An Introduction to Declarative Programming in CLIPS and PROLOG

We provide a brief introduction to CLIPS—a declarative/logic programming language for implementing expert systems—and PROLOG—a declarative/logic programming language based on first-order, predicate calculus. Unlike imperative languages in which the programmer specifies how to compute a solution to a problem, in a declarative language, the programmer specifies what they what to find, and the system uses a search strategy built into the language. We also briefly discuss applications of CLIPS and PROLOG

Knowledge-Based Systems. Overview and Selected Examples

The Advanced Computer Applications (ACA) project builds on IIASA's traditional strength in the methodological foundations of operations research and applied systems analysis, and its rich experience in numerous application areas including the environment, technology and risk. The ACA group draws on this infrastructure and combines it with elements of AI and advanced information and computer technology to create expert systems that have practical applications. By emphasizing a directly understandable problem representation, based on symbolic simulation and dynamic color graphics, and the user interface as a key element of interactive decision support systems, models of complex processes are made understandable and available to non-technical users. Several completely externally-funded research and development projects in the field of model-based decision support and applied Artificial Intelligence (AI) are currently under way, e.g., "Expert Systems for Integrated Development: A Case Study of Shanxi Province, The People's Republic of China." This paper gives an overview of some of the expert systems that have been considered, compared or assessed during the course of our research, and a brief introduction to some of our related in-house research topics

The use of information technology in aquaculture management

The recent advances in information technology (IT) have had profound impacts on all walks of life and aquaculture is no exception. The growing importance of aquaculture as an alternative source of protein has further emphasized the need to adapt and develop advanced IT for the better management of aquaculture facilities as well as the regional planning for aquaculture development. It is the objective of this paper to review the use and potential prospects of IT in aquaculture management. The information technologies considered are instrumentation and process control, data management, computerized models, decision support systems, artificial intelligence and expert systems, image processing and pattern recognition, geographical information systems, and information centres and networks. The review includes a brief introduction of each of the aforementioned technologies, followed by a survey of their current application as well as their potential use in aquaculture management. Abstract The recent advances in information technology (IT) have had profound impacts on all walks of life and aquaculture is no exception. The growing importance of aquaculture as an alternative source of protein has further emphasized the need to adapt and develop advanced IT for the better management of aquaculture facilities as well as the regional planning for aquaculture development. It is the objective of this paper to review the use and potential prospects of IT in aquaculture management. The information technologies considered are instrumentation and process control, data management, computerized models, decision support systems, artificial intelligence and expert systems, image processing and pattern recognition, geographical information systems, and information centres and networks. The review includes a brief introduction of each of the aforementioned technologies, followed by a survey of their current application as well as their potential use in aquaculture management

Expert system for scheduling simulation lab sessions

Implementation and results of an expert system used for scheduling session requests for the Systems Engineering Simulator (SES) laboratory at the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) are discussed. Weekly session requests are received from astronaut crew trainers, procedures developers, engineering assessment personnel, software developers, and various others who wish to access the computers, scene generators, and other simulation equipment available to them in the SES lab. The expert system under discussion is comprised of a data acquisition portion - two Pascal programs run on a personal computer - and a CLIPS program installed on a minicomputer. A brief introduction to the SES lab and its scheduling background is given. A general overview of the system is provided, followed by a detailed description of the constraint-reduction process and of the scheduler itself. Results from a ten-week trial period using this approach are discussed. Finally, a summary of the expert system's strengths and shortcomings are provided

STUDY OF MEDICAL MECHATRONICS

Abstract Medical mechatronics explains innovative solutions for exploiting mechatronics in the medical instruments by optimizing the available conventional instruments and also creating new innovative, intelligent and accurate instrument. This paper gives a brief introduction about sensing and actuating technologies, automation and control systems used in the medical field. The paper also discuss about the principles and methods of processing and controlling mechanism in mechatronics system. In controlling, the artificial neural networks (ANNs) and fuzzy expert systems are commonly used one. ANNs are biologically inspired computer programs designed to simulate the way in which the human brain processes information. Whereas fuzzy expert system uses predefine membership functions and fuzzy inference rules to map numeric data into linguistic variable terms and to make fuzzy reasoning work

The construction of statistical expert systems with applications

PhD ThesisStatistical expert systems have grown more numerous over the last few years. However, the tools which are used in their development are largely modifications of existing methods from other areas. This means that the unique aspects of statistical problems may be omitted in their development. This thesis examines the way that a statistical consultant works, and proposes guidelines and tools for system development based on this. Section I provides a brief introduction to this area. Section II considers the problems faced in establishing the actual problem brought by a client. Two areas of particular interest are establishing the background subject and the facts of a problem. Two methods are proposed to tackle these areas. Also of interest is the way in which a consultant may select a statistical test. Section III introduces a program to elicit the rules used by a consultant. A disk containing the program and the functions used is included with this thesis.Science and Engineering Research Counci