98 research outputs found
Unsupervised linking of scientific articles to food systems taxonomies
In this thesis, a novel method for linking scientific articles to taxonomy terms in the domain of food systems research is presented. With food systems being in the center of 12 of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development goals, there has been an ever-growing amount of scientific articles in this field. These articles are vital in understanding the complex nature of food systems and their inter-dependencies. However, finding relevant literature in this field is difficult for decision makers given the interdisciplinary nature of the field and that annotation and expert feedback is expensive. In the thesis, BERT-based models (SBERT, SPECTER and SciBERT) are adapted to the food systems area and fine-tuned for tasks such as text classification and text similarity, which represents a solution to the problem of finding relevant articles in the food systems domain. The proposed
search system uses several taxonomies and data augmentation to achieve the results, which are visualized in a created website. Linking food systems research articles to taxonomy terms shows good accuracy, with models finetuned on domain data achieving better performance on classification task. The best fine-tuning strategy for SPECTER and SciBERT is the combination of domain adaptation and classification. Fine-tuning for text similarity for SBERT improves SBERT performance only slightly. The proposed method can be used in other domains than food systems
The Limits of Bioenergy : A Complex Systems Approach to Land Use Dynamics and Constraints
This thesis aims to use a novel methodology to obtain an understanding of the potential limits of bioenergy by using a complex systems approach for assessing land use dynamics and constraints. Although bioenergy is classified as a renewable energy source, land is a finite resource and its expansion limited. The anthropogenic demands on land result from a combination of multiple provisioning services. These include global food consumption, dietary preference, crop and livestock yields, land use integration, wastes and residues, and bioenergy yields and forms, as well as the allocation of surplus land for forestry and energy crops, and the potential role of negative emission technologies. Thus, bioenergy is just one part of a complex land-use system. The general hypothesis is that there are fundamental limits to the overall scale and rate of the sustainable expansion of bioenergy, which can be assessed by means of combinations of empirical data, mapping tools and complex systems models. To this end, a novel methodological approach is proposed, which is based on a combination of two original models. The first one is termed the Global Calculator Land Use Change Model (GCLUC), developed as part of the Global Calculator Project, in which land is freely allocated worldwide and food security is assumed a priority. The second considers land for dedicated energy crops as a delimited reserve, by integrating Hubbertâs curve principles (originally proposed for peak oil assessments) in agro-ecological zoning schemes (as recently done for sugarcane ethanol in Brazil), resulting in a new model here termed green-Hubbert. The results show ranges of bioenergy potentials and expansion rates in the context of different land use futures. The potential public policies necessary to support sustainable bioenergy are also discussed. Finally, the conclusions show that, indeed, there are fundamental limits to bioenergy, and these limits are dynamic over time.Open Acces
Development of actuating organ for electric intervention tool
Master's thesis in Offshore technologyThis thesis describes the initial steps towards development of a modularized all-electric toolbox, to use during ROV intervention. Based on a vision of future subsea systems, which will rely on electrification and standardization. Inspired by standardized interfaces and interchangeability in tool kits used on land, the objective has been to research the possibility of implementing such concepts into the offshore industry.
The primary objective of this thesis was to create an understanding of ROV systems and their capabilities. The secondary objective of this thesis was to expand our understanding of relevant markets, and the services involved in these. What kind of tools are necessary to complete the given tasks? What characteristics are mandatory of an ROV to operate relevant tools in a safe and efficient manner? These questions determine what market segments are favorable and should be focused on, and thereby which tools are relevant. The third objective was to analyze the chosen tools to determine preferable properties towards electrification and modularization. The fourth objective is to determine what tools are best suited to proceed into concept and design evaluations. The properties of the selected tools are then reviewed, where necessities related to power input and outputs are established. Electric actuator solutions are then analyzed to find viable candidates within the suggested electric motor types. Several motors containing viable qualities where found. The qualities and restrictions that one must comply with during design and operation where adhered to, following these guidelines the best tooling solutions where sought out.
These objectives culminate into a goal of making it possible to enter the ROV market with limited experience, by learning the basics of the ROV business and thereby gaining insight into this trade. Based on the knowledge gained in every step of the process, datasheets containing recommended properties for four electric actuators are presented. These are capable of performing the criterions set for tooling actuators. Development processes might now proceed with the suggested candidates as the basis for further research
Drama in education days 2021. Conference proceedings of the 7th annual conference on performative language teaching and learning
Der Tagungsband der DramapÀdagogik-Tage 2021 umfasst 9 BeitrÀge in Englisch oder Deutsch, basierend auf VortrÀgen und Workshops zum Themenfeld performativer Fremdsprachenunterricht. Die Schwerpunktthemen reichen von mehreren BeitrÀgen zum performativem Fremdsprachenlernen in digitalen Formaten bis zur praktischen Arbeit mit Bildergeschichten, Lyrik und Improvisation im dramapÀdagogisch-orientierten Fremdsprachenunterricht verschiedener Altersgruppen. (Herausgeberinnen)The proceedings of the Drama in Education Days 2021 include 9 contributions in English or German, based on lectures and workshops on the topic of performative foreign language teaching and learning. The main topics range from several contributions on performative foreign language learning in digital formats to practical work with picture stories, poetry and improvisation in drama pedagogy-oriented foreign language teaching of different age groups. (Editors
Methodology for Residential Building Stock Refurbishment PlanningâDevelopment of Local Building Typologies
This paper presents the methodology for the implementation of building typology principles
as a tool for the strategic planning of residential building stock energy retrofits on a municipal
level in Serbia. Research was conducted under the IEE EPISCOPE (Intelligent Energy Europe EPISCOPE/ TABULA project) project with the aim of developing an adequate tool for creating building stock energy retrofit management strategies on a local level. An approach that envisions the diversity and uneven spatial distribution of building stock in smaller scale municipalities and includes statistically relevant sampling of all relevant building types was developed and tested in the pilot project that focused on the city of VrĆĄac. Two options for local typology development were formulated: a top-down approach, which relies on the data from the national typology or other available databases by reducing them to the local level, and a bottom-up approach, which represents a new data gathering and processing method. Both approaches were tested in the pilot project and the results are compared in this paper. From the conclusions of these analyses, a common methodology for the development of local building typologies has been defined. It can be used in the strategic planning of building stock, whether for the purpose of developing local energy action plans (LEAPs) or other purposes internationally
FlÀchennutzungsmonitoring V: Methodik - Analyseergebnisse - FlÀchenmanagement
Durch zunehmende FlĂ€chenkonkurrenzen und ambitionierte FlĂ€chensparziele in Politik, Raumplanung und Umweltschutz gewinnen die Themen FlĂ€chenentwicklung, -monitoring und -management sowie FlĂ€chenbedarfsprognosen an Bedeutung. Im fĂŒnften Band der Serie FlĂ€chennutzungsmonitoring sind aktuelle BeitrĂ€ge von Experten aus Wissenschaft und Praxis vereint, die auf dem Dresdner FlĂ€chennutzungssymposium 2013 vorgestellt und diskutiert wurden. Sie geben Antworten zu Fragen nach FlĂ€chenerhebungsmethoden, zum fernerkundlichen FlĂ€chenmonitoring, zur indikatorenbasierten Beschreibung ausgewĂ€hlter Aspekte der FlĂ€chennutzungsstruktur, zum Einsatz von Geobasisdaten und nutzererhobenen Daten (Crowdsourcing), zu GebĂ€udeerhebungen und -bestandsanalysen, zu kleinrĂ€umigen Datenangeboten und Analyseverfahren zur Siedlungsstruktur sowie zur Prognose der FlĂ€chenentwicklung
From masterplanning to adaptive planning : understanding the contemporary tools and processes for civic urban order
My research is an examination of the scope of contemporary urban design and planning tools and processes which can act as alternative qualitative methodologies for the renewal of urban conditions at multiple scales through adaptive methods embracing change, stresses and shocks affecting societies and the city as a growing epicentre of human inhabitation and complex systems. With growing urbanisation, the question of what constitutes liveable urbanism across urban territories is a critical one.
Addressing the lack of unified and culturally aware analysis of the evolution in urban design and planning practice being applied in various contexts across the developed and developing world, I have, through my own international research programme over more than 15 years, traced their potentials for incubating renewal through a collection of published outputs, each with their own approach: a book, essays for the media and for exhibition catalogues and a webzine.
Through examination I have learned about the capacities of tools and processes to break with silo thinking and damaging legacies of the past, and to adapt, or to forge new instrumentalities in ways that are context-responsive and situational. My focus has been on studying largely ongoing, phased projects, so this is a work in progress. This self-appointed intellectual mandate for comparative urbanism has required a form of evaluation that includes consideration of the use and mis-use of history and old rules, operational narratives and contestory factors, enquiry into assumptions made, responsibilities claimed, and objectives combining issues of determination (of plans, by their clients) and self-determination (of communities).
I have striven to show how the recognition of planning baggage and the emptying out of its tactics, is, in diverse ways, creating space for alternative behaviors in the form of new, potentially more socially equitable and responsive patterns of operation, engaging and reusing resources. I have learned that new hybrid processes of top down and bottom up planning, and interest in engaging with multi-modal approaches with their relative novelty and unprecedented forms of complexity, represent major challenges to long-held beliefs about planningâs role in society and the typical relationships between planner and those planned for. They foster a sense of the symbiotic relationships, interdependencies, alliances and self-determination cities need to generate their futures in socially equitable and resilient ways.
My body of research will help inform and contribute methodologies and concepts to future outputs on related themes concerning urban design and planningâs role and identity, including issues of Urbanista.org, my webzine. The wider implications of my research are also that institutions involved in land use of all kinds accordingly need to carry a responsibility to adopt a higher commitment to the value of and need for adaptive instruments of civic urban order
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