1,911 research outputs found
A survey on subjecting electronic product code and non-ID objects to IP identification
Over the last decade, both research on the Internet of Things (IoT) and
real-world IoT applications have grown exponentially. The IoT provides us with
smarter cities, intelligent homes, and generally more comfortable lives.
However, the introduction of these devices has led to several new challenges
that must be addressed. One of the critical challenges facing interacting with
IoT devices is to address billions of devices (things) around the world,
including computers, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices, sensors, and
embedded computers, and so on. This article provides a survey on subjecting
Electronic Product Code and non-ID objects to IP identification for IoT
devices, including their advantages and disadvantages thereof. Different
metrics are here proposed and used for evaluating these methods. In particular,
the main methods are evaluated in terms of their: (i) computational overhead,
(ii) scalability, (iii) adaptability, (iv) implementation cost, and (v) whether
applicable to already ID-based objects and presented in tabular format.
Finally, the article proves that this field of research will still be ongoing,
but any new technique must favorably offer the mentioned five evaluative
parameters.Comment: 112 references, 8 figures, 6 tables, Journal of Engineering Reports,
Wiley, 2020 (Open Access
Analysing Crowd Behaviours using Mobile Sensing
PhDResearchers have examined crowd behaviour in the past by employing a variety of methods
including ethnographic studies, computer vision techniques and manual annotation-based
data analysis. However, because of the resources to collect, process and analyse data, it
remains difficult to obtain large data sets for study. Mobile phones offer easier means for
data collection that is easy to analyse and can preserve the userâs privacy. The aim of this
thesis is to identify and model different qualities of social interactions inside crowds using
mobile sensing technology. This Ph.D. research makes three main contributions centred
around the mobile sensing and crowd sensing area.
Firstly, an open-source licensed mobile sensing framework is developed, named SensingKit,
that is capable of collecting mobile sensor data from iOS and Android devices,
supporting most sensors available in modern smartphones. The framework has been evaluated
in a case study that investigates the pedestrian gait synchronisation phenomenon.
Secondly, a novel algorithm based on graph theory is proposed capable of detecting
stationary social interactions within crowds. It uses sensor data available in a modern
smartphone device, such as the Bluetooth Smart (BLE) sensor, as an indication of user
proximity, and accelerometer sensor, as an indication of each userâs motion state.
Finally, a machine learning model is introduced that uses multi-modal mobile sensor
data extracted from Bluetooth Smart, accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. The validation
was performed using a relatively large dataset with 24 participants, where they
were asked to socialise with each other for 45 minutes. By using supervised machine
learning based on gradient-boosted trees, a performance increase of 26.7% was achieved
over a proximity-based approach. Such model can be beneficial to the design and implementation
of in-the-wild crowd behavioural analysis, design of influence strategies, and
algorithms for crowd reconfiguration.UK Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL
Wireless body sensor networks for health-monitoring applications
This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in
Physiological Measurement. The publisher is
not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version
derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/29/11/R01
RTST Trend Report: lead theme Contextualisation
Specht, M., Börner, D., Tabuenca, B., Ternier, S., De Vries, F., Kalz, M., Drachsler, H., & Schmitz, B. (2012). RTST Trend Report: lead theme Contextualisation. Deliverable 1.7 of STELLAR network of excellence. Heerlen, The Netherlands.In summary this trend-scouting report highlights different design dimensions of contextualizing learning. On the one hand designing educational context: the components and constituents of the educational setting, which also have to be orchestrated in an instructional design or the process of orchestration (Luckin, 2010, Specht, 2009) on the other hand bridging and linking learning contexts for seamless learning support: Wong et al. define design dimensions of seamless learning experiences and which gaps they identify and what challenges must be tackled to create seamless learning experiences (Wong, 2011).STELLAR Network of Excellence, Grant 23191
A cost-effective, mobile platform-based, photogrammetric approach for continuous structural deformation monitoring
PhD ThesisWith the evolution of construction techniques and materials technology, the design of
modern civil engineering infrastructure has become increasingly advanced and
complex. In parallel to this, the development and application of appropriate and
efficient monitoring technologies has become essential. Improvement in the
performance of structural monitoring systems, reduction of labour and total
implementation costs have therefore become important issues that scientists and
engineers are committed to solving.
In this research, a non-intrusive structural monitoring system was developed based on
close-range photogrammetric principles. This research aimed to combine the merits of
photogrammetry and latest mobile phone technology to propose a cost-effective,
compact (portable) and precise solution for structural monitoring applications. By
combining the use of low-cost imaging devices (two or more mobile phone handsets)
with in-house control software, a monitoring project can be undertaken within a
relatively low budget when compared to conventional methods. The system uses
programmable smart phones (Google Android v.2.2 OS) to replace conventional
in-situ photogrammetric imaging stations. The developed software suite is able to
control multiple handsets to continuously capture high-quality, synchronized image
sequences for short or long-term structural monitoring purposes. The operations are
fully automatic and the system can be remotely controlled, exempting the operator
from having to attend the site, and thus saving considerable labour expense in
long-term monitoring tasks. In order to prevent the system from crashing during a
long-term monitoring scheme, an automatic system state monitoring program and a
system recovery module were developed to enhance the stability. In considering that
the image resolution for current mobile phone cameras is relatively low (in
comparison to contemporary digital SLR cameras), a target detection algorithm was
developed for the mobile platform that, when combined with dedicated target patterns,
was found to improve the quality of photogrammetric target measurement. Comparing
the photogrammetric results with physical measurements, which were measured using
a Zeiss P3 analytical plotter, the returned accuracy achieved was 1/67,000.
The feasibility of the system has been proven through the implementation of an
indoor simulation test and an outdoor experiment. In terms of using this system for
actual structural monitoring applications, the optimal relative accuracy of distance
measurement was determined to be approximately 1/28,000 under laboratory
conditions, and the outdoor experiment returned a relative accuracy of approximately
1/16,400
Handling Emergent Conflicts in Adaptable Rule-based Sensor Networks
This thesis presents a study into conflicts that emerge amongst sensor device rules when such devices are formed into networks. It describes conflicting patterns of communication and computation that can disturb the monitoring of subjects, and lower the quality of service. Such conflicts can negatively affect the lifetimes of the devices and cause incorrect information to be reported. A novel approach to detecting and resolving conflicts is presented.
The approach is considered within the context of home-based psychiatric Ambulatory Assessment (AA). Rules are considered that can be used to control the behaviours of devices in a sensor network for AA. The research provides examples of rule conflict that can be found for AA sensor networks.
Sensor networks and AA are active areas of research and many questions remain open regarding collaboration amongst collections of heterogeneous devices to collect data, process information in-network, and report personalised findings. This thesis presents an investigation into reliable rule-based service provisioning for a variety of stakeholders, including care providers, patients and technicians. It contributes a collection of rules for controlling AA sensor networks.
This research makes a number of contributions to the field of rule-based sensor networks, including areas of knowledge representation, heterogeneous device support, system personalisation, and in particular, system reliability. This thesis provides evidence to support the conclusion that conflicts can be detected and resolved in adaptable rule-based sensor networks
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