual model proposed in this dissertation explores the factors that influences professionals continued use of video- conferencing applications. The conceptual model investigates the role the perceived risks and benefits play in influencing professionals’ attitude towards VC apps and consequently its active and automatic use

IoT and Industry 4.0 technologies in Digital Manufacturing Transformation

The evolution of internet of things, cyber physical system, digital twin and artificial intelligence is stimulating the transformation of the product-centric processes toward smart control digital service-oriented ones. With the implementation of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, IoT has accelerated the movement from connecting devices to the Internet to collecting and analyzing data by using sensors to extract data throughout the lifecycle of the product, in order to create value and knowledge from the huge amount of the collected data, such as the knowledge of the product performance and conditions. The importance of internet of things technology in manufacturing comes from its ability to collect real time data and extract valuable knowledge from these huge amount of data which can be supported through the implementation of smart IoT-based servitization framework which was presented in this research together with a 10-steps approach diagram. Moreover, literature review has been carried out to develop the research and deepen the knowledge in the field of IoT, CPS, DT and Artificial Intelligence, and then interviews with experts have been conducted to validate the contents, since DT is a quite new technology, so there are different points of view about certain concepts of this technology. The main scope and objective of this research is to allow organizational processes and companies to benefit form the value added information that can be achieved through the right implementation of advanced technologies such as IoT, DT, CPS, and artificial intelligence which can provide financial benefits to the manufacturing companies and competitive advantages to make them stand among the other competitors in the market. The effectiveness of such technologies can not only improve the financial benefits of the companies, but the workers\u2019 safety and health through the real time monitoring of the work environment. Here in this research the main aim is to present the right frameworks that can be used in the literature through companies and researchers to allow them to implement these technologies correctly in the boundaries of their businesses. In addition to that, the Smart factory concept, as introduced in the context of Industry 4.0, promotes the development of a new interconnected manufacturing environment where human operators cooperate with machines. While the role of the operator in the smart factory is substantially being rediscussed, the industrial approach towards safety and ergonomics still appears frequently outdated and inadequate. This research approaches such topic referring to the vibration risk, a well-known cause of work-related pathologies, and proposes an original methodology for mapping the risk exposure related to the performed activities. A miniaturized wearable device is employed to collect vibration data, and the obtained signals are segmented and processed in order to extract the significant features. An original machine learning classifier is then employed to recognize the worker\u2019s activity and evaluate the related exposure to vibration risks. Finally, the results obtained from the experimental analysis demonstrate feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed methodology

A configurational view on technology acceptance: the example of highly integrated collaboration platforms

Highly integrated software environments for various routine and non-routine tasks promise productivity gains for organizations. To fulfill this promise, users need to be willing to employ the new technology. A combined perspective of sufficient and necessary conditions in the form of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and, necessary condition analysis (NCA) is used to examine the technology acceptance of workstream collaboration tools, advancing examinations from a multivariate perspective to a more holistic view. One hundred thirty participants were trained in the software application Slack for three months. Following the training period, configurational analysis using fsQCA and NCA based on a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework was conducted based on 116 qualified questionnaires. Necessity assessment shows that all influence factors exhibit necessity properties, with facilitating conditions and effort expectancy most substantially constraining an individual’s intention to use. Sufficiency evaluation confirms UTAUT’s variable choice and identifies social influence as a key condition that enables intention to use. Segmentation according to gender further reveals that effort expectancy and facilitating conditions are necessary conditions for female users but not for males