Secure buyer - seller watermarking protocol

In the existing watermarking protocols, a trusted third party (TTP) is introduced to guarantee that a protocol is fair to both the seller and buyer in a digital content transaction. However, the TTP decreases the security and affects the protocol implementation. To address this issue, in this article a secure buyer&ndash;seller watermarking protocol without the assistance of a TTP is proposed in which there are only two participants, a seller and a buyer. Based on the idea of sharing a secret, a watermark embedded in digital content to trace piracy is composed of two pieces of secret information, one produced by the seller and one by the buyer. Since neither knows the exact watermark, the buyer cannot remove the watermark from watermarked digital content, and at the same time the seller cannot fabricate piracy to frame an innocent buyer. In other words, the proposed protocol can trace piracy and protect the customer&rsquo;s rights. In addition, because no third party is introduced into the proposed protocol, the problem of a seller (or a buyer) colluding with a third party to cheat the buyer (or the seller), namely, the conspiracy problem, can be avoided.<br /

Watermarking protocol of secure verification

The secure verification is important for watermarking protocols. A malicious arbitrator is able to remove an original watermark from an unauthorized copy of the digital content as a result of a security breach in the phase of arbitration and resell multiple copies of it with impunity. We propose a novel buyer-seller watermarking protocol of secure verification. In this scheme, a seller permutes an original watermark provided by a trusted Watermarking Certification Authority (WCA) and embeds it into digital content in an encrypted domain. In case an unauthorized copy is found, the seller can recover the original watermark from the watermark extracted from the copy and sends it to an arbitrator. Without the knowledge of permutations applied by the seller, the arbitrator is unable to remove the permuted watermark from the digital content. Hence, verification is secured. As an additional advantage of the proposed protocol, arbitration can be conducted without the need for the cooperation of the WCA or the buyer

A Lightweight Privacy Preserved Buyer Seller Watermarking Protocol Based on Priced Oblivious Transfer

replacing traditional selling of digital products (such as songs, videos,movies, software, books, documents, images, etc.) through shops. This mode of sale can bring the product price down as infrastructure cost in setting up shops and retail chain is reduced. On downside, however, this may increase problem of piracy as digital data can be easily copied, manipulated and transmitted. To protect copyright of owner, establish right of buyer on purchased copy and yet check data piracy, it is required that a rusted e-distribution system be built. Such a system should be able to ensure secure transaction between buyer and seller, check ownership and track the origin of unauthorized copies..The buyer seller watermarking protocols are heavyweight protocols.These protocols require large computation power and network bandwidth.The heavyweight protocols could not be used for the resource constrained devices since the devices does not support battery power.A lightweight protocol has been proposed which is best suited for the resource constrained devices. The protocol is based on a fast asymmetric encryption with novel simplification.In this approach the seller authenticates the buyer but does not learn which items are purchased. The protocol is designed in such a way that the buyers pay the right price without disclosing the purchased item, and the sellers are able to identify buyers that released pirated copies. The protocol is constructed based on the priced oblivious transfer and the existing techniques for asymmetric watermark embedding. Index Terms- Buyer–seller watermarking protocol, fair exchange, priced oblivious transfer (POT). B I

A Lightweight Buyer-Seller Watermarking Protocol

The buyer-seller watermarking protocol enables a seller to successfully identify a traitor from a pirated copy, while preventing the seller from framing an innocent buyer. Based on finite field theory and the homomorphic property of public key cryptosystems such as RSA, several buyer-seller watermarking protocols (N. Memon and P. W. Wong (2001) and C.-L. Lei et al. (2004)) have been proposed previously. However, those protocols require not only large computational power but also substantial network bandwidth. In this paper, we introduce a new buyer-seller protocol that overcomes those weaknesses by managing the watermarks. Compared with the earlier protocols, ours is n times faster in terms of computation, where n is the number of watermark elements, while incurring only O(1/lN) times communication overhead given the finite field parameter lN. In addition, the quality of the watermarked image generated with our method is better, using the same watermark strength

Multiparty multilevel watermarking protocol for digital secondary market based on iris recognition technology

Background: In order to design secure digital right management architecture between different producers and different consumers, this paper proposes a multiparty and multilevel watermarking protocol for primary and secondary market. Comparing with the traditional buyer-seller watermarking protocols, this paper makes several outstanding achievements. Method: First of all, this paper extends traditional buyer-seller two-party architecture to multiparty architecture which contains producer, multiply distributors, consumers, etc. Secondly, this paper pays more attention on the security issues, for example, this paper applies iris recognition technology as an advanced security method. Conclusion: Finally, this paper also presents a second-hand market scheme to overcome the copyright issues that may happen in the real world. © 2017 Bentham Science Publishers

A buyer-seller watermarking protocol for digital secondary market

In the digital right management value chain, digital watermarking technology plays a very important role in digital product’s security, especially on its usage tracking and copyrights infringement authentication. However, watermark procedures can only effectively support copyright protection processes if they are applied as part of an appropriate watermark protocol. In this regard, a number of watermark protocols have been proposed in the literature and have been shown to facilitate the use of digital watermarking technology as copyright protection. One example of such protocols is the anonymous buyer-seller watermarking protocol. Although there are a number of protocols that have been proposed in the literature and provide suitable solutions, they are mainly designed as a watermarking protocol for the first-hand market and are unsuitable for second-hand transactions. As the complexity of online transaction increases, so does the size of the digital second-hand market. In this paper, we present a new buyer-seller watermark protocol that addresses the needs of customer’s rights problem in the digital secondary market. The proposed protocol consists of five sub-protocols that cover the registration process, watermarking process for the first, second and third-hand transactions as well as the identification & arbitration processes. This paper provides analysis that compares the proposed protocols with existing state-of-the-arts and shows that it has met not only all the buyer’s and seller’s requirements in the traditional sense but also accommodates the same requirements in the secondary market

A High Security Buyer-Seller Watermark Protocol based on Iris Biometric

With the development of digital watermarking technology, digital watermarking protocol is now drawing the attention for protecting copyrights of digital products. However, the copyright protection is fully protected by watermark technology if it is employed a suitable protocol between the rights owner and the customer. Therefore, currently, there are a number of buyer-seller watermarking protocols proposed, however, an anonymous problem and collusion problem are still unsolved completely. Thus, this paper proposes a high security watermark protocol based on iris biometric for resolving these problems. In addition, this paper also produces watermarking generation mechanism which aims to improve the efficiency of the whole mechanism. Finally, the investigation indicates that the proposed buyer-seller watermark protocol takes care of the security concerns of all parties involved, and the proposed scheme could also find an illegal copy of the content, the violators can be traced back

On the Implementation of Spread Spectrum Fingerprinting in Asymmetric Cryptographic Protocol

<p/> <p>Digital fingerprinting of multimedia contents involves the generation of a fingerprint, the embedding operation, and the realization of traceability from redistributed contents. Considering a buyer's right, the asymmetric property in the transaction between a buyer and a seller must be achieved using a cryptographic protocol. In the conventional schemes, the implementation of a watermarking algorithm into the cryptographic protocol is not deeply discussed. In this paper, we propose the method for implementing the spread spectrum watermarking technique in the fingerprinting protocol based on the homomorphic encryption scheme. We first develop a rounding operation which converts real values into integer and its compensation, and then explore the tradeoff between the robustness and communication overhead. Experimental results show that our system can simulate Cox's spread spectrum watermarking method into asymmetric fingerprinting protocol.</p