Design of monopole plasma antenna using fluorescent tube for wireless transmission applications / Hanisah Mohd Zali

This thesis explains on the design of monopole plasma antenna using fluorescent tube and reviews the antenna performances in wireless transmission experiments. In this project a commercially available fluorescent tube is used as antenna. The gas inside the fluorescent tube is a mixture of argon and mercury vapor. When the gas is sufficiently ionized into plasma state, it becomes conductive and allows radio frequency signal to be transmitted and received. Based on this concept, the fluorescent lamp was proposed to become as monopole plasma antenna due to the commercial product. This study includes three antenna designs which are antenna Design 1, antenna Design 2 and antenna Design 3. Antenna Design 1 was developed using single fluorescent tube to operate at 4.3 GHz frequency band. This antenna has good performances which achieved Sn<-10 dB from 4.0 GHz to 4.6 GHz frequency band. The resonate frequency of Sn = -18.1 dB and achieved omnidirectional radiation pattern with simulated gain = 2.24 dB. The performance of gain and directivity of monopole plasma antenna Design 1 has been enhanced by adding a cylindrical parabolic reflector at the back side of focusing signal which has been proposed in antenna Design 2. The antenna Design 2 achieved Sn<-10dB from 4.1 GHz to 4.7 Ghz frequency band and resonated at -38 dB. The antenna showed the directional radiation pattern result and enhancement of gain which is 7.283 dB. Antenna 1 and 2 are designed for radio altimeter device which is a part of radar in navigational applications. Monopole plasma antenna Design 3 is developed to operate at 2.4 GHz frequency band which is suitable for Wi-Fi applications. This antenna was integrated with Access Point router installed inside the casing of the antenna. Therefore, this complete set of plasma antenna was upgraded to Wi-Fi system. The antenna Design 3 achieved Sn<-10 dB 2.23 dB to 2.58 dB frequency band. The results was resonate at - 22.5 dB and showed the omnidirectional radiation pattern with gain = 1.948 dB. Overall, the 3 antenna designs were successfully showed good results and can be implemented in wireless transmission applications

Development of a Novel Microwave Sensing System for Lab on a Chip Applications

Microwave technology presents tremendous potential as a remote-sensing technology for a wide range of applications spanning from life science research to food industries, pharmaceutical research, and new material discoveries. Integration of microwave sensing with microfluidics for sample processing makes it an ideal choice for point of care applications highly demanded in resourcelimited areas. The vast majority of the existing microwave sensors are manufactured using sophisticated soft lithography technology which has largely limited its development and applications. There is a large demand for developing new fabrication approaches for the feasibility of mass production at a reasonable cost. In this thesis, a new, yet simple method is developed to fabricate split ring resonator (SRR) based microwave sensors. A simple RLC model is used to characterize the resonant frequency of the SRR, and the equations for calculating the RLC’s resonant frequency is modified to predict the SRR’s resonant frequency base on its geometry. The design is also validated by comparing the simulation results obtained using the commercial software HFSS, and measurements from a real SRR developed sensor. The double ring structure was fabricated onto a printed circuit board by using the industrial photolithograph method. Coating with PDMS and epoxy layer as the passivation layer was tested and compared. Two testing approaches using the SRR sensor developed in this thesis are implemented in this thesis. Their performance for real-time sensing is characterized by applying it to differentiate chemical diary samples and other chemical solutions. In the dipping mode, the sensor is dipped in the material under test (MUT), and in the microfluidic channel mode, the sensor is integrated with a microchannel. The MUT is characterized by analyzing the spectrum data of the reflection coefficient as the function of frequencies. Experimental results indicate that this sensor is capable of differentiating various liquid samples such as DI water, ethanol, isopropanol, oil and salt solutions. Linear relationships between the resonant frequency and the concentrations of chemical composites are also observed in ethanol solutions (0-90%), and salt solutions (NaCl). This sensor is also used to differentiate various milk samples and milk dilutions and it is capable of distinguishing milks with different fat percentages and protein contents. A fully customized vector network analyzer (VNA) is also developed. The circuit structure is designed by referring the existing customized VNAs that were implemented in previous work by iv other lab colleagues. Modifications are made including replacement of the microwave source, using Arduino platform to perform controlling and data acquisition, addition of a harmonic filtering device, and development of a calibration algorithm. The device is validated by comparing its measuring result with a commercial VNA. The customized VNA is able to output a similar spectrum pattern as the commercial VNA, but with slightly shift of the peak frequency

Low-investment EMI pre-compliance for COTS technology insertion into submarine combat systems

A modern submarine’s combat system is largely dependent on commercial off the shelf (COTS) computer technology as a means of cheaply adopting the latest, high-performance, commercially developed and qualified systems to maintain capability. COTS technology is not normally designed for military use, nor is it necessarily compliant to military standards for electromagnetic interference (EMI), such as MIL-STD-461G. A gap analysis, based on a comparison of commercial and military EMI standards, showed that there is no guarantee of COTS EMI compliance to this military standard. Formal compliance testing at a certified test house is almost prohibitively expensive for purposes of early experimentation and component evaluation. This is due to the highly controlled, calibrated and specialist nature of such facilities. Because of this, they are normally only used for final compliance testing prior to acceptance of new designs into service. In order to reduce the risk of a compliance failure, pre-compliance testing should take place prior to and even during system design. Evidently, a need exists for a low-investment and practical test protocol to verify the EMI performance of such COTS equipment against the applicable military EMI standards. Background research was undertaken into the historical development of current commercial and military EMI standards, the trend and motivation for the use of COTS in the defence environment, as well as the mechanisms and theory of EMI design as applied to the submarine. This research was critical in the development of a gap analysis procedure as well as the development of low-cost and practical alternatives to formal EMI testing with simplified tests as pre-compliance test protocols

Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995)

The files on this record represent the various databases that originally composed the CD-ROM issue of "Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding" database, which is now part of the Dudley Knox Library's Abstracts and Selected Full Text Documents on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995) Collection. (See Calhoun record https://calhoun.nps.edu/handle/10945/57364 for further information on this collection and the bibliography). Due to issues of technological obsolescence preventing current and future audiences from accessing the bibliography, DKL exported and converted into the three files on this record the various databases contained in the CD-ROM. The contents of these files are: 1) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_xls.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.xls: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format; RDFA_Glossary.xls: Glossary of terms, in Excel 97-2003 Workbookformat; RDFA_Biographies.xls: Biographies of leading figures, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format]; 2) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_csv.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.TXT: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in CSV format; RDFA_Glossary.TXT: Glossary of terms, in CSV format; RDFA_Biographies.TXT: Biographies of leading figures, in CSV format]; 3) RDFA_CompleteBibliography.pdf: A human readable display of the bibliographic data, as a means of double-checking any possible deviations due to conversion

Cumulative index to NASA Tech Briefs, 1970-1975

Tech briefs of technology derived from the research and development activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration are presented. Abstracts and indexes of subject, personal author, originating center, and tech brief number for the 1970-1975 tech briefs are presented

Performance Analysis For Wireless G (IEEE 802.11 G) And Wireless N (IEEE 802.11 N) In Outdoor Environment

This paper described an analysis the different capabilities and limitation of both IEEE technologies that has been utilized for data transmission directed to mobile device. In this work, we have compared an IEEE 802.11/g/n outdoor environment to know what technology is better. the comparison consider on coverage area (mobility), through put and measuring the interferences. The work presented here is to help the researchers to select the best technology depending of their deploying case, and investigate the best variant for outdoor. The tool used is Iperf software which is to measure the data transmission performance of IEEE 802.11n and IEEE 802.11g

Performance analysis for wireless G (IEEE 802.11G) and wireless N (IEEE 802.11N) in outdoor environment

This paper described an analysis the different capabilities and limitation of both IEEE technologies that has been utilized for data transmission directed to mobile device. In this work, we have compared an IEEE 802.11/g/n outdoor environment to know what technology is better. The comparison consider on coverage area (mobility), throughput and measuring the interferences. The work presented here is to help the researchers to select the best technology depending of their deploying case, and investigate the best variant for outdoor. The tool used is Iperf software which is to measure the data transmission performance of IEEE 802.11n and IEEE 802.11g

INTER-ENG 2020

These proceedings contain research papers that were accepted for presentation at the 14th International Conference Inter-Eng 2020 ,Interdisciplinarity in Engineering, which was held on 8–9 October 2020, in Târgu Mureș, Romania. It is a leading international professional and scientific forum for engineers and scientists to present research works, contributions, and recent developments, as well as current practices in engineering, which is falling into a tradition of important scientific events occurring at Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology in the George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, Romania. The Inter-Eng conference started from the observation that in the 21st century, the era of high technology, without new approaches in research, we cannot speak of a harmonious society. The theme of the conference, proposing a new approach related to Industry 4.0, was the development of a new generation of smart factories based on the manufacturing and assembly process digitalization, related to advanced manufacturing technology, lean manufacturing, sustainable manufacturing, additive manufacturing, and manufacturing tools and equipment. The conference slogan was “Europe’s future is digital: a broad vision of the Industry 4.0 concept beyond direct manufacturing in the company”