236 research outputs found

    A DDS-Based Wait-Free Phase-Continuous Carrier Frequency Modulation Strategy for EMI Reduction in FPGA-Based Motor Drive

    Get PDF

    Common-mode voltage elimination in multilevel power inverter-based motor drive applications

    Get PDF
    The industry and academia are focusing their efforts on finding more efficient and reliable electrical machines and motor drives. However, many of the motors driven by pulse-width modulated converters face the recurring problem of common-mode voltage (CMV). In fact, this voltage leads to other problems such as bearing breakdown, deterioration of the stator winding insulation and electromagnetic interferences (EMI) that can affect the lifespan and correct operation of the motors. In this sense, multilevel converters have proven to be a useful tool for solving these problems and mitigating CMV over the past few decades. Among other reasons, because they provide additional degrees of freedom when comparing with two-level converters. However, although there are several proposals in the scientific literature on this topic, no complete information has been reviewed about the CMV issues and the different multilevel alternatives that can be used to solve it. In this context, the objective of this work is to determine how multilevel power converters provide additional degrees of freedom to make the reduction of the CMV possible by using specific modulation techniques, making it easier for engineers and scientists in this field to find solutions to this problem. This document consists of a descriptive study that collects the strengths and weaknesses of most important multilevel power converters, with special emphasis on how CMV affects each of them. In addition, the differences of modulation techniques aimed to the CMV reduction are explained in terms of output voltage, operating linear range, and generated CMV. Considering this last, it is recommended to use those modulation techniques that allow the generation of CMV levels of 0 V in order to be able to completely eliminate said voltage.This work was supported in part by the Government of the Basque Country within the Fund for Research Groups of the Basque University System under Grant IT978-16; in part by the Research Program ELKARTEK under Project ENSOL2-KK-2020/00077; in part by the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Empresa i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya; in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades of Spain under Project PID2019-111420RB-I00 and Project PID2020-115126RB-I00; and in part by the FEDER Funds.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

    A review on conductive common-mode EMI suppression methods in inverter fed motor drives

    Get PDF
    The impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) is an increasingly important aspect of the performance of switching inverters. The challenges of managing EMI continue to grow with the emergence of wide bandgap (WBG) devices, the trend towards ever-greater integration and higher power rating. This paper reviews suppression methods for the conductive common-mode (CM) EMI in inverter fed motor drives. In order to span EMI suppression across the full system design process, the review considers both mitigation from the sources and suppression along the conduction paths. Furthermore, the shortcomings and merits of the reviewed publications are discussed, and their attenuation frequency range and attenuation level are compared. It is demonstrated that the CM EMI at low frequency is mainly determined by the PWM strategies and can be reduced or even theoretically eliminated through zero common-mode control. On the other hand, the CM EMI at high frequency is markedly influenced by the switching transients of the power devices. Thus, various drive circuits are reviewed which improve the switching behavior. Finally, the deployment of passive and active filters to suppress or compensate for the EMI is discussed

    Common-Mode Voltage Elimination in Multilevel Power Inverter-Based Motor Drive Applications

    Get PDF
    [EN] The industry and academia are focusing their efforts on finding more efficient and reliable electrical machines and motor drives. However, many of the motors driven by pulse-width modulated converters face the recurring problem of common-mode voltage (CMV). In fact, this voltage leads to other problems such as bearing breakdown, deterioration of the stator winding insulation and electromagnetic interferences (EMI) that can affect the lifespan and correct operation of the motors. In this sense, multilevel converters have proven to be a useful tool for solving these problems and mitigating CMV over the past few decades. Among other reasons, because they provide additional degrees of freedom when comparing with two-level converters. However, although there are several proposals in the scientific literature on this topic, no complete information has been reviewed about the CMV issues and the different multilevel alternatives that can be used to solve it. In this context, the objective of this work is to determine how multilevel power converters provide additional degrees of freedom to make the reduction of the CMV possible by using specific modulation techniques, making it easier for engineers and scientists in this field to find solutions to this problem. This document consists of a descriptive study that collects the strengths and weaknesses of most important multilevel power converters, with special emphasis on how CMV affects each of them. In addition, the differences of modulation techniques aimed to the CMV reduction are explained in terms of output voltage, operating linear range, and generated CMV. Considering this last, it is recommended to use those modulation techniques that allow the generation of CMV levels of 0 V in order to be able to completely eliminate said voltage.This work was supported in part by the Government of the Basque Country within the Fund for Research Groups of the Basque University System under Grant IT978-16; in part by the Research Program ELKARTEK under Project ENSOL2-KK-2020/00077; in part by the Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya; in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades of Spain under Project PID2019-111420RB-I00 and Project PID2020-115126RB-I00; and in part by the FEDER Funds

    FPGA-based design and implementation of spread-spectrum schemes for conducted-noise reduction in DC-DC converters

    Get PDF
    2009 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology - (ICIT) : Churchill, Victoria, Australia, 2009.02.10-2009.02.1

    Fast-processing sigma-delta strategies for three-phase wide-bandgap power converters with common-mode voltage reduction

    Get PDF
    © 2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.The electromagnetic compatibility of wide-bandgap (WBG) power converters can be greatly improved using spread-spectrum modulation techniques. This article proposes a family of reduced common-voltage sigma–delta modulations (RCMV- S¿ ) for voltage source converters (VSC) that use gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductors. Specifically, this article proposes three new techniques: two reduced-state sigma–delta modulations (RS- S¿1 &2), and an active sigma–delta strategy (A- S¿ ). The proposed modulation techniques reduce or eliminate the common-mode voltage (CMV) dv/dt transitions and suppress the noise spikes in the conducted electromagnetic interference spectrum. Furthermore, this article proposes the use of fast-processing quantizers for RCMV- S¿ techniques as well as for hexagonal sigma–delta (H- S¿ ). These quantizers use a novel calculation methodology that simplifies the implementation of the proposed modulations and considerably reduces their computational cost. The performance and the total harmonic distortion (THD) of RCMV- S¿ techniques are analyzed here using MATLAB/Simulink and PLECS. Experimental results performed on a VSC converter that uses GaN e-HEMTs show how RCMV- S¿ techniques considerably improve electromagnetic compatibility and exhibit similar efficiencies and THD to those of H- S¿ .This work was supported by the Industrial Doctorates Plan of the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Empresa i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya, the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (IDI-20200864), and in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain under Project PID2019-111420RB-I00.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

    High Efficiency PFC Frontend for Class-D Amplifiers

    Get PDF

    Development of an active power filter based on wide-bandgap semiconductors

    Get PDF
    Pla de Doctorat Industrial, Generalitat de CatalynuaElectrical and electronic equipment needs sinusoidal currents and voltages to function properly. Equipment such as computers, household appliances, electric vehicle chargers, and LED lights can distort the grid and worsen grid quality. Distorted electrical grids can cause malfunctions, reduce service life, and decrease the performance of connected equipment. Industry commonly solves these problems using active power filters, which can minimise the harmonics of the grid, eliminate undesirable reactive power, and restore balance to unbalanced power grids. This thesis deals with the design and implementation of an active power filter based on wide-bandgap semiconductors, which have properties that are superior to classical silicon devices. An active power filter’s design must take advantage of these benefits to build converters that are smaller, more efficient, and consume fewer resources. However, wide-bandgap semiconductors also present design challenges. Because the most commonly used active power filters in the industry are based on two-level voltage source converters, the research for this doctoral thesis focuses on this converter topology. Moreover, its main objective is to contribute new modulation techniques that are specially designed to work with wide-bandgap semiconductors. The proposed modulations consider different aspects, such as the computational cost of the algorithms, converter losses, and the electromagnetic distortion generated. First, this thesis presents a hexagonal sigma-delta (H-S¿) modulation based on sigma-delta (S¿) modulation. The properties of this modulation are studied, and the technique is compared with other widely used modulations. The comparison considers efficiency, harmonic distortion, the electromagnetic compatibility of the converter, and the type of wideband semiconductor used. In addition, a fast algorithm is mathematically developed to simplify the presented modulation and reduce its computational cost. Secondly, this thesis presents a family of sigma-delta modulations specially designed to improve electromagnetic compatibility: the reduced common-mode voltage sigma-delta (RCMV-S¿) modulations. These modulations avoid using the vectors that generate the maximum common-mode voltage, which significantly reduces the generated electromagnetic distortion without affecting the performance of the converter and its harmonic distortion. Finally, the proposed modulations are applied in a wide-bandgap power converter working as an active filter. Thus, it is verified that the techniques presented in this thesis will obtain satisfactory results when implemented in commercial active power filters.Els equips elèctrics i electrònics necessiten corrents i tensions sinusoïdals per funcionar correctament. Existeixen equips com els ordinadors, els electrodomèstics, els carregadors de vehicle elèctric o les llums LED, que poden distorsionar la xarxa i empitjorar la qualitat d'aquesta. Les xarxes elèctriques distorsionades poden causar el mal funcionament dels equips que s'hi connecten, reduir la seva vida útil i també empitjorar la seva eficiència. A la industria és habitual utilitzar filtres actius per a solucionar aquests problemes. Els filtres actius permeten minimitzar els harmònics presents a la Δxarxa, eliminar la potència reactiva no desitjada i equilibrar xarxes elèctriques desequilibrades. Aquesta tesi tracta sobre el disseny i la implementació d'un filtre actiu basat en semiconductors de banda ampla. Aquests semiconductors presenten propietats superiors als clàssics dispositius de silici. El disseny d'un filtre actiu ha d'aprofitar aquests avantatges per a construir convertidors més petits, eficients i que consumeixin menys recursos. Tanmateix, els semiconductors de banda ampla també presenten problemes que el disseny ha de solucionar. Els filtres actius més utilitzats en la indústria són els basats en convertidors de font de tensió (voltatge source converters) amb dos nivells. La recerca d'aquesta tesi doctoral està focalitzada en aquesta topologia de convertidor, i el seu principal objectiu és l’aportació de noves tècniques de modulació especialment dissenyades per treballar amb semiconductors de banda ampla. Les modulacions proposades tenen en compte diferents aspectes: el cost computacional dels algoritmes, les pèrdues del convertidor i la distorsió electromagnètica generada. En primer lloc, es presenta una modulació sigma-delta hexagonal (H-__) que es basa en la modulació sigma-delta (ΣΔ). S'estudien les propietats d'aquesta modulació i la tècnica es compara amb altres modulacions àmpliament usades. La comparativa realitzada considera l’eficiència, la distorsió harmònica, la compatibilitat electromagnètica del convertidor i el tipus de semiconductor de banda ampla emprat. Addicionalment, es desenvolupa matemàticament un algoritme ràpid per simplificar la modulació presentada i reduir el seu cost computacional. En segon lloc, es presenta una família de modulacions sigma-delta especialment dissenyades per millorar la compatibilitat electromagnètica: les modulacions sigmadelta amb tensió en mode comú reduïda (RCMV-ΣΔ ). Aquestes modulacions eviten fer servir els vectors que generen la màxima tensió en mode comú. D'aquesta manera es redueix significativament la distorsió electromagnètica generada sense afectar de forma notable al rendiment del convertidor ni a la seva distorsió harmònica. Finalment, les modulacions proposades s'apliquen en un convertidor de potència, basat en semiconductors de banda ampla, que treballa com a filtre actiu. Això es verifica que les tècniques presentades en aquesta tesi poden ser implementades en filtres actius comercials obtenint resultats satisfactoris.Postprint (published version
    • …
    corecore