2,962 research outputs found

    An Intelligent Healthcare system for detecting diabetes using machine learning algorithms

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    The human disease prediction is specifically a struggling piece of work for an accurate and on time treatment. Around the world, diabetes is a hazardous disease. It affects the various essential organs of the human body, for example, nerves, retinas, and eventually heart. By using models of machine learning algorithms, we can recommend and predict diabetes on various healthcare datasets more accurately with the assistance of an intelligent healthcare recommendation system. Not long ago, for the prediction of diabetes, numerous models and methods of machine learning have been introduced. But despite that, enormous multi-featured healthcare datasets cannot be handled by those systems appropriately. By using Machine Learning, an intelligent healthcare recommendation system is introduced for the prediction of diabetes. Ultimately, the model of machine learning is trained to predict this disease along with K-Fold Cross validation testing.  The evaluation of this intelligent and smart recommendation system is depending on datasets of diabetes and its execution is differentiated from the latest development of previous literatures. Our system accomplished 99.0% of efficiency with the shortest time of 12 Milliseconds, which is highly analyzed by the previous existing models of machine learning. Consequently, this recommendation system is superior for the prediction of diabetes than the previous ones. This system enhances the performance of automatic diagnosis of this disease. Code is available at (https://github.com/RaoHassanKaleem/Diebetes-Detection-using-Machine-Learning-Algorithms). &nbsp

    INDEPENDENT HEROES: Supporting Type 1 Diabetic Young Adults’ Transition to Independent Living

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    This Master of Design Thesis project focuses on the condition of severe hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) in young adults living with type 1 diabetes by carefully understanding the unique challenges they face in transitioning to adult care. This research surfaces the needs that often get blurred in the transition process and offers a design for an appropriate solution to support the identified issues. Canadian young adults living with type 1 diabetes often find themselves at the risk of hypoglycemia during emerging adulthood. The concept of emerging adulthood has not been considered extensively in managing chronic illness and transition from pediatric to adult care. Yet, this is a critical time when a person may first assume full responsibility for their diabetes self-care while simultaneously facing all the usual challenges young adults face. Additionally, the fear of hypoglycemia is strongest in this group. A review of the literature informs us about previous work done in this field. However, most current interventions are in the form of bulky printed materials. Another critical issue with the development of most recent tools is the absence of user involvement in the creative process leading to unmet user needs. In this project, participatory design methodologies were introduced in a human-centered approach, collaborating with young adults to understand and address the transition process gap. It included actively listening to user narratives and co-creating the solution. The synthesis of primary and secondary research resulted in the designed outcome of a smart wearable device that will work in conjunction with the Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and alerts the bystander and emergency contacts by turning them into potential lifesavers. It will inform them of a diabetic emergency and guide them through the life-saving instructions. Additionally, it will alert the medical emergency services for prompt assistance if needed. The solution attempts to provide early intervention during emergency and could also alleviate the fear of hypoglycemia in young adults. This in turn will reduce the load on the already burdened healthcare system

    Psychiatric Case Record

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    Bipolar Disorder-Mania: Patient was apparently normal one-month back, Then all of a sudden he developed sleep disturbances –mainly difficult in initiation of sleep. He also started abusing his family members for unwanted things. Subsequently, he started talking excessively and irritable. Sometimes he sings film songs and dances. He used to say that God Supreme exists in himself and so he has all the powers of Almighty. With that superior power he says that he can solve all the problems in this world. He also says that he has invented herbs to keep people young. For the past one week, he talks excessively without having an hour of sleep & wanders here and there & found excessively smoking. He becomes excessively spiritual and goes to near by villages for offering prayers to God. He takes only a little food everyday and he is very much keen in personal cleanliness. Paranoid Schizophrenia: She was apparently normal 8 months back, then she developed sleep disturbances in the form of difficult in falling asleep. She was found talking & smiling to herself at night & day with mirror gazing. She started saying that her neighbour & relatives are planning to kill herself by poisoning. In this context she had frequent quarrels with them and she refused to take food prepared by her mother in law. She left the home at night without informing any one and started wandering in the road side near her home. She was complaining that she hears voices as if her neighbour & relatives were talking about her among themselves She was not doing house hold activities for past 6 months and she was not taking care of her child. Her personal hygiene was very much deteriorated slowly as she used to take bath & brush, only if she was asked to do so. She started abusing & assaulting the strangers and family members. Generalised Anxiety Disorder: Six months back he was apparently normal. He is working as a system analyst in a private bank . He had once, made a mistake in his bank work for which he was given charges by his employer, followed this event he becomes very tense and afraid whenever his boss called him. He is very cautious that he should not commit any mistakes. Even though he is not doing so, he fears that he may commit some mistake in his work. At that moment he develops palpitation, giddiness, breathlessness, excessive sweating over palms and soles. Slowly these symptoms present through out the day even when he was not in his office, and he could not control his fearfulness. For the past 6 months he didn’t sleep well. His sleep is disturbed by bad dreams. Recurrent Depressive Disorder: Patient was apparently alright 2 months back. Then she developed sleep disturbances particularly early morning awakening, she use to wake up by 3.00 am and use to brood about herself and started crying. She was not doing her domestic work as before, as she felt excess tiredness and use to take frequent rests. She developed poor communication. She had lost her interest in pleasurable activities and was not interested in watching TV, and attending family gatherings. She stayed aloof most of the time & calm, quiet and withdrawn. She was expressing her helplessness and hopelessness about the future. She started to have decline in maintaining self care. 15 days back, she frequently expressed suicidal ideas and she had attempted suicide by hanging herself and was rescued by neighbours. 5 days back, she started talking in an irrelevant manner. She was smiling to self. She was assaulting her family members. She was suspicious that her neighbour had done black magic on her and also saying that people are talking about her. She reported hearing the voice of her neighbour scolding and threatening her. Organic Brain Syndrome – Dementia: Ten months back he was apparently alright. Then his relatives noticed himself frequently misplaces things inside his home. Then he started behaving aggressively. He was beating his wife without reason. He was roaming here and there, running out of home and wandering aimlessly. He was not able to come back home when he goes out. He was brought back to home by his relatives. Slowly he developed fearfulness and tremulousness while he was staying alone. He also started saying that his family members & neighbours were talking about himself, in this context he would make frequent quarrels with them. He also started hearing voices of known male voices abusing himself in third person. He sleeps for few hour only. He is passing urine and motion inside the house. He is asking about his brother and mother-in-law who were expired long back. He behaves abnormally such as pouring water in the plate while eating. And his relatives found the symptoms were worsened by evening. All these symptoms started insidiously, increased in severity through time and attained the present state. No history of loss of appetite / crying spells / suicidal tendencies / convulsions / fever / head injury

    Mobile Health Technologies

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    Mobile Health Technologies, also known as mHealth technologies, have emerged, amongst healthcare providers, as the ultimate Technologies-of-Choice for the 21st century in delivering not only transformative change in healthcare delivery, but also critical health information to different communities of practice in integrated healthcare information systems. mHealth technologies nurture seamless platforms and pragmatic tools for managing pertinent health information across the continuum of different healthcare providers. mHealth technologies commonly utilize mobile medical devices, monitoring and wireless devices, and/or telemedicine in healthcare delivery and health research. Today, mHealth technologies provide opportunities to record and monitor conditions of patients with chronic diseases such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) and diabetes mellitus. The intent of this book is to enlighten readers about the theories and applications of mHealth technologies in the healthcare domain

    A review of wearable sensors based monitoring with daily physical activity to manage type 2 diabetes

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    Globally, the aging and the lifestyle lead to rabidly increment of the number of type two diabetes (T2D) patients. Critically, T2D considers as one of the most challenging healthcare issue. Importantly, physical activity (PA) plays a vital role of improving glycemic control T2D. However, daily monitoring of T2D using wearable devices/ sensors have a crucial role to monitor glucose levels in the blood. Nowadays, daily physical activity (PA) and exercises have been used to manage T2D. The main contribution of the proposed study is to review the literature about managing and monitoring T2D with daily PA through wearable devices and sensors. Finally, challenges and future trends are also highlighted

    Applications of the Internet of Medical Things to Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

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    Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1) is a condition of the metabolism typified by persistent hyperglycemia as a result of insufficient pancreatic insulin synthesis. This requires patients to be aware of their blood glucose level oscillations every day to deduce a pattern and anticipate future glycemia, and hence, decide the amount of insulin that must be exogenously injected to maintain glycemia within the target range. This approach often suffers from a relatively high imprecision, which can be dangerous. Nevertheless, current developments in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and innovative sensors for biological signals that might enable a continuous, complete assessment of the patient’s health provide a fresh viewpoint on treating DM1. With this, we observe that current biomonitoring devices and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) units can easily obtain data that allow us to know at all times the state of glycemia and other variables that influence its oscillations. A complete review has been made of the variables that influence glycemia in a T1DM patient and that can be measured by the above means. The communications systems necessary to transfer the information collected to a more powerful computational environment, which can adequately handle the amounts of data collected, have also been described. From this point, intelligent data analysis extracts knowledge from the data and allows predictions to be made in order to anticipate risk situations. With all of the above, it is necessary to build a holistic proposal that allows the complete and smart management of T1DM. This approach evaluates a potential shortage of such suggestions and the obstacles that future intelligent IoMT-DM1 management systems must surmount. Lastly, we provide an outline of a comprehensive IoMT-based proposal for DM1 management that aims to address the limits of prior studies while also using the disruptive technologies highlighted beforePartial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

    The Retrospective Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Implementing Standard of Care Best Practices on Fear of Hypoglycemia (FOH) in Insulin Requiring Diabetics

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    The population of individuals with diabetes is expected to rise along with a rise in the use of insulin therapy to control hyperglycemia and prevent diabetic complications. Insulin therapy is implicated as one of the leading causes of hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening adverse drug event. Hypoglycemia is recognized by patients and clinicians as the greatest barrier to achieving adequate glycemic control and it causes physical, psychosocial, financial, and safety concerns for individuals, their families, communities and health care systems. Hypoglycemia often causes insulin requiring diabetics to develop a fear of hypoglycemia, a complex phenomenon that manifests as avoidance of hypoglycemia or near normal euglycemia thus triggering hyperglycemia and increasing risk. The fear and risk of hypoglycemia requires attention by clinicians in order to assist patients in self-management. The purpose of this evidence based project was to add to clinical knowledge and demonstrate how the application of best practice strategies can be translated into real world clinical practice to improve quality and safety. All insulin requiring adults evaluated by the advanced practice nurse were provided education in accordance to best practice standards. Sixty participants were queried pre-intervention and post-intervention with the FH-15 Survey and a hypoglycemia incidence survey. The data was comparatively analyzed. Outcomes demonstrated that self-management education effectively reduced fear of hypoglycemia and incidence of hypoglycemia; however, the intervention was statistically significant in reducing fear of hypoglycemia only. Additional scholarly inquiry regarding the topic is recommended

    7th Baltic Atherosclerosis Society Congress

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    Eesti Arst 2018;97(Lisa1):1–48 &nbsp
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