2,068 research outputs found
A primer on quantum fluids
This book introduces the theoretical description and properties of quantum
fluids. The focus is on gaseous atomic Bose-Einstein condensates and, to a
minor extent, superfluid helium, but the underlying concepts are relevant to
other forms of quantum fluids such as polariton and photonic condensates. The
book is pitched at the level of advanced undergraduates and early postgraduate
students, aiming to provide the reader with the knowledge and skills to develop
their own research project on quantum fluids. Indeed, the content for this book
grew from introductory notes provided to our own research students. It is
assumed that the reader has prior knowledge of undergraduate mathematics and/or
physics; otherwise, the concepts are introduced from scratch, often with
references for directed further reading.Comment: 132 pages. Published as SpringerBriefs in Physics book. Typos
corrected in this versio
Dynamical properties of a trapped dipolar Fermi gas at finite temperature
We investigate the dynamical properties of a trapped finite-temperature
normal Fermi gas with dipole-dipole interaction. For the free expansion
dynamics, we show that the expanded gas always becomes stretched along the
direction of the dipole moment. In addition, we present the temperature and
interaction dependences of the asymptotical aspect ratio. We further study the
collapse dynamics of the system by suddenly increasing the dipolar interaction
strength. We show that, in contrast to the anisotropic collapse of a dipolar
Bose-Einstein condensate, a dipolar Fermi gas always collapses isotropically
when the system becomes globally unstable. We also explore the interaction and
temperature dependences for the frequencies of the low-lying collective
excitations.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
A Minimization Method for Relativistic Electrons in a Mean-Field Approximation of Quantum Electrodynamics
We study a mean-field relativistic model which is able to describe both the
behavior of finitely many spin-1/2 particles like electrons and of the Dirac
sea which is self-consistently polarized in the presence of the real particles.
The model is derived from the QED Hamiltonian in Coulomb gauge neglecting the
photon field. All our results are non-perturbative and mathematically rigorous.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figure
Scaling Calculation of Isoscalar Giant Resonances in Relativistic Thomas-Fermi Theory
We derive analytical expressions for the excitation energy of the isoscalar
giant monopole and quadrupole resonances in finite nuclei, by using the scaling
method and the extended Thomas-Fermi approach to relativistic mean field
theory. We study the ability of several non-linear sigma-omega parameter sets
of common use in reproducing the experimental data. For monopole oscillations
the calculations agree better with experiment when the nuclear matter
incompressibility of the relativistic interaction lies in the range 220-260
MeV. The breathing-mode energies of the scaling method compare satisfactorily
with those obtained in relativistic RPA and time-dependent mean field
calculations. For quadrupole oscillations all the analyzed non-linear parameter
sets reproduce the empirical trends reasonably well.Comment: 41 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figure
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