Adaptability Checking in Multi-Level Complex Systems

A hierarchical model for multi-level adaptive systems is built on two basic levels: a lower behavioural level B accounting for the actual behaviour of the system and an upper structural level S describing the adaptation dynamics of the system. The behavioural level is modelled as a state machine and the structural level as a higher-order system whose states have associated logical formulas (constraints) over observables of the behavioural level. S is used to capture the global and stable features of B, by a defining set of allowed behaviours. The adaptation semantics is such that the upper S level imposes constraints on the lower B level, which has to adapt whenever it no longer can satisfy them. In this context, we introduce weak and strong adaptabil- ity, i.e. the ability of a system to adapt for some evolution paths or for all possible evolutions, respectively. We provide a relational characterisation for these two notions and we show that adaptability checking, i.e. deciding if a system is weak or strong adaptable, can be reduced to a CTL model checking problem. We apply the model and the theoretical results to the case study of motion control of autonomous transport vehicles.Comment: 57 page, 10 figures, research papaer, submitte

The Consistency of Relational Database and Object-Relational Database in GIS Applications

This final year project involves a research and a simple Geographical Information System (GIS) application that will show GIS, spatial data, spatial database management, which focused on relational and object-relational database management system. The main objectives of this project is to study and gain deeper understanding on the implementation of the two types of databases in GIS applications, to compare the level of performance between the databases in a GIS application and to determine the most suggested database to be implemented in a GIS application. The scope of the study will focus on integrating a GIS application that implements Malacca spatial database with two different database management system, namely relational database and objectrelational database system. The performance of each database system will be identified and compared. Rapid Development environment methodology will be utilized in the research on the performance of relational and object-relational databases in GIS applications and also in the development of an application that will implement the database with GIS applications. This methodology basically involved overlapping Planning, Analysis, Design and Implementation phases. Database development design process involved conceptual, logical and physical design stages. This report also includes discussions on the consistency of relational database as well as of the objectrelational database in GIS applications. This report suggests GIS application developer to choose object-relational database in order to manage both spatial and attributes data for the applications efficiently. Furthermore, the result from the object-relational database will be more consistent and reliable compared to a relational database and the performance is better. Recommendations for continuing this project are to compare and determine the level of consistency between relational database and object-relational database in World Wide Web environment or with multi-user accessing the database concurrently in order to study on the effects to the level of consistency and also to develop a map query interface

A framework for multi-tier type evolution and data migration

This paper describes a framework that supports the simultaneous evolution of objectoriented data models and relational schemas with respect to a tool- supported object-relational mapping. Thereby the proposed framework accounts for non-trivial data migration induced by type evolution from the outset. The support for data migration is offered on the level of transparent data access. The framework consists of the following integrated parts: an automatic model change detection mechanism, a generator for schema evolution code and a generator for data migration APIs. The framework has been concepted in the IMIS project. IMIS is an information system for environmental radioactivity measurements. Though the indicated domain especially demands a solution like the one discussed in the paper, the achievements are of general purpose for multi-tier system architectures with object-relational mapping

Implementing Belief-Consistent Multilevel Secure Relational Data Model: Issues and Solutions

This paper summarizes our efforts in implementing a working multi-level secure database prototype. We have chosen Belief-Consistent Multilevel Secure Relational Data Model (BCMLS) as a basis for our prototype because of its comprehensive semantics for interpreting all stored information. While semantically superior to other models, this model has not been implemented as a working system before. Our prototype, which was created on an Informix database server with a PHP web client, enables insertion, deletion and update of multi-level data while addressing the underlying model complexities through a number of original solutions

KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MAHASISWA PGSD PADA SISTEM PERTIDAKSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABLE BERDASARKAN TAKSONOMI SOLO

Problem solving is one of the objectives of learning mathematics. Not only for school students but also college student, especially PGSD students. The level of students' ability to solve problems can be seen using SOLO taxonomy. Using the SOLO taxonomy, the quality of students' answers to a problem can be analyzed based on the complexity of understanding. SOLO's taxonomy consists of 5 levels, namely (1) Pre-Structural Level, (2) Uni-Structural Level, (3) Multi-Structural Level, (4) Relational Level, (5) Expanded Abstract Level. This study uses qualitative research that describes the ability to solve the problem solving linear inequality system of two variables in PGSD students using SOLO taxonomy. The results of this study indicate that the ability of PGSD students to solve problem solving problems varies. From the five SOLO taxonomic levels, there are PGSD students who meet levels 2 to 5, namely the Uni-Structural Level, Multi-Structural Level, Relational Level, Expanded Abstract Level. There are no students who meet level 1 in the SOLO taxonomy namely Pre-Structural Level

Strong types for relational databases: functional pearl

Haskell's type system with multi-parameter constructor classes and functional dependencies allows static (compile-time) computations to be expressed by logic programming on the level of types. This emergent capability has been exploited for instance to model arbitrary-length tuples (heterogeneous lists), extensible records, functions with variable length argument lists, and (homogenous) lists of statically fixed length (vectors).We explain how type-level programming can be exploited to define a strongly-typed model of relational databases and operations on them. In particular, we present a strongly typed embedding of a significant subset of SQL in Haskell. In this model, meta-data is represented by type-level entities that guard the semantic correctness of database operations at compile time.Apart from the standard relational database operations, such as selection and join, we model functional dependencies (among table attributes), normal forms, and operations for database transformation. We show how functional dependency information can be represented at the type level, and can be transported through operations. This means that type inference statically computes functional dependencies on the result from those on the arguments.Our model shows that Haskell can be used to design and prototype typed languages for designing, programming, and transforming relational databasesFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - POSI/ICHS/44304/2002; SFRH/BPD/11609/2002

Social Capital and User Acceptance of Enterprise System: Mediating Role of Local Management Commitment

This study builds a multi-level research model to investigate how social capital between business units and the headquarters in large-scale organizations influences individual user acceptance of enterprise systems. Drawing on social capital theory and the human agency theory, this study argues that local management of business units plays the role of interpreting signals and messages from the headquarters, such that it can mediate the effect of social capital (which is composed of structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions) on symbolic adoption of the enterprise technology. To test the research hypotheses, a field study is conducted on 222 users of an enterprise system in 29 business units of a major financial institution in China. The results indicate that the effects of relational capital and cognitive capital on user acceptance are mediated by user perception of local management commitment; and relational capital and cognitive capital mediate the effect of structural capital on user perception of local management commitment. Limitations, theoretical implications are discussed, and practical guidance is suggested

A DSL for EER Data Model Specification

In this paper we present a domain specific language (DSL) for Extended Entity-Relationship (EER) data model approach, named EERDSL. EERDSL is a part of our Multi-Paradigm Information System Modeling Tool (MIST) that provides EER database schema specification at the conceptual level and its transformation into a relational data model, or a class model. EERDSL modeling concepts are specified by Ecore, one of the commonly used approaches to create meta-models. In the paper we present both textual and graphical notations of EERDSL. Since only few modeling constraints may be described at the level of abstract syntax, we use Object Constraint Language (OCL) to specify complex validation rules for EER models