Blind Source Separation Using Two-Dimensional Nonnegative Matrix Factorization In Biomedical Field

Blind Source Separation (BSS) refers to the statistical technique of separating a mixture of underlying source signals.BSS denotes as a phenomena and separation on mixed heart-lung sound is one of its example.The challenge of this research is to separate the separate lung sound and heart sound from mixed heart-lung sound.A clear lung sound for diagnosis purpose able to be obtained after separating the mixed heart-lung sound.In biomedical field,lung information is precious due to it has been provided for respiratory diagnosis.However,the interference of heart sound towards lung sound will generate ambiguity and it will lead to drop down the accuracy of diagnosis.Thus,a clean lung sound is needed to increases the accuracy of diagnosis.One of the ways for non-invasive respiratory diagnosis for obtaining lung information is through extracting lung sound from mixed heart-lung sound by using Two-Dimensional Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF2D) algorithm.This method is based on cocktail party effect in which it refers to human brain able to selectively listen to target among a cacophony of conversations and background noise and this considered as a difficult task to machine.Therefore, duplication on cocktail party effect into machine is used to separate the mixed heart-lung sound.This research presents a novel approach NMF2D algorithm in which a suitable model for signal mixture that accommodated the reverberations and nonlinearity of the signals.The objectives of this research are focusing on investigating the useful signal analysis algorithms,defining a new technique of signal separability,designing and developing novel methods for BSS. In order to process estimation results,cost function such as β-divergence and α-divergence is integrated with NMF2D.Provisions of experiment are convolutive mixed signal is sampled and real recording using under single channel,Time-Frequency (TF) domain is computed by using Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) respectively.Performance evaluation is done in term of Signal-to-Distortion Ratio (SDR). Theoretically,β and α is parameters that used to vary the NMF2D algorithm in order to yield high SDR value. Experimentally,for the simulation results,the highest SDR value for β-divergence NMF2D is SDR = 16.69dB at β = 0.8 and n = 100.For α-divergence NMF2D,the highest SDR value is SDR = 17.85dB at α = 1.5 and n = 100.Additional of sparseness constraints toward β-divergence NMF2D and α-divergence NMF2D lead to even higher SDR value.There are SDR = 17.06dB for sparse β-divergence NMF2D at λ = 2.5 and SDR = 17.99dB for sparse α-divergence NMF2D at λ = 5. This represents sparseness constraints yield to decrease ambiguity and provide uniqueness to the model.In comparison in between β-divergence,α-divergence,sparse β-divergence and sparse α-divergence NMF2D,it found that SDR value of sparse α-divergence NMF2D is the best decomposition method among all divergences.This can be concluded that sparse α-divergence NMF2D is more applicable in separating real data recording

MISSED: an environment for mixed-signal microsystem testing and diagnosis

A tight link between design and test data is proposed for speeding up test-pattern generation and diagnosis during mixed-signal prototype verification. Test requirements are already incorporated at the behavioral level and specified with increased detail at lower hierarchical levels. A strict distinction between generic routines and implementation data makes reuse of software possible. A testability-analysis tool and test and DFT libraries support the designer to guarantee testability. Hierarchical backtrace procedures in combination with an expert system and fault libraries assist the designer during mixed-signal chip debuggin

Real-Time Fault Detection and Diagnosis System for Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits of Acousto-Magnetic EAS Devices

© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.The paper discusses fault diagnosis of the electronic circuit board, part of acousto-magnetic electronic article surveillance detection devices. The aim is that the end-user can run the fault diagnosis in real time using a portable FPGA-based platform so as to gain insight into the failures that have occurred.Peer reviewe

Time-efficient fault detection and diagnosis system for analog circuits

Time-efficient fault analysis and diagnosis of analog circuits are the most important prerequisites to achieve online health monitoring of electronic equipments, which are involving continuing challenges of ultra-large-scale integration, component tolerance, limited test points but multiple faults. This work reports an FPGA (field programmable gate array)-based analog fault diagnostic system by applying two-dimensional information fusion, two-port network analysis and interval math theory. The proposed system has three advantages over traditional ones. First, it possesses high processing speed and smart circuit size as the embedded algorithms execute parallel on FPGA. Second, the hardware structure has a good compatibility with other diagnostic algorithms. Third, the equipped Ethernet interface enhances its flexibility for remote monitoring and controlling. The experimental results obtained from two realistic example circuits indicate that the proposed methodology had yielded competitive performance in both diagnosis accuracy and time-effectiveness, with about 96% accuracy while within 60 ms computational time.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

A review of physics-based models in prognostics: application to gears and bearings of rotating machinery

Health condition monitoring for rotating machinery has been developed for many years due to its potential to reduce the cost of the maintenance operations and increase availability. Covering aspects include sensors, signal processing, health assessment and decision-making. This article focuses on prognostics based on physics-based models. While the majority of the research in health condition monitoring focuses on data-driven techniques, physics-based techniques are particularly important if accuracy is a critical factor and testing is restricted. Moreover, the benefits of both approaches can be combined when data-driven and physics-based techniques are integrated. This article reviews the concept of physics-based models for prognostics. An overview of common failure modes of rotating machinery is provided along with the most relevant degradation mechanisms. The models available to represent these degradation mechanisms and their application for prognostics are discussed. Models that have not been applied to health condition monitoring, for example, wear due to metal–metal contact in hydrodynamic bearings, are also included due to its potential for health condition monitoring. The main contribution of this article is the identification of potential physics-based models for prognostics in rotating machinery

Diagnosis and Repair for Synthesis from Signal Temporal Logic Specifications

We address the problem of diagnosing and repairing specifications for hybrid systems formalized in signal temporal logic (STL). Our focus is on the setting of automatic synthesis of controllers in a model predictive control (MPC) framework. We build on recent approaches that reduce the controller synthesis problem to solving one or more mixed integer linear programs (MILPs), where infeasibility of a MILP usually indicates unrealizability of the controller synthesis problem. Given an infeasible STL synthesis problem, we present algorithms that provide feedback on the reasons for unrealizability, and suggestions for making it realizable. Our algorithms are sound and complete, i.e., they provide a correct diagnosis, and always terminate with a non-trivial specification that is feasible using the chosen synthesis method, when such a solution exists. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the synthesis of controllers for various cyber-physical systems, including an autonomous driving application and an aircraft electric power system

Generative Adversarial Networks Selection Approach for Extremely Imbalanced Fault Diagnosis of Reciprocating Machinery

At present, countless approaches to fault diagnosis in reciprocating machines have been proposed, all considering that the available machinery dataset is in equal proportions for all conditions. However, when the application is closer to reality, the problem of data imbalance is increasingly evident. In this paper, we propose a method for the creation of diagnoses that consider an extreme imbalance in the available data. Our approach first processes the vibration signals of the machine using a wavelet packet transform-based feature-extraction stage. Then, improved generative models are obtained with a dissimilarity-based model selection to artificially balance the dataset. Finally, a Random Forest classifier is created to address the diagnostic task. This methodology provides a considerable improvement with 99% of data imbalance over other approaches reported in the literature, showing performance similar to that obtained with a balanced set of data.National Natural Science Foundation of China, under Grant 51605406National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 7180104

Oscillation-based DFT for Second-order Bandpass OTA-C Filters

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version. Under embargo until 6 September 2018. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-017-0648-9.This paper describes a design for testability technique for second-order bandpass operational transconductance amplifier and capacitor filters using an oscillation-based test topology. The oscillation-based test structure is a vectorless output test strategy easily extendable to built-in self-test. The proposed methodology converts filter under test into a quadrature oscillator using very simple techniques and measures the output frequency. Using feedback loops with nonlinear block, the filter-to-oscillator conversion techniques easily convert the bandpass OTA-C filter into an oscillator. With a minimum number of extra components, the proposed scheme requires a negligible area overhead. The validity of the proposed method has been verified using comparison between faulty and fault-free simulation results of Tow-Thomas and KHN OTA-C filters. Simulation results in 0.25μm CMOS technology show that the proposed oscillation-based test strategy for OTA-C filters is suitable for catastrophic and parametric faults testing and also effective in detecting single and multiple faults with high fault coverage.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio