225,606 research outputs found
Principal Patterns on Graphs: Discovering Coherent Structures in Datasets
Graphs are now ubiquitous in almost every field of research. Recently, new
research areas devoted to the analysis of graphs and data associated to their
vertices have emerged. Focusing on dynamical processes, we propose a fast,
robust and scalable framework for retrieving and analyzing recurring patterns
of activity on graphs. Our method relies on a novel type of multilayer graph
that encodes the spreading or propagation of events between successive time
steps. We demonstrate the versatility of our method by applying it on three
different real-world examples. Firstly, we study how rumor spreads on a social
network. Secondly, we reveal congestion patterns of pedestrians in a train
station. Finally, we show how patterns of audio playlists can be used in a
recommender system. In each example, relevant information previously hidden in
the data is extracted in a very efficient manner, emphasizing the scalability
of our method. With a parallel implementation scaling linearly with the size of
the dataset, our framework easily handles millions of nodes on a single
commodity server
Communities, Knowledge Creation, and Information Diffusion
In this paper, we examine how patterns of scientific collaboration contribute
to knowledge creation. Recent studies have shown that scientists can benefit
from their position within collaborative networks by being able to receive more
information of better quality in a timely fashion, and by presiding over
communication between collaborators. Here we focus on the tendency of
scientists to cluster into tightly-knit communities, and discuss the
implications of this tendency for scientific performance. We begin by reviewing
a new method for finding communities, and we then assess its benefits in terms
of computation time and accuracy. While communities often serve as a taxonomic
scheme to map knowledge domains, they also affect how successfully scientists
engage in the creation of new knowledge. By drawing on the longstanding debate
on the relative benefits of social cohesion and brokerage, we discuss the
conditions that facilitate collaborations among scientists within or across
communities. We show that successful scientific production occurs within
communities when scientists have cohesive collaborations with others from the
same knowledge domain, and across communities when scientists intermediate
among otherwise disconnected collaborators from different knowledge domains. We
also discuss the implications of communities for information diffusion, and
show how traditional epidemiological approaches need to be refined to take
knowledge heterogeneity into account and preserve the system's ability to
promote creative processes of novel recombinations of idea
Organizing Knowledge in Implementation of Knowledge Management as Strategy for Competitive Bussiness at PT Telkom
This study is entitled Organizing Knowledge in Implementation of Knowledge Management. The research was conducted in bussines organization. The research objectives are to find out new concept in coverage of knowledge by knowledge management implementation at Telkom organizing explicit knowledge ; to analysis personal characteristic knowledge manager. This research use by qualitative methode with case study approach at Telkom Japati 1st street Bandung. Technique of gathering data uses observation, archived record, interview, documentation dan physical ware. From the results of studies that have been done, so the conclusion can be drawn as follows: Knowledge management which is done by making taxonomy based processes and business operations is called as knowledge centers that are stored on the intranet while competency-based stream called virtual competency center. Organizing knowledge in virtual storage by creating taxonomy of knowledge toward process and operating bussines, tree types of knowledge are:Structure knowledge: unstructure knowledge and less structure knowledge. For other media are managed by a special unit that is the library. The technology media support information and communications intended to improve information transfer and sharing of knowledge organization as a whole through cooperation and communication between individuals. Recomendation: It is better to make guidelines of writing articles on KM Tool, in order to avoid a flood of information that is not need. For example the text have been made by others. .It is better also to make the theme of writing, so that the contributors will more focus in creating the knowledge. Therefore, it will give deep exploration a theme. Form of virtual communication in KM should also explore the tacit knowledge. It is appropriate if the contributors are also allowed to create works that are audio-visual format. For example how to use technology in the 3.5 G DAT file format, or how to assemble the satellite Telkom2.
Keyword: Business communication; Knowledge management; Organizational Communication; Organizing knowledge; Knowledge strorag
The Impact of User Interface Design on Idea Integration in Electronic Brainstorming: An Attention-Based View
This paper introduces an attention-based view of idea integration that underscores the importance of IS user interface design. The assumption is that presenting ideas via user interface plays a key role in enabling and motivating idea integration in electronic brainstorming (EBS), and thus advances productivity. Building upon Cognitive Network Model of Creativity and ability-motivation framework, our attention-based theory focuses on two major attributes of user interface: visibility and prioritization. While visibility enables idea integration via directing attention to a limited set of ideas, prioritization enhances the motivation for idea integration by providing individuals with a relevant and legitimate proxy for value of the shared ideas. The theory developed in this paper is distinct from previous research on EBS in at least two ways: (1) this theory exclusively focuses on idea integration as the desired outcome and studies it in the context of IS user interface; and (2) rather than debating whether or not EBS universally outperforms verbal brainstorming, the proposed theory revisits the links between user interface and idea integration as an attention-intensive process that contributes to EBS productivity. Idea integration by individuals within a group is an essential process for organizational creativity and thus for establishing knowledge-based capabilities. Lack of such integration significantly reduces the value of idea sharing, which has been a predominant focus of the EBS literature in the past. The current theory posits that the ability of electronic brain-storming to outperform nominal or verbal brainstorming depends on its ability to leverage information system (IS) artifact capabilities for enhancing idea integration to create a key pattern of productivity. The developed theory provides a foundation for new approaches to EBS research and design, which use visibility and prioritization, and also identify new user interface features for fostering idea integration. By emphasizing idea integration, designers and managers are provided with practical, cognition-based criteria for choosing interface features, which can improve EBS productivity. This theory also has implications for both the practice and research of knowledge management, especially for the attention-based view of the organization.
Tunable and Growing Network Generation Model with Community Structures
Recent years have seen a growing interest in the modeling and simulation of
social networks to understand several social phenomena. Two important classes
of networks, small world and scale free networks have gained a lot of research
interest. Another important characteristic of social networks is the presence
of community structures. Many social processes such as information diffusion
and disease epidemics depend on the presence of community structures making it
an important property for network generation models to be incorporated. In this
paper, we present a tunable and growing network generation model with small
world and scale free properties as well as the presence of community
structures. The major contribution of this model is that the communities thus
created satisfy three important structural properties: connectivity within each
community follows power-law, communities have high clustering coefficient and
hierarchical community structures are present in the networks generated using
the proposed model. Furthermore, the model is highly robust and capable of
producing networks with a number of different topological characteristics
varying clustering coefficient and inter-cluster edges. Our simulation results
show that the model produces small world and scale free networks along with the
presence of communities depicting real world societies and social networks.Comment: Social Computing and Its Applications, SCA 13, Karlsruhe : Germany
(2013
Complex networks as an emerging property of hierarchical preferential attachment
Real complex systems are not rigidly structured; no clear rules or blueprints
exist for their construction. Yet, amidst their apparent randomness, complex
structural properties universally emerge. We propose that an important class of
complex systems can be modeled as an organization of many embedded levels
(potentially infinite in number), all of them following the same universal
growth principle known as preferential attachment. We give examples of such
hierarchy in real systems, for instance in the pyramid of production entities
of the film industry. More importantly, we show how real complex networks can
be interpreted as a projection of our model, from which their scale
independence, their clustering, their hierarchy, their fractality and their
navigability naturally emerge. Our results suggest that complex networks,
viewed as growing systems, can be quite simple, and that the apparent
complexity of their structure is largely a reflection of their unobserved
hierarchical nature.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
On Positional Consumption and Technological Innovation- an Agent-based Approach
Positional behavior is a source of externalities and sets limits to wellbeing. Remedies against this market failure are defended by some authors and rejected by others, while the core of the discussion rests on the benefits and costs of applying economic instruments. One of the issues discussed is the role that the competition for positional goods may have in generating technological innovation. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of this process by analyzing an agent-based model. We observe a plausible structure of the dynamics behind the process of generation of technological innovation by positional consumption and obtain results on the influence of some key factors on the pace of innovation, particularly those of income inequality, the Hirsch conjecture of relative increase of positional consumption with affluence, and consumer network and social neighborhood sizes.Positional consumption, innovation, agent-based models, Robert Frank
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