MIMO signal processing in offset-QAM based filter bank multicarrier systems

Next-generation communication systems have to comply with very strict requirements for increased flexibility in heterogeneous environments, high spectral efficiency, and agility of carrier aggregation. This fact motivates research in advanced multicarrier modulation (MCM) schemes, such as filter bank-based multicarrier (FBMC) modulation. This paper focuses on the offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM)-based FBMC variant, known as FBMC/OQAM, which presents outstanding spectral efficiency and confinement in a number of channels and applications. Its special nature, however, generates a number of new signal processing challenges that are not present in other MCM schemes, notably, in orthogonal-frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architectures, which are expected to play a primary role in future communication systems, these challenges are intensified, creating new interesting research problems and calling for new ideas and methods that are adapted to the particularities of the MIMO-FBMC/OQAM system. The goal of this paper is to focus on these signal processing problems and provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of the recent advances in this area. Open problems and associated directions for future research are also discussed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Bit-Error-Rate-Minimizing Channel Shortening Using Post-FEQ Diversity Combining and a Genetic Algorithm

In advanced wireline or wireless communication systems, i.e., DSL, IEEE 802.11a/g, HIPERLAN/2, etc., a cyclic prefix which is proportional to the channel impulse response is needed to append a multicarrier modulation (MCM) frame for operating the MCM accurately. This prefix is used to combat inter symbol interference (ISI). In some cases, the channel impulse response can be longer than the cyclic prefix (CP). One of the most useful techniques to mitigate this problem is reuse of a Channel Shortening Equalizer (CSE) as a linear preprocessor before the MCM receiver in order to shorten the effective channel length. Channel shortening filter design is a widely examined topic in the literature. Most channel shortening equalizer proposals depend on perfect channel state information (CSI). However, this information may not be available in all situations. In cases where channel state information is not needed, blind adaptive equalization techniques are appropriate. In wireline communication systems (such as DMT), the CSE design is based on maximizing the bit rate, but in wireless systems (OFDM), there is a fixed bit loading algorithm, and the performance metric is Bit Error Rate (BER) minimization. In this work, a CSE is developed for multicarrier and single-carrier cyclic prefixed (SCCP) systems which attempts to minimize the BER. To minimize the BER, a Genetic Algorithm (GA), which is an optimization method based on the principles of natural selection and genetics, is used. If the CSI is shorter than the CP, the equalization can be done by a frequency domain equalizer (FEQ), which is a bank of complex scalars. However, in the literature the adaptive FEQ design has not been well examined. The second phase of this thesis focuses on different types of algorithms for adapting the FEQ and modifying the FEQ architecture to obtain a lower BER. Simulation results show that this modified architecture yields a 20 dB improvement in BER

Applying Frequency-Domain Equalization to Code-Division Multiple Access and Transform-Domain Communications Systems

This research examined the theory and application of using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), or discrete multi-tone (DMT), frequency domain equalization (FEQ) with two communications systems that inherently possess unused carrier frequencies, or null-tones, in their respective transmission frequencies. The fundamental DMT-FEQ property relies on null-tones to equalize a non-ideal channel and mitigate the effects of interchannel interference (ICI), intersymbol interference (ISI), and noise. The two communications systems investigated were a Hadamard encoded code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system with up to 32 synchronous users and a transform domain communications system (TDCS) with only one user. Both communications systems were simulated while operating with real channel data corrupted by noise. Simulation results showed that the Hadamard encoded CDMA system worked well with DMT-FEQ only when the Hadamard code set was used to construct a transmission signal that obeyed DMT-FEQ null-tone conditions in conjunction with a vector estimation method. Simulation results also showed that a TDCS using traditional pseudo-random phase component, and traditional spectral mask with consecutive null-tones, did not work well with DMT-FEQ. Modifications to the TDCS model revealed that a TDCS with a conjugate-symmetric phase component in conjunction with a modified spectral mask with consecutive null-tones and forced null-tones provided acceptable results when equalizing with DMT-FEQ. The DMT-FEQ may be suitable for covert applications, such as TDCS, when modifications to TDCS’ phase component and forced null-tones in its spectral mask are made

A blind channel shortening for multiuser, multicarrier CDMA system over multipath fading channel

In this paper we derive the Multicarrier Equalization by Restoration of Redundancy (MERRY) algorithm: A blind, adaptive channel shortening algorithm for updating a Time-domain Equalizer (TEQ) in a system employing MultiCarrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) modulation. We show that the MERRY algorithm applied to the MC-CDMA system converges considerably more rapidly than in the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system [1]. Simulations results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationThe demand for high speed communication has been increasing in the past two decades. Multicarrier communication technology has been suggested to address this demand. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is the most widely used multicarrier technique. However, OFDM has a number of disadvantages in time-varying channels, multiple access, and cognitive radios. On the other hand, filterbank multicarrier (FBMC) communication has been suggested as an alternative to OFDM that can overcome the disadvantages of OFDM. In this dissertation, we investigate the application of filtered multitone (FMT), a subset of FBMC modulation methods, to slow fading and fast fading channels. We investigate the FMT transmitter and receiver in continuous and discrete time domains. An efficient implementation of FMT systems is derived and the conditions for perfect reconstruction in an FBMC communication system are presented. We derive equations for FMT in slow fading channels that allow evaluation of FMT when applied to mobile wireless communication systems. We consider using fractionally spaced per tone channel equalizers with different number of taps. The numerical results are presented to investigate the performance of these equalizers. The numerical results show that single-tap equalizers suffice for typical wireless channels. The equalizer design study is advanced by introducing adaptive equalizers which use channel estimation. We derive equations for a minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimator and improve the channel estimation by considering the finite duration of channel impulse response. The results of optimum equalizers (when channel is known perfectly) are compared with those of the adaptive equalizers, and it is found that a loss of 1 dB or less incurs. We also introduce a new form of FMT which is specially designed to handle doubly dispersive channels. This method is called FMT-dd (FMT for doubly dispersive channels). The proposed FMT-dd is applied to two common methods of data symbol orientation in the time-frequency space grid; namely, rectangular and hexagonal lattices. The performance of these methods along with OFDM and the conventional FMT are compared and a significant improvement in performance is observed. The FMT-dd design is applied to real-world underwater acoustic (UWA) communication channels. The experimental results from an at-sea experiment (ACOMM10) show that this new design provides a significant gain over OFDM. The feasibility of implementing a MIMO system for multicarrier UWA communication channels is studied through computer simulations. Our study emphasizes the bandwidth efficiency of multicarrier MIMO communications .We show that the value of MIMO to UWA communication is very limited

Transmitter precoding and code-sharing techniques using block transmission system [TK1-9971].

Dewasa ini, perkhidmatan komunikasi bergerak telah meledak dengan begitu pantas sekali dalam masyarakat kita. Kesemua sistem komunikasi selular yang ada kini menggunakan teknologi digital. Recently, mobile communications services are penetrating into our society at an explosive growth rate. All of the current cellular communication systems have adopted digital technology