Making an Impression: An Assessment of the Role of Print Surfaces Within the Technological, Commercial, Intellectual and Cultural Trajectory of Book Illustration, c. 1780-c.1860

The processes by which book illustrations were printed and reproduced underwent dramatic changes between 1780 and 1860. The arrival of lithography, the invention of steel engraving and the revival of wood engraving had lasting effects on the market for illustrated books, which gave rise to the ‘golden age’ of illustration by the 1860s. This thesis assesses the function of book illustration amidst the technological, commercial, cultural and social changes that took place before the onset of this golden age of illustration. It does so through the lens of illustrations’ materiality: the form, shape and size of illustrations, which inform both the visual contents of illustrations as well as the position they occupy on the page and arrangement across the book. It argues that a greater appreciation of the print surfaces reveals more about how illustrations both shaped and were shaped by the social, cultural, commercial and intellectual contexts in which they were produced. This thesis intersects between bibliographical approaches that have enriched our understanding of the techniques and surfaces used to reproduce book illustrations, and visual culture studies that foreground the graphic contents of such illustrations. Macro analyses of the changes to printing techniques across different subjects, in addition to micro-analytical studies of individual illustrations and books allows for a greater understanding of the diverse and often complex roles illustrations played in these books, which often transcended considerations of narrative or genre. Furthermore, by applying computational and digital methods, we can begin to understand broader patterns of illustration both within the book and across different subjects that would not otherwise be possible. As such, this thesis has implications for the history of the book, visual culture studies, digital humanities, and the history of the subjects and genres that have been used as case studies

Intellectual Property Management in Health and Agricultural Innovation: Executive Guide

Prepared by and for policy-makers, leaders of public sector research establishments, technology transfer professionals, licensing executives, and scientists, this online resource offers up-to-date information and strategies for utilizing the power of both intellectual property and the public domain. Emphasis is placed on advancing innovation in health and agriculture, though many of the principles outlined here are broadly applicable across technology fields. Eschewing ideological debates and general proclamations, the authors always keep their eye on the practical side of IP management. The site is based on a comprehensive Handbook and Executive Guide that provide substantive discussions and analysis of the opportunities awaiting anyone in the field who wants to put intellectual property to work. This multi-volume work contains 153 chapters on a full range of IP topics and over 50 case studies, composed by over 200 authors from North, South, East, and West. If you are a policymaker, a senior administrator, a technology transfer manager, or a scientist, we invite you to use the companion site guide available at http://www.iphandbook.org/index.html The site guide distills the key points of each IP topic covered by the Handbook into simple language and places it in the context of evolving best practices specific to your professional role within the overall picture of IP management